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Notable events involving O 21 include:

The wartime history of HrMs O 21 as compiled on this page is extracted from O 21's patrol reports and logbooks and was compiled in October 2011. This information was obtained during research at the British National Archives in London and the Dutch National Archives in The Hague. Corrections and details regarding information from the enemy's side (for instance the composition of convoys attacked) is kindly provided by Mr. Platon Alexiades, a naval researcher from Canada. Mr. Lorenzo Colombo, from Italy, sent in some corrections regarding the attack on the 'Ernesto' convoy of 29 July 1941.

This page was last updated in March 2021.

17 Jan 1940
O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted trials off Flushing.

Severe leaks occurred in the diesel exhaust tubes during a test dive. (1)

18 Jan 1940
O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted trials off Flushing.

Problems were experienced with the amidships external torpedo tubes which could not be turned out completely. (1)

19 Jan 1940
O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted trials off Flushing.

Again problems were experienced with the amidships external torpedo tubes which still could not be turned out completely. The cause of the problem was however noticed and on return to harbour repairs were made. (1)

9 Feb 1940
O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted trials off Flushing. (1)

26 Feb 1940
O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted trials off Flushing. (1)

27 Feb 1940
O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted trials off Flushing. (1)

28 Feb 1940
O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted trials off Flushing. (1)

29 Feb 1940
O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted trials off Flushing. (1)

1 Mar 1940
O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted trials off Flushing. (1)

4 Mar 1940
O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted trials off Flushing. (1)

7 Mar 1940
O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted torpedo discharge trials off Den Helder. (1)

7 Mar 1940
Around 0800 hours, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed Flushing for Den Helder where she arrived around 1740 hours. She was joined shortly after 1600 hours by HrMs Nautilus (Lt.Cdr. J.A. Gauw, RNN) which then escorted her in.

[Time kept in the Netherlands at this time was GMT + 20 minutes.] (1)

8 Mar 1940
O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted torpedo discharge trials off Den Helder. (1)

11 Mar 1940
O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted torpedo discharge trials off Den Helder. (1)

12 Mar 1940
O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted torpedo discharge trials off Den Helder. (1)

13 Mar 1940
O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted torpedo discharge trials off Den Helder. (1)

15 Mar 1940
O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted gunnery trials off Den Helder. (1)

16 Mar 1940
O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted torpedo discharge trials off Den Helder. (1)

18 Mar 1940
O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted torpedo discharge trials off Den Helder. (1)

20 Mar 1940
Around 0730 hours, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed Den Helder for Flushing where she arrived around 1615 hours. She was joined around 1000 hours by HrMs Z 7 (Lt.Cdr. H. Witte, RNN) which then escorted her until around 1450 hours.

[Time kept in the Netherlands at this time was GMT + 20 minutes.] (1)

21 Mar 1940
O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted trials off Flushing. (1)

26 Mar 1940
O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted trials off Flushing. (1)

27 Mar 1940
O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted trials off Flushing. (1)

28 Mar 1940
O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted trials off Flushing. (1)

29 Mar 1940
O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted trials off Flushing. (1)

30 Mar 1940
O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted trials off Flushing.

On completion of this final day of trials she returned to the shipyard for repairs and to complete outstanding work before she could be commissioned. This work was still not completed when Germany invaded The Netherlands on 10 May 1940. It had been anticipated that O 21 would be commissioned on or around 10 June 1940. (2)

7 May 1940
In the afternoon, around 1430 hours, the submarines O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) and O 22 (Lt.Cdr. A.M. Valkenburg, RNN) which are completing at the Royal Schelde shipyard at Flushing are ordered to be ready to departed in 48 hours due to fear for a German invasion of The Netherlands. (3)

10 May 1940
At 0215 hours O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) and O 22 (Lt.Cdr. A.M. Valkenburg, RNN) are ordered to make ready to departed immediately.

