Reginaldo Giuliani (GN, I.14, UIT.23)
Giuliani

Type	Ocean going
Class	Liuzzi (16)
Laid down	13 Mar 1939	Cantieri Navale Tosi di Taranto, Taranto
Launched	3 Dec 1939
Commissioned	3 Feb 1940
End service	9 Sep 1943
Stricken
Loss date	14 Feb 1944
Loss position	4° 27'N, 100° 11'E
History	Converted as a transport submarine, code name "AQUILA II". Seized by the Germans at Singapore on 9th September 1943. Renamed UIT-23.
Fate	Sunk on 14 February 1944 in the Straits of Malacca south of Penang, in position 04°27'N, 100°11'E by the submarine HMS Tally-Ho

Commands

Commander	Date from	Date to	Command notes
T.V. Bruno Zelik	25 Apr 1940	12 Aug 1940
C.C. Renato D'Elia	13 Aug 1940	12 Jan 1941
T.V. Giovanni Baù	13 Jan 1941	19 Jan 1941
C.F. Vittore Raccanelli	20 Jan 1941	10 Apr 1941
C.C. Adalberto Giovannini	11 Apr 1941	1 Jun 1942
C.C. Giandomenico Bruno	1 Jun 1942	31 Jan 1943
T.V. Aredio Galzigna	1 Sep 1942	3 Nov 1942
T.V. Gianfranco Gazzana Priaroggia	4 Sep 1942	4 Sep 1942
C.F. Ferdinando Corsi	1 Feb 1943	20 Feb 1943
C.C. Athos Fraternale	20 Feb 1943	30 Apr 1943
C.C. Mario Tei	1 May 1943	9 Sep 1943

Ships hit

	Date	Commander	Ship hit	Type	GRT	Nat.	Loss type
1.	10 Aug 1942	C.C. Giandomenico Bruno	Medon	Cargo ship	5,915		Sunk
2.	13 Aug 1942	C.C. Giandomenico Bruno	California	Cargo ship	5,376		Sunk
3.	14 Aug 1942	C.C. Giandomenico Bruno	Sylvia De Larrinaga	Cargo ship	5,218		Sunk

Patrols and events

	Commander	Date	Time	Port	Arr. date	Arr. time	Arr. port	Miles	Description
1	Zelik, Bruno	6 Jun 1940	0800	Taranto	21 Jun 1940	1810	Taranto	1462,8	Patrolled 35 miles south of Gavdo and south of Crete in 34°20'N, 24°20'E. On 18th June, patrol was shifted 25 miles to the west. Formed a line with Bagnolini, Tarantini and Salpa.
	Zelik, Bruno	1 Jul 1940	0800	Taranto	1 Jul 1940	1055	Taranto	10,5	Exercises.
	Zelik, Bruno	11 Jul 1940	1155	Taranto	11 Jul 1940	1533	Taranto	19	Exercises.
2	Zelik, Bruno	12 Jul 1940	0748	Taranto	27 Jul 1940	1543	Taranto	1682,9	Patrolled northeast of Derna from 33°05'N, 22°40'E, 20 miles to SE and SW with the submarine Bagnolini. From the night of 23 July, patrol was shifted to 33°40'N parallel.
		24 Jul 1940	0435	(0) Off Derna.	At 0435 hours, As the submarine was diving, the hatch fell heavily on the head of the gunner Cesario Verardo. The gunner was severely injured and despite attempts to administer him first aid he died at 0525 hours on the following day.
		27 Jul 1940	0157 0215 (e)	(0) 31 miles south of Cape Santa Maria di Leuca.	At 0157 hours, Giuliani sighted a shadow at 1,200-1,500 metres. It was believed to be a submarine and it dived. This was most likely Bagnolini. Giuliani also dived and Zelik heard a noise and believed the "enemy" submarine had fired a torpedo, but this was not the case.
	D'Elia, Renato	13 Aug 1940	0725	Taranto	13 Aug 1940	1139	Taranto	18	Trials.
	D'Elia, Renato	14 Aug 1940	0729	Taranto	14 Aug 1940	1515	Taranto	32,9	Trials.
	D'Elia, Renato	16 Aug 1940	0735	Taranto	16 Aug 1940	1431	Taranto	26,8	Trials.
	D'Elia, Renato	27 Aug 1940	1345	Taranto	28 Aug 1940	2015	Trapani	431,6	Passage Taranto-Trapani.
3	D'Elia, Renato	29 Aug 1940	1855	Trapani	5 Oct 1940	1020	Le Verdon	5122,2	Passage to Bordeaux. Passed Gibraltar on 10th September 1940. Patrolled in area between 32°00'N and 33°40'N, and between 16°50'W and 30°05'W. On 30th September 1940, the submarine had water damage to the diesel plant. Note: in the early hours of 11th September, a French squadron also crossed the Straits of Gibraltar, HMS Hotspur, HMS Griffin and HMS Encounter were hunting a submarine at the time but Giuliani does not seem to have been much disturbed. Met Baracca and escorted in by the German minesweepers M-9 and M-13.
		26 Sep 1940	1120	33° 25'N, 21° 35'W	(Time not given) A steamer was sighted steering 030°. The flag could not be distinguished, but appeared to be red. At 1120 hours, from a distance of 5,000 metres, the vessel opened fire on the submarine with a stern gun, the shells fell short but with a yellow colouring. She escaped when Giuliani's gun jammed.
		5 Oct 1940	0815+ 0716 (e)	45° 39'N, 1° 41'W	At 0815 hours, Giuliani was proceeding in company of Baracca, escorted by the German minesweepers M-9 and M-13 and by the Sperrbrecher Cap Hadid, when three torpedo wakes were sighted. They apparently missed 300 metres astern and exploded at the end of their run. The attacker was the submarine HMS Tigris (Lieutenant Commander H.F. Bone, RN). She had sighted what was believed to be three U-boats (only two were present) escorted by two ELAN class boats and had fired a salvo of four torpedoes from 2,500 yards range. Two explosions were heard after 124 and 131 seconds and then only two U-boats were sighted, leading Lt. Cdr. Bone to believe that a U-boat had been sunk.
3b	D'Elia, Renato	5 Oct 1940	1827	Le Verdon	5 Oct 1940	2010	Pauillac		Passage Le Verdon-Pauillac.
		5 Oct 1940	0815+ 0716 (e)	45° 39'N, 1° 41'W	At 0815 hours, Giuliani was proceeding in company of Baracca, escorted by the German minesweepers M-9 and M-13 and by the Sperrbrecher Cap Hadid, when three torpedo wakes were sighted. They apparently missed 300 metres astern and exploded at the end of their run. The attacker was the submarine HMS Tigris (Lieutenant Commander H.F. Bone, RN). She had sighted what was believed to be three U-boats (only two were present) escorted by two ELAN class boats and had fired a salvo of four torpedoes from 2,500 yards range. Two explosions were heard after 124 and 131 seconds and then only two U-boats were sighted, leading Lt. Cdr. Bone to believe that a U-boat had been sunk.
3c	D'Elia, Renato	6 Oct 1940	0800	Pauillac	6 Oct 1940	1057	Bordeaux		Passage Pauillac-Bordeaux.
4	D'Elia, Renato	10 Nov 1940	1550	Bordeaux	10 Nov 1940	1840	Pauillac		Passage Bordeaux-Pauillac.
4b	D'Elia, Renato	11 Nov 1940	1515	Pauillac	7 Dec 1940	1440	Bordeaux	2505,6	Patrolled west of Ireland between 54°00'N and 54°40'N, and between 15°00'W and 21°00'W. Her commanding officer was criticised by Admiral Parona and was removed from his submarine command.
		24 Nov 1940	1915	49° 10'N, 19° 50'W	At 1915 hours, suddenly an armed merchant cruiser was sighted coming out of a rain squall at a distance of 3,500 metres, steering 000°, 14 knots. It may have sighted the submarine as she turned toward her and increased speed. Giuliani dived and lost hydrophone contact at 2000 hours. At 2130 hours, she surfaced and made an enemy report.
	Baù, Giovanni	13 Jan 1941		Bordeaux	19 Jan 1941		Bordeaux	2505,6	Change in command.
	Raccanelli, Vittore	30 Jan 1941		Bordeaux?	30 Jan 1941	Date?	Le Verdon?		According to the KTB of 2.MSFL, Giuliani made a sortie on this date escorted by M-12 and M-21. Italian documents do not confirm such a movement.
	Raccanelli, Vittore	5 Mar 1941	1040	Bordeaux	5 Mar 1941	1450	Le Verdon		Passage Bordeaux-Le Verdon and tested her gyro-compass.
	Raccanelli, Vittore	6 Mar 1941	0855	Le Verdon	6 Mar 1941	1650	La Pallice	105,6	Passage Le Verdon-La Pallice escorted by M-6 and M-21? [mileage is from Bordeaux].
	Raccanelli, Vittore	8 Mar 1941	0800	Le Verdon	8 Mar 1941	1400	La Pallice	19	Exercises.