Both submarines, though not completely finished yet, were placed in commission in the afternoon following which they departed Flushing for the Downs around 2015 hours. The submarines are escorted by auxiliary patrol vessel HrMs BV 37 (former tug Schelde) (Lt. A.J. Meijer, RNN(R)). (2)

11 May 1940
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN), HrMs O 22 (Lt.Cdr. A.M. Valkenburg, RNN) and their escort HrMs BV 37 (former tug Schelde) (Lt. A.J. Meijer, RNN(R)) arrived in the Downs from Flushing. The submarines then anchored to await further orders. Later that morning the anchored off Ramsgate. HrMs BV 37 returned to Flushing though. (1)

12 May 1940
Around 0800A/12, the unfinished light cruiser HrMs Jacob van Heemskerck (Lt.Cdr. A. van Foreest, RNN), minesweeper HrMs Jan van Gelder (Lt. P.L.M. van Geen, RNN), submarine HrMs O 13 (Lt.Cdr. E.H. Vorster, RNN) and the unfinished submarines HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) and HrMs O 22 (Lt.Cdr. A.M. Valkenburg, RNN) departed the Downs for Portsmouth where they arrived around 2000A/12. (4)

3 Jun 1940
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted trials and exercises in Spithead. (2)

4 Jun 1940
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) is wiped at Gosport (Porsmouth). (2)

5 Jun 1940
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted D/G trials off Portsmouth followed by trials and exercises in Spithead. (2)

7 Jun 1940
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted compass adjustment trials in Spithead. (2)

8 Jun 1940
After completing the outfitting of both brand new submarines at the Royal Navy submarine base at Gosport (Portsmouth), HMS Dolpin, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) and HrMs O 22 (Lt.Cdr. J.W. Ort, RNN) both depart from Portsmouth around 1000A/8 for Portland where they arrived around 1700A/8

At Portland both submarines were to conduct trials and exercises before they would be ready to be deployed operationally. (1)

11 Jun 1940
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) and HrMs O 22 (Lt.Cdr. J.W. Ort, RNN) both conducted exercises off Portland. (1)

12 Jun 1940
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) and HrMs O 22 (Lt.Cdr. J.W. Ort, RNN) both conducted exercises off Portland. (1)

13 Jun 1940
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted exercises off Portland. (1)

14 Jun 1940
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted exercises off Portland. (1)

17 Jun 1940
Around 1100A/17, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) and HrMs O 22 (Lt.Cdr. J.W. Ort, RNN) both departed from Portland for Dundee.

They are escorted by Dutch torpedo boat HrMs Z 5 (Lt.Cdr. W. van Lier, RNN).

Around 1115A/18, they arrived at Milford Haven which they departed around 1215A/19 to continue their passage.

Around 1110A/20, they arrived at Belfast which they departed around 1630A/20 to continue their passage.

Around 1315A/21, they arrived at Stornoway which they departed around 2100A/21 to continue their passage. (1)

22 Jun 1940
Around 2100A/22, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) and HrMs O 22 (Lt.Cdr. J.W. Ort, RNN) and their escort HrMs Z 5 (Lt.Cdr. W. van Lier, RNN) arrived Dundee from Portland. (1)

26 Jun 1940
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted exercises off the Tay estuary. (1)

27 Jun 1940
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted exercises off the Tay estuary. (1)

29 Jun 1940
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) and HrMs O 22 (Lt.Cdr. J.W. Ort, RNN) proceeded from Dundee to Rosyth. (1)

30 Jun 1940
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) and HrMs O 22 (Lt.Cdr. J.W. Ort, RNN) both conducted noise trials in the lock to the Rosyth Dockyard.

Results were very satisfactory, both submarines gave more or less the same results and they were quieter then the new British T-class submarines. (2)

1 Jul 1940
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) and HrMs O 22 (Lt.Cdr. J.W. Ort, RNN) proceeded from Rosyth to Dundee. (1)

2 Jul 1940
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) and HrMs O 22 (Lt.Cdr. J.W. Ort, RNN) both conducted exercises off Dundee with HMS White Bear (Capt. R. Gill, RNR). (2)

3 Jul 1940
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) and HrMs O 22 (Lt.Cdr. J.W. Ort, RNN) both conducted attack exercises off Dundee during which HMS White Bear (Capt. R. Gill, RNR) and HrMs Z 5 (Lt.Cdr. W. van Lier, RNN) acted as targets. (1)

6 Jul 1940
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) and HrMs O 22 (Lt.Cdr. J.W. Ort, RNN) proceeded from Dundee to Rosyth where they are both docked in No.2 graving dock at the Rosyth Dockyard.

Both were taken in hand for some modifications. (1)

28 Jul 1940
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) and HrMs O 22 (Lt.Cdr. J.W. Ort, RNN) were both undocked at the Rosyth Dockyard. (5)

29 Jul 1940
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) and HrMs O 22 (Lt.Cdr. J.W. Ort, RNN) both conducted exercises off Rosyth.

HrMs Z 8 (Lt.Cdr. P.A. de Boer, RNN) escorted them during their exercises. (1)

30 Jul 1940
Around 1900A/30, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) and HrMs O 22 (Lt.Cdr. J.W. Ort, RNN) both depart from Rosyth for their 1st war patrols.

Both are to patrol in the central North Sea. For both submarines this was a work-up patrol.

Around 0515A/31, they parted company to proceed to their respective patrol areas.

For the daily and attack positions of HrMs O 21 during this patrol see the map below.

(6)

1 Aug 1940
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) fired two torpedoes at the German U-boat U-60 in the North Sea in position 55°34'N, 02°18'E. Both torpedoes missed their target. The attack was not observed on board U-60.

1602A/1 - Sighted conning tower of small German U-boat bearing 190°. Distance 3 to 4 nautical miles. Started attack. Enemy course was estimated as being 350°.

1615A/1 - Fired two torpedoes from 1600 to 1700 yards. Both torpedoes missed their target. No end of run explosions were heard. (7)

9 Aug 1940
In the afternoon, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) and HrMs O 22 (Lt.Cdr. J.W. Ort, RNN) both ended their 1st war patrols at Dundee. (8)

24 Aug 1940
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted exercises off the Tay estuary. (1)

28 Aug 1940
Around 1830A/28, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed from Dundee for her 2nd war patrol. She was ordered to patrol off the Norwegian coast near Bergen.

For the daily positions of HrMs O 21 during this patrol see the map below.

(6)

9 Sep 1940
Around 2300A/9, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) left patrol to return to Dundee in compliance with the orders in Capt. S 9's signal timed 1831A/8.

At 0248A/10, a signal was sent to Capt. S 9 informing him of O 21 having left patrol. (6)

12 Sep 1940
Around 0900A/12, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) ended her 2nd war patrol, which had been uneventful, at Dundee. (9)

21 Sep 1940
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted compass adjustment trials off Dundee. (10)

22 Sep 1940
Around 1730A/22, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed from Dundee for her 3rd war patrol. She was ordered to patrol off the south-west coast of Norway.

For the daily positions of HrMs O 21 during this patrol see the map below.

(6)

30 Sep 1940
Around 2100A/30, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed her patrol area to proceed to a new patrol area off Bergen, Norway having been ordered to do so in a signal from Capt. S 9. (6)

6 Oct 1940
At 0930A/6, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) heard HE bearing 235° and subsequently sighted what was thought to be a German type 7 submarine proceeding eastwards. Range was about 4 nautical miles. The weather conditions made it very difficult for periscope observation. Four bow torpedo tubes were brought to the ready and an attack was started.

By 0952A/6, the HE of the enemy ceased and she could no longer be seen so the attack was abandoned.

This German U-boat must have been the type 2 boat U-61. She arrived at Bergen at 1650B/6. The German U boat reported no enemy contact around this time though.

Around 2000A/6, HrMs O 21 left patrol due to fuel shortage. A signal of her early return was sent to Capt. S 9 at 0041A/7. (11)

8 Oct 1940
Around 1030A/8, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) ended her 3rd war patrol at Dundee.

The starboard main motor was defective and had to be removed for repairs. (6)

20 Oct 1940
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) is docked in the east graving dock at Dundee. (10)

27 Oct 1940
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) is undocked. (10)

24 Nov 1940
From 24 to 26 November, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted trials and exercises off the Tay estuary. (10)

28 Nov 1940
Around 1100A/28, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed from Dundee for her 4th war patrol. She was ordered to patrol off the south-west coast of Norway near Stavanger.

For the daily positions of HrMs O 21 during this patrol see the map below.

(6)

10 Dec 1940
Around 2130A/10, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) left patrol to return to Dundee. (9)

12 Dec 1940
Around 1100A/12, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) ended her 4th war patrol, which had been uneventful, at Dundee. (6)

19 Dec 1940
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) is wiped (degaussed) at Dundee. (12)

24 Dec 1940
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted trials with firing English torpedoes off the Tay eastuary. She was escorted by HMS White Bear (Cdr.(Retd.) C.C. Flemming, RN). (12)

26 Dec 1940
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted trials with firing English torpedoes off the Tay eastuary. (12)

28 Dec 1940
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted compass adjustment trials at Dundee. (12)

29 Dec 1940
Around 1400A/29, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed from Dundee for her 5th war patrol. She was ordered to patrol off the coast of Norway near Bergen.

For the daily positions of HrMs O 21 during this patrol see the map below.