5	Raccanelli, Vittore	16 Mar 1941	1850	La Pallice	30 Mar 1941	1845	Brunsbüttel	1458,5	Transfer to Gotenhaven and brief Atlantic patrol, passage via 47°30'N, 14°00'W and 53°00'N, 18°00'W then route north to 60°00'N and passage between Iceland and Faroes. Met by Sperrbrecher 32 and escorted in.
		19 Mar 1941			During the day, the submarine was informed of an enemy convoy of five merchant ships escorted by gunboats at 1100 hours in 55°05' N, 12°35' W (Italian Grid 0607/44), course 230°, 8 knots. Giuliani altered course to intercept. At 1945 hours, a new signal received indicated that the convoy at 1700 hours was now in Grid 0645/13 on course 260°, 8 knots. This forced a new alteration of course, but visibility was only a few hundred meters and the submarine submerged to use her hydrophones, but without success. At 0505 hours the following day, the intersection point had been reached and Giuliani searched an area 10 miles wide along the presumed path. Visibility was only a few hundred meters and the submarine submerged at 0606 hours to use her hydrophones, again without success. At 0900 hours, the chase was abandoned.
5b	Raccanelli, Vittore	31 Mar 1941	0800	Brunsbüttel	31 Mar 1941	1410	Kiel	1816,5	Passage Brunsbüttel-Kiel [mileage is from La Pallice].
5c	Raccanelli, Vittore	4 Apr 1941	0610	Kiel	6 Apr 1941	0920	Gotenhaven	358	Passage Kiel-Gotenhaven escorted by the German submarine tender Isar.
	Giovannini, Adalberto	16 Apr 1941	0800	Gotenhaven	17 Apr 1941	1712	Gotenhaven	175	Exercises.
	Giovannini, Adalberto	21 Apr 1941	1325	Gotenhaven	23 Apr 1941	0840	Gotenhaven	175	Exercises.
	Giovannini, Adalberto	24 Apr 1941	1000	Gotenhaven	26 Apr 1941	0840	Gotenhaven	232	Exercises.
	Giovannini, Adalberto	28 Apr 1941	0840	Gotenhaven	28 Apr 1941	1321	Gotenhaven	8	Exercises.
	Giovannini, Adalberto	30 Apr 1941	0945	Gotenhaven	2 May 1941	1411	Gotenhaven	321,5	Exercises.
	Giovannini, Adalberto	5 May 1941	0605	Gotenhaven	8 May 1941	1454	Gotenhaven	376,8	Exercises.
	Giovannini, Adalberto	9 May 1941	1015	Gotenhaven	12 May 1941	0950	Danzig	398,4	Exercises.
	Giovannini, Adalberto	19 May 1941	0846	Danzig	19 May 1941	1340	Gotenhaven	15	Passage Danzig-Gotenhaven.
	Giovannini, Adalberto	20 May 1941	0815	Gotenhaven	24 May 1941	0450	Gotenhaven	407	Exercises.
	Giovannini, Adalberto	26 May 1941	1245	Gotenhaven	29 May 1941	0520	Gotenhaven	373	Exercises.
	Giovannini, Adalberto	30 May 1941	1300	Gotenhaven	1 Jun 1941	0642	Gotenhaven	380	Exercises.
	Giovannini, Adalberto	4 Jun 1941	1049	Gotenhaven	8 Jun 1941	0551	Gotenhaven	555	Exercises.
	Giovannini, Adalberto	11 Jun 1941	1100	Gotenhaven	14 Jun 1941	0511	Gotenhaven	411	Exercises.
	Giovannini, Adalberto	16 Jun 1941	1025	Gotenhaven	17 Jun 1941	0135	Gotenhaven	70	Exercises.
	Giovannini, Adalberto	20 Jun 1941	0625	Gotenhaven	20 Jun 1941	1850	Königsberg	99	Exercises.
	Giovannini, Adalberto	22 Aug 1941	0817	Königsberg	22 Aug 1941	1935	Pillau	56,6	Passage Königsberg-Pillau.
	Giovannini, Adalberto	23 Aug 1941	0817	Pillau	23 Aug 1941	1935	Danzig	59	Passage Pillau-Danzig.
	Giovannini, Adalberto	9 Sep 1941	0839	Gotenhaven	9 Sep 1941	2120	Danzig	10,4	Passage Gotenhaven-Danzig.
	Giovannini, Adalberto	16 Sep 1941	0803	Gotenhaven	16 Sep 1941	1710	Gotenhaven	69,5	Exercises (firing, etc.).
	Giovannini, Adalberto	20 Sep 1941	0900	Gotenhaven	20 Sep 1941	1303	Gotenhaven	5	Exercises.