(6)

10 Jan 1941
Around 0830A/10, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) left patrol to return to Dundee. (9)

12 Jan 1941
Around 1030A/12, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) ended her 5th war patrol, which once again had been uneventful, at Dundee. (6)

14 Jan 1941
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) is wiped (degaussed) at Dundee. (12)

15 Jan 1941
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) is wiped (degaussed) at Dundee. (12)

27 Jan 1941
Around 1700A/27, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed from Dundee for her 6th war patrol. She was ordered, once again, to patrol off the coast of Norway near Bergen.

For the daily positions of HrMs O 21 during this patrol see the map below.

(6)

8 Feb 1941
Around 1910A/8, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) left patrol to return to Dundee. (6)

10 Feb 1941
Around 1200A/10, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) ended her 6th war patrol at Dundee. The patrol had once again been unsuccessful. Only fishing vessels had been seen. (6)

23 Feb 1941
Around 1400A/23, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) and HrMs O 23 (Lt.Cdr. G.B.M. van Erkel, RNN) both departed Dundee bound for Gibraltar (This is the 7th war patrol for O 21).

The submarines were escorted by the British armed yacht HMS White Bear (Cdr.(Retd.) C.C. Flemming, RN) which joined around 1540A/23.

Around 1335A/25, the Free French minesweeper FFS La Moqueuse took over the escort duties. (6)

23 Feb 1941
For the daily positions of HrMs O 21 during her 7th war patrol patrol see the map below.

26 Feb 1941
Around 0820A/26, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN), HrMs O 23 (Lt.Cdr. G.B.M. van Erkel, RNN) and their escort, FFS La Moqueuse, arrived at Holyhead. They departed again around 1900A/26. (6)

26 Feb 1941

Convoy OG 54.

This convoy was assembled to the west of the North Channel on 26 February 1941 and was made up of ships from four sections; the Milford Haven, Liverpool, Clyde and Oban sections.

The Milford Haven section (sailed 24 February 1941) was made up of the following merchant vessels;
Baron Kelvin (British, 3081 GRT, built 1924), Baron Lovat (British, 3395 GRT, built 1926), Charlbury (British, 4836 GRT, built 1940), Clare Lilley (British, 4969 GRT, built 1917), Hedera (Swedish, 2327 GRT, built 1900), King Neptune (British, 5224 GRT, built 1924), Polarsol (Norwegian (tanker), 10022 GRT, built 1939), Prome (British, 7043 GRT, built 1937), Rolf Jarl (Norwegian, 1917 GRT, built 1920), Solstad (Swedish, 1379 GRT, built 1924), Taberg (Swedish, 1392 GRT, built 1920), Tordene (British, 4271 GRT, built 1936) and Welsh Trader (British, 4974 GRT, built 1938).

The Liverpool section (sailed 25 February 1941) was made up of the following merchant vessels;
Avoceta (British, 3442 GRT, built 1923), Baltara (British, 3099 GRT, built 1918), British Tenacity (British (tanker), 8439 GRT, built 1939), Dimitrios G. Thermiotis (Greek, 4271 GRT, built 1906), Memphis (Egyptian, 2324 GRT, built 1920), Richard de Larrinaga (British, 5358 GRT, built 1929) and Trentino (British, 3079 GRT, built 1919). On departure from Liverpool this section was escorted by the sloop HMS Rochester (Lt.Cdr. C.B. Allen, RN) and the armed yacht HMS Philante (Capt.(Retd.) H.S. Bowlby, RN).

The Clyde section (sailed 26 February 1941) was made up of the following merchant vessels;
Alpera (British, 1777 GRT, built 1920), Baron Ruthven (British, 3178 GRT, built 1925), Bollsta (Norwegian, 1832 GRT, built 1934), Bur (Swedish, 1956 GRT, built 1919), Fina (British, 1378 GRT, built 1919), Kellwyn (British, 1464 GRT, built 1920), Leadgate (British, 2125 GRT, built 1925), Llancarvan (British, 4910 GRT, built 1937), Miguel de Larrinaga (British, 5231 GRT, built 1924), Nikoklis (Greek, 3576 GRT, built 1921), Pinzon (British, 1365 GRT, built 1922), Spero (Norwegian, 3619 GRT, built 1919), Stornest (British, 4265 GRT, built 1921) and Yorkmoor (British, 4457 GRT, built 1925). The rescue ship Zamalek (British, 1567 GRT, built 1921) was also part of this section.