	Giovannini, Adalberto	24 Sep 1941	0858	Gotenhaven	24 Sep 1941	1605	Gotenhaven	77	Exercises.
	Giovannini, Adalberto	26 Sep 1941	0858	Gotenhaven	26 Sep 1941	1611	Gotenhaven	61	Exercises.
	Giovannini, Adalberto	2 Oct 1941	0600	Gotenhaven	5 Oct 1941	0747	Gotenhaven	552	Exercises.
	Giovannini, Adalberto	7 Oct 1941	0730	Gotenhaven	11 Oct 1941	0755	Gotenhaven	557	Exercises.
	Giovannini, Adalberto	15 Oct 1941	0802	Gotenhaven	18 Oct 1941	0907	Gotenhaven	544	Exercises.
	Giovannini, Adalberto	22 Oct 1941	0720	Gotenhaven	22 Oct 1941	1727	Gotenhaven	90	Exercises.
	Giovannini, Adalberto	28 Oct 1941	0840	Gotenhaven	31 Oct 1941	2400+	Gotenhaven	736	Exercises. Probably returned on 1st November 1941.
	Giovannini, Adalberto	4 Nov 1941	0800	Gotenhaven	7 Nov 1941	1348	Gotenhaven	392	Exercises.
	Giovannini, Adalberto	11 Nov 1941	0747	Gotenhaven	13 Nov 1941	1642	Gotenhaven	362	Exercises.
	Giovannini, Adalberto	18 Nov 1941	0800	Gotenhaven	21 Nov 1941	0930	Gotenhaven	397	Exercises.
	Giovannini, Adalberto	24 Nov 1941	0800	Gotenhaven	28 Nov 1941	0932	Gotenhaven	528	Exercises.
	Giovannini, Adalberto	2 Dec 1941	0839	Gotenhaven	4 Dec 1941	2120	Gotenhaven	434,5	Exercises.
	Giovannini, Adalberto	28 Jan 1942	0832	Gotenhaven	28 Jan 1942	1518	Neufahrwasser	31,5	Passage Gotenhaven-Danzig.
	Giovannini, Adalberto	12 Feb 1942	0925	Neufahrwasser	12 Feb 1942	1150	Danzig	2,5	Passage Neufahrwasser-Danzig.
	Giovannini, Adalberto	13 Apr 1942	0800	Danzig	13 Apr 1942	1708	Danzig	60,4	Trials.
	Giovannini, Adalberto	16 Apr 1942	0824	Danzig	16 Apr 1942	1139	Gotenhaven	10	Passage Danzig-Gotenhaven.
	Giovannini, Adalberto	2 May 1942	0925	Gotenhaven	3 May 1942	1900	Kiel	350,8	Passage Gotenhaven-Kiel.
6	Giovannini, Adalberto	9 May 1942	0854	Kiel	10 May 1942	2145	Kristiansand	315,3	Passage Kiel-Kristiansand for eventual passage to Bordeaux. C.C. Gian Domenico Bruno was a passenger and was to have taken command of the submarine Pietro Calvi, but he actually took over Reginaldo Giuliani.
6b	Giovannini, Adalberto	11 May 1942	0400	Kristiansand	23 May 1942	1400	Bordeaux	2807,4	Proceeding under escort off Skudesnes (Norway). At 1730 hours on 12th May, she left escort.
		13 May 1942	2202	61° 30'N, 2° 00'E	At 2202 hours, an aircraft was seen at 9,000 metres and the submarine dived.
		14 May 1942	1219	62° 15'N, 1° 50'E	At 1219 hours, a fast steamer was seen at 18-19,000 metres steering 065°. Giuliani turned away to avoid being seen.
		20 May 1942	1215	47° 30'N, 15° 00'W	At 1215 hours, a German 500-ton submarine was sighted steering 108°. Giuliani took evasive action but, at 1359 hours, the submarine was sighted again and exchanged recognition signals.
		20 May 1942	2126	46° 50'N, 12° 30'W	At 2126 hours, the same U-boat was sighted and exchanged again recognition signals.
		23 May 1942	0655	(0) Off Le Verdon.	At 0655 hours, while Giuliani was being escorted by a German minesweeper, a mine detonated 100 metres to starboard side.
		23 May 1942	0830	(0) Off Le Verdon.	At 0830 hours, while Giuliani was being escorted by a German minesweeper, a mine detonated 70 metres on the port side.
	Bruno, Giandomenico	18 Jun 1942	0905	Bordeaux	18 Jun 1942	1335	Le Verdon	46	Passage Bordeaux-Le Verdon.