The Oban section (sailed 26 February 1941) was made up of the following merchant vessels;
Antonio (British, 5225 GRT, built 1918), Baron Ramsay (British, 3650 GRT, built 1929), Biela (British, 5298 GRT, built 1918), Cortes (British, 1390 GRT, built 1919), Empire Fusilier (British, 5404 GRT, built 1921), Finland (British, 1375 GRT, built 1939), Lautaro (British, 6225 GRT, built 1915) and Wigry (Polish, 1893 GRT, built 1912).

On final assembly west of the North Channel on the 26th, the convoy was joined by the destroyers HMS Lincoln (Cdr. A.M. Sheffield, RN), HMS Keppel (Lt. R.J. Hanson, RN), HMS Venomous (Cdr. H.P. Henderson, RN), HMS Shikari (Lt.Cdr. H.N.A. Richardson, RN) and the corvettes HMS Dianella (T/Lt. J.G. Rankin, RNR), HMS Kingcup (Lt. R.A.D. Cambridge, RNR), HMS La Malouine (Lt.Cdr.(Retd.) R.W. Keymer, RN) and HMS Sunflower (Lt.Cdr. J.T. Jones, RNR) .

The Yorkmoor almost immediately returned to the Clyde, perhaps she did not even join the convoy.

Around 2000A/27, in position 56°30'N, 10°00'W, the Polarsol straggled from the convoy being unable to keep up. She arrived her destination, Aruba, Netherlands West Indies on 16 March 1941.

Around 0945A/27, in position 56°30'N, 09°30'W, the Wigry parted company with the convoy to return to the U.K. as the cargo had shifted.

Around 1330A/27, in position 56°35'N, 10°30'W, the Memphis had to stop and leave the convoy due engine trouble. At 0510A/28, Memphis reported that she was in destress in position 56°24'N, 09°50'W and that she required assistance. At 0528A/28, the C-in-C Western Approaches ordered the corvette HMS Coreopsis (Lt.Cdr. A.H. Davies, RNVR) to go to her assistance. At 1120A/28, Memphis reported that water was entering the engine room and that the level was increasing. The fires of the boilers were out. She also reported that she had picked up part of the crew of the torpedoed merchant vessel Benjamin Franklin and that with these survivors on board there was insufficient lifeboat capacity. At 1941A/28, Memphis made an S.O.S. signal in position 56°08'N, 09°28'W. The engine room was full of water and the stern was nearly under water. This was the last heard of the Memphis. No survivors were found.

On 28 February 1941, HMS Kingcup parted company.

The Empire Fusilier arrived at Oban on 1 March 1941 after having straggled from the convoy. Her master apparently having decided to return to the U.K.

During 2 March 1941, in heavy weather the following ships straggled from the convoy; Antonio (arrived at Halifax on 14 March 1941), Clare Lilley (arrived at New York on 18 March 1941), Fina (arrived in the Clyde on 8 March 1941 having returned to the U.K. due to a leak. The destroyer HMS Rockingham (Lt. A.H.T. Johns, RN) had been sent to her assistance but could not find her), Hedera (arrived at Gibraltar on 13 March 1941), Solstad (arrived at Setubal on 10 March 1941) and Stornest (arrived at Buenos Aires on 4 April 1941).

Also on 2 March 1941, HMS Dianella, HMS Sunflower and HMS Philante parted company.

On 3 March 1941, HMS Keppel and HMS Venomous parted company.

On 4 March 1941, HMS Lincoln and HMS Shikari parted company.

On 5 March 1941, in position 51°25'N, 22°27'W, the Baltara stopped with engine defects due to flooding. The ship reported this in a signal at 0539Z/6. She was joined the next day by the A/S trawler HMS St. Elstan (T/Lt. G. Butcher, RNVR) which reported at 1640Z/7 that the Baltara had 14 feet of water in the engine room but that the bulkheads were holding. Position was 50°21'N, 22°12'W. It was requested that a rescue tug be sent. The rescue tug Zwarte Zee was ordered to leave Campbelown and to proceed towards the stricken Baltara. The corvette HMS Heather (Cdr.(Retd.) J.G.C. Gibson, RN) was ordered to escort the rescue tug. However as the Zwarte Zee developed defect the rescue tug Thames was sent instead. Thames and HMS Heather departed Londonderry around 2200A/9. At 1430Z/11, HMS St. Elstan reported that Baltara's condition had not changed and that they were now in position 49°46'N, 23°42'W. The Baltara was successfully salvaged and arrived in Rothesay Bay on 17 March 1941.