	Bruno, Giandomenico	19 Jun 1942	0400	Le Verdon	19 Jun 1942	1237	La Pallice	68	Passage Le Verdon-La Pallice.
	Bruno, Giandomenico	20 Jun 1942	0745	La Pallice	20 Jun 1942	1030	La Pallice	6	Exercises.
	Bruno, Giandomenico	21 Jun 1942	0745	La Pallice	21 Jun 1942	1417	La Pallice	9	Exercises. On 22nd June 1942, the German minesweepers M-28 (KL Koch), M-27 and M-152 sailed from Royan, to clear the approaches of La Pallice in anticipation of Giuliani's departure.
7	Bruno, Giandomenico	24 Jun 1942	1634	La Pallice	3 Sep 1942	0750	Santander	10495,2	Patrolled south of the Bahamas. Carried eighteen torpedoes (eight forward and eight aft and two stored on deck forward) and 283 rounds of 12 cm). Following air attacks on 1 and 2 September 1942, the submarine was seriously damaged, C.C. Bruno was woundeds and T.V. Aredio Galzigna took over temporary command. The submarine was forced to take refuge in Santander (northern Spain).
		2 Jul 1942	0325	38° 45'N, 20° 04'W	At 0325 hours, a light was seen at the distance , Giuliani closed to 1,000 meters and recognised it as a Spanish vessel, similar to the German La Plata. The submarine turned away.
		16 Jul 1942	1545	27° 30'N, 61° 04'W (0) Approximately.	At 1545 hours, Giuliani intercepted an SOS from Rolindoncaster (sic). This was actually the American freighter Robin Doncaster who made the SOS at 0915 hours,then reporting she was being chased by a U-boat then by two U-boats in 28°06' N, 61°28' W. This position was about 330° - 42 miles from Giuliani, which was confirmed by radiogoniometry. The submarine altered course to intercept. The chase was interrupted by a bomber at 1938 hours (see other entry). The nearest U-boat to Robin Doncaster was U-161 (KL Albrecht Achilles) which was in German Grid DD 7876 (26°51'N, 65°14' W) at the time who did not mention any incident.
		16 Jul 1942	1938 1739Z (e)	28° 00'N, 61° 22'W	At 1938 hours, Giuliani was trying to close on "Rolindoncaster" (see 1545 hours entry) when a Boeing Flying Fortress bomber was sighted flying straight toward the submarine. Giuliani dived immediately. Three bombs exploded very close as she was passing the depth of 25 meters, but no damage was incurred. She escaped by going down to 90 meters and remained underwater until 0130 hours. This was actually Catalina P-6 (No. 2367) from VP-2 Squadron (based in Bermuda)piloted by Chief Machinist Mate Russel. It dropped three depth-charges some three minutes after the submarine had disappeared, a fourth was a dud. Only some oil was observed after the attack. Note: there was another air attack on that day at 1221Z hour, by Catalina P-2 (No. 2374) from the same squadron. It was piloted by Chief Machinist mate F.B. Haag and occurred in 28°30' N, 62°00' W. However, this attack was not on Giuliani.
		22 Jul 1942	1926 1915 (e)	23° 55'N, 62° 38'W (0) German Grid DO 6251.	At 1926 hours, Giuliani encountered U-571 (KL Helmut Möhlmann) who had sailed from La Rochelle. They exchanged recognition signals.
		23 Jul 1942	1700	23° 05'N, 60° 45'W (0) Italian Grid 2126/15.	At 1700 hours, Giuliani encountered the submarine Giuseppe Finzi. Finzi gave Giuliani 50 tons of fuel and 4.5 tons of water (figures are slightly different in Finzi's patrol report). The whole process took about seven hours.
		24 Jul 1942	1640+	22° 50'N, 60° 50'W	At 1640 hours, a smoke was sighted on the horizon. As it seemed to steer toward Giuliani, the submarine submerged. It appeared to be a 10,000-ton motorship. (Time not given) Two torpedoes (533mm) were fired from the bow tubes at a distance of 3,500 metres. One hit was heard after 5 minutes but the vessel did not appear to have been damaged and escaped at high speed in the mist. The result has not been confirmed.
		10 Aug 1942	0831 0345 (e)	9° 45'N, 38° 25'W	At 0330 hours, a steamer was sighted at a distance of 1,000 metres. The submarine was in a prohibited zone and had to request authorisation to attack from BETASOM, which was granted at 0704 hours. At 0831 hours, two torpedoes were fired from the forward tubes at a distance of 1,700 metres. C.C. Bruno decided to hurry his attack as dawn was breaking and he feared he might be spotted. One torpedo hit the vessel in the stern section, but she remained afloat and did not take a list. She made an SOS identifying her as the British Medon (5,915 GRT, built 1923). She had been zigzagging on a true 240° course at 10.75 knots, in ballast and bound from Capetown to New York via Trinidad. She had been struck in no. 5 hold and her crew had abandoned ship in four life boats. After two hours, the vessel did not appear to sink and some survivors reboarded her to take some stores. A third torpedo (533mm) was fired from a bow tube at 800 metres. It had an irregular course and missed. At about 1130 hours, as Medon was armed with a stern gun, Giuliani moved to a distance of 5,000 metres and began shelling her. The second round was observed to be a direct hit on the bridge. Thirty rounds were fired of which twenty-five were claimed to have hit. A fourth torpedo (450mm, W 200 type) was fired from a stern tube at a distance of 500 metres. It appeared to hit amidship but missed under (according to survivors it passed under the bow). At 1232 hours, a fifth torpedo (450mm, W 200 type) was fired from 700 metres. It hit the stern and Medon sank three minutes later. The entire crew of sixty-four survived. Nineteen survivors from one lifeboat were rescued by the Norwegian Tamerlane (17th August), another lifeboat was picked up by the Panamanian Rosemont (18th August), a third lifeboat by the Portuguese Luso and the fourth by the British schooner Millie Masher.
		12 Aug 1942	1840		At 1840 hours, a vessel, believed to be a decoy ship, was sighted on a westerly course. Giuliani gave chase until 2244 hours when she disappeared at high speed.
		13 Aug 1942	2030 1935 GMT (e)	9° 31'N, 33° 47'W	At 1730 hours, a steamer was observed on a westerly course. As she was in a restricted area, C.C. Bruno requested permission to attack from BETASOM. At 2030 hours, permission was granted and Giuliani closed to 800 metres and fired a pair of torpedoes (450 mm, W 200 type). Both appeared to have missed ahead after an irregular run, but survivors testified that one had actually hit, but failed to explode. The vessel made an SOS giving her identity as the American California (5,376 GRT, built 1920). She was carrying 4,000 tons of manganese from Bombay to New York via Capetown and Trinidad. At 2158 hours, the submarine surface and proceeded at full speed toward the target, opening fire with her deck gun. Thirty-seven rounds were fired. Survivors confirm that nearly twenty hit, but California did not sink, nor was she set afire despite the incendiary rounds from the Breda machine guns. At 2235 hours, Giuliani presented her stern and fired a torpedo (450mm, W 200 type) from 600 metres, it hit forward and California sank slowly. The crew abandoned ship in two lifeboats, each carrying nineteen survivors. At 1400 hours on 9 September, in German grid EJ 8573 (11°39' N, 24°09' W), U-459 (Georg von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff) came across one of the lifeboats and gave them provisions. One boat was picked up by the British City Of Cape Town and the other (eighteen survivors, one having died of exposure) was rescued by the Norwegian Talisman.
		14 Aug 1942	2040 1620 EWT (e)	10° 30'N, 33° 45'W	At 1400 hours, a smoke was sighted in 10°45' N, 33°45' W. Very shortly after, the two masts and funnel of a large steamer steering 290-320° was observed. Giuliani maneuvered to take a position ahead of her. At 1930 hours, the submarine closed, submerged to 60 metres, but the sea was very calm and C.C. Bruno had to be careful not to reveal his presence. It appeared to be an 8,000-ton steamer, armed with 120mm gun forward and a 76mm gun aft, four antiaircraft guns and a depth charge thrower. At 2040 hours, a pair of torpedoes were fired from bow tubes and one hit amidship and the vessel broke in two. This was the British Sylvia De Larrinaga (5,218 GRT, built 1925) bound for Baltimore from Capetown via Trinidad and carrying 2,000 tons of manganese ballast. At 2043 hours, Giuliani surfaced at about 700 metres from her. Despite her predicament, the freighter opened fire with her stern gun, forcing the submarine to dive quickly, but she sank ten minutes after being struck. Twenty-six survived and forty-three were killed or missing. The second torpedo had actually not left the tube and as Giuliani dived, it left the tube and exploded under the submarine's bow. C.C. Bruno was not immediately aware of the situation, as the interphone had broken down. The forward torpedo room was filled with gas from the torpedo, necessitating the crew to don masks. Breaking up noises from the sinking vessel were heard. At 2125 hours, the submarine surfaced and sighted nine lifeboats.