Around 1400Z/5, in position 50°13'N, 22°45'W, the following ships were detached to proceed independently to their destinations; Alpera (arrived at St. Thomas on 23 March 1941), British Tenacity (arrived at Aruba on 21 March 1941), Dimitrios G. Thermiotis (arrived at Louisbourg, Nova Scotia, on 13 March 1941), King Neptune (arrived at Demerara, Guyana on 23 March 1941), Lautaro (arrived at Bermuda on 19 March 1941), Richard de Larrinaga (arrived at Halifax on 14 March 1941) and Spero (arrived at Halifax on 18 March 1941).

Around 0800Z/7, in position 44°55'N, 23°00'W, the following ships were detached to proceed independently to their destinations; Biela (arrived at Rio de Janeiro on 29 March 1941), Charlbury (arrived at Montevideo on 29 March 1941), Llancarvan (arrived at Freetown on 22 March 1941), Miguel de Larrinaga (arrived at Buenos Aires on 3 April 1941), Nikoklis (arrived at Buenos Aires on 1 April 1941), Prome (arrived at Freetown on 15 March 1941), Tordene (arrived at Buenos Aires on 3 April 1941) and Welsh Trader (arrived at Capetown on 2 April 1941).

Around 0900Z/7, in approximate position 44°50'N, 22°40'W, the submarine HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm) sighed the convoy which she subsequently joined.

On 8 March 1941, the Zamalek arrived in the Clyde, most likely having detached from the convoy with some of the escort vessels [date of detaching not known to us at the moment.]

Around 2130A/13, in position 35°46'N, 06°23'W, the following ships were detached to proceed independently to their destinations; Baron Kelvin (arrived at Lisbon on 15 March), Bur (arrived at Lisbon on 20 (?) March), Finland (arrived at Lisbon on 15 March), Kellwyn (arrived at Sevilla on 14 March) and Taberg (arrived at Lisbon on 15 March).

The remainder of the convoy arrived at Gibraltar on 14 March 1941 escorted by HMS Rochester, HMS La Malouine and HrMs O 21. (13)

27 Feb 1941
Late in the afternoon, off Milford Haven, in approximate position 51°37'N, 05°28'W, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) and HrMs O 23 (Lt.Cdr. G.B.M. van Erkel, RNN) and their escort FFS La Moqueuse encountered the British merchant vessel Losada (6520 GRT, built 1921). As La Moqueuse was more than a mile behind both submarines the crew of the Losada thought the submarines were German U-boats and opened fire. To prevent being hit both submarines crash dived. The crew of La Moqueuse had not seen both submarines dive and was now also under the impression that a German U-boat was nearby and dropped three depth charges. O 21 was the target of the attack but sustains no damage. Both submarines surfaced shortly afterwards. (6)

28 Feb 1941
Around 0600A/28, having passed Trevose head and hour ago, FFS La Moqueuse parted company with HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) and HrMs O 23 (Lt.Cdr. G.B.M. van Erkel, RNN). (6)

5 Mar 1941
Around 1145A/5, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm) arrived in the agreed rendezvous position where she was to meet HMS La Malouine (Lt.Cdr.(Retd.) R.W. Keymer, RN) which was supposed to escort the submarine to the southbound convoy OG 54 which O 21 was to join.

After cruising in the rendezvous area until 2000A/5, HrMs O 21 then proceeded along the expected path of the convoy independently. (6)

7 Mar 1941
Around 0900Z/7, in approximate position 44°50'N, 22°40'W, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm) finally sighted and subsequently joined convoy OG 54.

[For more info on this convoy see the event ' Convoy OG 54 ' for 26 February 1941.] (6)

14 Mar 1941
Around 0730A/14, HMS Rochester (Lt.Cdr. C.B. Allen, RN), HMS La Malouine (Lt.Cdr.(Retd.) R.W. Keymer, RN) and HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) arrived at Gibraltar with convoy OG 54. (6)

27 Mar 1941
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) carried out A/S exercises off Gibraltar with HMS Alouette (Lt. R.F.R. Yarde-Buller, RNVR), HMS Erin (A/Cdr. J.O. Davies, RNR), HMS Lord Hotham (Skr. J.W. Morris, RNR) and HMS Leyland (Skr. H. Crighton, RNR). (14)

28 Mar 1941
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) carried out A/S exercises off Gibraltar with HMS Fortune (Lt.Cdr. E.N. Sinclair, RN), HMS Kingston Chrysolite (Skr. G.T. Lilley, DSC, RNR) and HMS Haarlem (T/Lt. L.B. Merrick, RNR). (14)

3 Apr 1941
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) carries out an A/S exercise off Gibraltar with HMS Fleur de Lys (Lt.Cdr. L.M. Carter, RNR) and HMS Coreopsis (Lt.Cdr. A.H. Davies, RNVR).