		1 Sep 1942	1112 1028 (e)	44° 49'N, 5° 05'W	At 1112 hours, a Sunderland was sighted at 3-4,000 metres. It attacked and was met by antiaircraft fire from Giuliani's deck and Breda guns. It was observed to release ten or twelve bombs, but they fell wide and did not damage the submarine. This was Sunderland 'U' of 10 Squadron (RAAF), piloted by Flight Lieutenant S.R.C. Wood, which strafed the submarine but actually dropped only four 250-lb depth-charges. At 1117 hours, another Sunderland appeared and also attacked the submarine. This was Sunderland 'R' of the same squadron, piloted by Flight Lieutenant H.G. Pockley. It attacked the submarine, releasing two 250-lb bombs on the first run and a third on the second run. It also strafed the submarine. C.C. Bruno and rating Alfonso Ruocco were wounded. Bruno, hit in the throat, was seriously wounded and bleeding profusely. His First Officer, T.V. Aredio Galzigna, had to take over command. The Sunderland was also hit by the antiaircraft fire. At 1140 hours, a third bomber similar to a Sunderland appeared and attacked, but was repulsed by the antiaircraft fire of the submarine's four machine guns . Shortly after, one of the aircraft was hit and was later reported to have crashed in Spain. The identity of this aircraft has not been established and it is possible that the Giuliani report, with the confusion brought by the wounding of her commander, mixed up the attacks. At 1715 hours, an aircraft was seen which looked like a Junker 88. The submarine was expecting German fighter air cover but T.V. Galzigna did not take a chance and Giuliani dived and surfaced an hour later. At 1848 hours, another aircraft was seen at a great distance. A recognition signal was made but was not answered. The submarine dived and had reached a depth of 30 metres when she was shaken by the explosion of four depth charges. They caused only minor damages. This was Whitley 'Q' of 502 Squadron piloted by Flying Officer D.R, Fray . It had detected the submarine by A.S.V. radar at a distance of 5.5 miles. It attacked from a height of 70 feet and released six Torpex depth-charges, set to explode at a depth of 25 feet, but two hung up. The aircraft dropped smoke floats to mark the spot and left after 15 minutes. At 2335 hours, four signals were received informing Giuliani that a German escort could be expected during the night. She was told to meet them at 0100 hours on 2nd September in 44°45' N, 03°55' W. She replied that she could only be at 0900 hours in 44°55' N, 04°45' W.
		2 Sep 1942	1050	44° 55'N, 4° 45'W	At 1050 hours, five aircraft was seen and Giuliani dived. She had been at the rendezvous point to meet her German naval escort, but they had failed to show up. At 1155 hours, the submarine surfaced and resumed passage. In the meantime, three Junkers 88 had reported that they had failed to locate the submarine. They had not sighted enemy aircraft, but had observed three German minesweepers proceeding to the rendezvous. Visibility was excellent and two Junkers 88 later reported in action with a Sunderland.
		2 Sep 1942	1244 1140 (e)		At 1244 hours, an aircraft was sighted at 4,000 metres quickly closing. Giuliani could not maneuver very quickly as she was proceeding solely on the port diesel (the starboard diesel was charging the batteries). The twin-engine bomber released four depth charges from a height of 30 metres and strafed the submarine. The depth charges exploded under Giuliani drenching her and causing serious damage as well as several leaks in the fuel tanks. At 1250 hours, the aircraft dropped another bomb, which missed by about 50 metres and heavily strafed the submarine. At 1304 hours, another bomb missed the submarine by 40 metres. During the strafing, two ratings fell over board and drowned, two were wounded and a machine gunner was injured. This was Wellington 'A' of 304 (Polish) Squadron piloted by Flying Officer Kucharski. It had sighted the submarine from a distance of 5-7 miles and dropped six 250-lb depth charges in the first run, one 250-lb A/S bomb on the second run, followed by another on a third run. The submarine did not return fire but two five-star red cartridges were observed (Giuliani had probably fired a recognition signal although this is not mentioned in her report). About ten men were in on deck in swimming trunks and some fell in the water when the aircraft machine gunned the submarine on five runs, expending some 2,500 rounds. At 1230Z hours, the Polish bomber, at the limit of its endurance, left the scene. Whitley 'T' of 502 Squadron was directed to the area but found nothing. Sunderland 'C' of 10 Squadron (RAAF) was to join the search, but could not comply.
7b	Gazzana Priaroggia, Gianfranco	4 Sep 1942	2200	Santander	4 Sep 1942	2200+	Santander		T.V. Gianfranco Gazzana arrived at 1230 hours on 4th September and briefly took over command. Attempted to sail for St. Jean de Luz at 2200 hours the same evening (from where the submarine chaser UJ-1408 was expected to escort her to Bordeaux) but was thwarted by the Spanish authorities. He then ceded command again to T.V. Aredio Galzigna.