Upon completion of this exercise all three ships joined the escort of convoy HG 58 (for O 21 this was to be her 8th war patrol).

[For more info on this convoy see the event ' Convoy HG 58 ' for 3 April 1941.] (6)

3 Apr 1941
For the daily positions of HrMs O 21 during her 8th war patrol see the map below.

3 Apr 1941

Convoy HG 58.

This convoy departed Gibraltar on 3 April 1941.

The convoy was made up of the following merchant vessels;
Aghios Spyridon (Greek, 3338 GRT, built 1905), Avoceta (British, 3442 GRT, built 1923), Baron Kelvin (British, 3081 GRT, built 1924), Baron Lovat (British, 3395 GRT, built 1926), Baron Ramsay (British, 3650 GRT, built 1929), Baron Ruthven (British, 3178 GRT, built 1925), Ciscar (British, 2436 GRT, built 1919), Csikos (Panamanian, 3931 GRT, built 1913), Djambi (Dutch, 6984 GRT, built 1919), Domino (British, 1396 GRT, built 1925), Finland (British, 1375 GRT, built 1939), Garm (Swedish, 1231 GRT, built 1912), Glen Head (British, 2011 GRT, built 1909), Hedera (Swedish, 2327 GRT, built 1900), Kellwyn (British, 1464 GRT, built 1920), Leadgate (British, 2125 GRT, built 1925), Nadin (Greek, 3582 GRT, built 1904), Pinto (British, 1346 GRT, built 1928), Ring (Swedish, 1336 GRT, built 1927), Rolf Jarl (Norwegian, 1917 GRT, built 1920), Shuna (British, 1575 GRT, built 1937), Solstad (Swedish, 1379 GRT, built 1924), Wallsend (British, 3157 GRT, built 1937) and Willodale (British, 1777 GRT, built 1907).

The Royal Fleet Auxiliary (RFA) Bedenham (1192 GRT, built 1938) was also part of the convoy.

On departure from Gibraltar the convoy was escorted by the sloop HMS Egret (A/Capt. E.M. Haes, RN), corvettes HMS Asphodel (Lt.Cdr.(Retd.) K.W. Stewart, RN), HMS Azalea (Lt. G.C. Geddes, RNR), HMS Coreopsis (Lt.Cdr. A.H. Davies, RNVR), HMS Fleur de Lys (Lt.Cdr. L.M. Carter, RNR), A/S trawler HMS Arctic Ranger (Cdr.(Retd.) J.H. Young, RN) and the submarine HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN).

At dawn on the 4th a lot of ships had straggled from the convoy during the past night which had been very dark with occasional heavy rain. All ships had rejoined station by 1000A/4 except the Aghios Spyridon which only rejoined around dawn on 5 April but never regained her station and then straggled again.

At 1700A/6, HMS Asphodel parted company to proceed to Freetown.

On 9 April 1941, HMS Coreopsis was detached to return to Gibraltar. When she was 200 miles astern of the convoy she was to sent a signal to the Admiralty that the convoy was 48 hours ahead of schedule to to the favourable weather conditions and that the rendezvous for the local escort on approach to the U.K. had to be amended.

On 10 April 1941, HMS Azalea and HMS Fleur de Lys parted company to make rendezvous with HMS Coreopsis at 0900A/11 and then return to Gibraltar in company with each other.

Around 1600Z/12, in position 43°06'N, 21°35'W, HrMs O 21 was detached to convoy OG 58 proceeding from the U.K.to Gibraltar. HMS Arctic Ranger escorted her to the rendezvous and was then to rejoin convoy HG 58.

During the night of 14/15 April, HMS Arctic Ranger rejoined the convoy.

Around 0900Z/16, in position 52°00'N, 19°30'W, the destroyer HMS Verity (Cdr. R.H. Mills, RN) joined.

Around 1754Z/16, in position 52°00'N, 18°03'W, the destroyer HMS Chelsea (Lt.Cdr. R.D.H.S. Pankhurst, RN) joined.

At 0939Z/18, a large aircraft was seen approaching the convoy from astern which was subsequently identified as a German Focke Wulf aircraft. It dropped four bombs on the Csiskos which sustained damage and had some of her crew wounded one of which died from his wounds. HMS Chelsea closed her and took off two wounded for treatment.

At 1320Z/18, another Focke Wulf was seen approaching the convoy but now from ahead. HMS Egret opened fire with her bow 4" guns and the plane was driven off and was seen to retire to the southward without having dropped any bombs.