7c	Galzigna, Aredio	8 Nov 1942	1600	Santander	11 Nov 1942	1225	Bordeaux	240,5	Passage Santander-Bordeaux escorted by two M-boote, two escort vessels and three Ju 88s.
	Corsi, Ferdinando	1 Feb 1943		Bordeaux	20 Feb 1943		Bordeaux		At Bordeaux. Change in command.
	Fraternale, Athos	20 Feb 1943		Bordeaux	30 Apr 1943		Bordeaux		At Bordeaux. Change in command.
	Tei, Mario	11 May 1943	1100	Bordeaux	11 May 1943	1600	Le Verdon		Passage Bordeaux-Le Verdon with submarine Tazzoli (date and time from C.C. Tei's memory).
	Tei, Mario	12 May 1943	1400	Le Verdon	12 May 1943	2000	Le Verdon		Sailed for La Pallice with Tazzoli, but had to turn back because of defects (date and time from C.C. Tei's memory).
	Tei, Mario	13 May 1943	1400	Le Verdon	14 May 1943	0000	La Pallice		Passage Le Verdon-La Pallice again with Tazzoli (date and time from C.C. Tei's memory).
8	Tei, Mario	16 May 1943	0900	La Pallice	20 May 1943	1850	La Pallice		Sailed for patrol with Tazzoli, but turned back because of defects (date and time from C.C. Tei's memory who reported her returning to La Pallice at 2100 hours on the 18th).
8b	Tei, Mario	23 May 1943	0800	Bordeaux	28 Jul 1943	1245	Sabang		Supply trip from Bordeaux to Singapore (130 tons). Two German passengers: Engine Expert Schmidt and Civil Engineer Lange. Reconstructed patrol report from C.C. Tei memory and various notes. On 10th July 1943, a document from BETASOM mentioned that she was believed lost, as she had made no signal since reporting on 17th June to be in 10°00'S, 06°00'W.
		3 Jun 1943	1150 1030 (e)	(0) 120 miles SW of Madeira (Giuliani).	At 1150 hours, Giuliani was surprised by a four-engine bomber, which emerged from a fog bank only 800 metres away. It strafed the submarine who replied with her machine guns. C.C. Tei took an opportune time to take his submarine into the fog bank and submerged. Two depth charges were heard but caused no damage. The aircraft was Liberator 'F' of 1st A/S Squadron (USAAF) operating from Fort Lyautey. It had discovered the submarine by radar as it was steering 253° at 12 knots. Of six intended depth charges, only one was released on the first run from a height of 75 feet. On the second run, all depth charges hung up but the submarine was strafed. During the third and last run, two depth charges were dropped, but another two hung up. There was no evidence of damage. MARICOSOM was informed of the attack by intercepting an enemy signal reporting that it had occurred at 1130 hours in 30°00' N, 21°10' E (later corrected to W). They estimated Giuliani's position at 0900 hours as 30°00' N, 22°30' W.
		17 Jun 1943	0800-1200	9° 30'S, 6° 30'W	From 0800 to 1200 hours, Giuliani cruised in the area where she was to meet Tazzoli. The latter failed to show up and Giuliani resumed her original course.
		21 Jul 1943	1130		At 1130 hours, a steamer was sighted steering toward Ceylon at a distance of 15,000 metres. The same day, Giuliani managed to contact the sloop Eritrea after 35 days of attempts.
8c	Tei, Mario	29 Jul 1943	1900	Sabang	1 Aug 1943	1200	Singapore		Passage from Sabang to Singapore escorted by sloop Eritrea (date and time from C.C. Tei's memory).
	Tei, Mario	5 Sep 1943		Singapore	5 Sep 1943		Singapore		Embarked 100 tons of rubber and 99 tons of other materials and sailed out for trials.
	Tei, Mario	9 Sep 1943		Singapore	9 Sep 1943		Singapore		Seized by the Japanese and later transferred to German Navy as UIT-23. The KTB of BdU of 27th January 1944, has the following entry: "No suitable Commander available in Penang for UIT-23. Boat remains in Penang until the arrival of a boat from home that can transfer an officer onto UIT-23 as Commander".
		14 Feb 1944		Shonan (Singapore)	15 Feb 1944	0822	Sunk		Sailed for Penang. Torpedoed by the British submarine HMS Tally-Ho in the Malacca Straits (thirty-four Germans and five Italians were killed, two Italians and twelve Germans including OL Striegler and were picked up by two Arados 196). Note: the Japanese had renamed Singapore "Shonan" (Light of the South).

99 entries. 78 total patrol entries (8 marked as war patrols) and 29 events.

All Italian submarines

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