Around 1430Z/18, the medical officer of HMS Egret was transferred to HMS Chelsea for surgery on one of the two wounded of the Csiskos. The bullit was extracted but unfortunately the wounded man died.

Around 1800Z/18, the Csiskos reported that she was leaking badly. It was decided that she would leave the convoy and proceed at her best speed direct to Londonderry. A signal was also sent that a salvage tug should be sent to her assistance. An escort for her was also requisted as A/Capt. Haes considered it not wise to sent one of his ships with her. However as no additional escort was available, reluctantly HMS Chelsea was ordered to escort the damaged ship. The Csisko arrived at Lough Foyle on 19 April 1941.

Around 0500A/19, HMS Arctic Ranger was detached to take the five ships of the Oban section with her. These were the Baron Lovat, Baron Ramsay, Djambi, Shuna and Solstad. They arrived at Oban later the same day.

Around 1400A/19, HMS Egret left the convoy to fuel at Moville where she arrived around 1630A/19. There she met HMS Chelsea which was ordered to rejoin the convoy at once. rejoined the convoy around 0900A/20. Meanwhile the Belfast, Clyde and 'North of Mersey' sections had parted company with the convoy during the night. The Belfast section was made up of the Baron Kelvin, Finland, Garm, Hedera and Nadin which arrived in Belfast Lough on 20 April 1941. The Clyde section was made up of only the Glen Head which arrived in the Clyde on 20 April 1941. The 'North of Mersey' section was made up of the Leadgate, Wallsend, Willodale of which the first two arrived at Workington on 20 (or 21) April 1941 and the Willodale at Barrow-in-Furness on 20 April 1941.

The remainder of the convoy arrived at Liverpool on 20 April 1941 as did HMS Egret, HMS Chelsea and HMS Verity. (15)

8 Apr 1941

Convoy OG 58.

This convoy was assembled to the west of the North Channel on 8 April 1941 and was made up of ships from four sections; the Milford Haven, Liverpool, Clyde and Oban sections.

The Milford Haven section (sailed 5 April 1941) was made up of the following merchant vessels; Adjutant (British, 1931 GRT, built 1922), Baron Carnegie (British, 3178 GRT, built 1925), City of Dublin (British, 1095 GRT, built 1882), Empire Cormorant (British, 5760 GRT, built 1918), Flynderborg (Norwegian, 2022 GRT, built 1930), Forest (British, 4998 GRT, built 1937), Inverness (British, 4897 GRT, built 1940), Lanahrone (Irish, 1221 GRT, built 1928), Modavia (British, 4858 GRT, built 1927), Neva (Swedish, 1456 GRT, buil 1928), Senta (Swedish, 1497 GRT, built 1905), Sheaf Mount (British, 5017 GRT, built 1924) and Vanellus (British, 1886 GRT, built 1921).

The Liverpool section (sailed 6 April 1941) was made up of the following merchant vessels; Algerian (British, 2315 GRT, built 1924), Bifrost (Swedish, 1781 GRT, built 1923), Bruse Jarl (Norwegian, 1890 GRT, built 1923), Empire Kestrel (British, 2674 GRT, built 1919), Ilissos (Greek, 4724 GRT, built 1915), Norita (Swedish, 1516 GRT, built 1924), South Wales (British, 5619 GRT, built 1929), Torfinn Jarl (Norwegian, 1480 GRT, built 1922) and Ulla (British, 1575 GRT, built 1930).

The Clyde section (sailed 7 April 1941) was made up of the following merchant vessels; Brisk (Norwegian, 1594 GRT, built 1923), Caverock (British, 1332 GRT, built 1915), Empire Ridge (British, 2922 GRT, built 1941), Marga (Norwegian, 1583 GRT, built 1923), Marita (Norwegian, 1931 GRT, built 1919), Star (Norwegian, 1531 GRT, built 1922), Switzerland (British, 1290 GRT, built 1922) and Vassilios A. Polemis (Greek, 3429 GRT, built 1907). The rescue ship Toward (British, 1571 GRT, built 1923) also sailed from the Clyde.

The Oban section (sailed 7 April 1941) was made up of the following merchant vessels; Ashbury (British, 3901 GRT, built 1924), Blairesk (British, 3300 GRT, built 1925), Cape Corso (British, 3807 GRT, built 1929), Carperby (British, 4890 GRT, built 1928), Dover Hill (British, 5815 GRT, built 1918), Fidra (British, 1574 GRT, built 1936), Grodno (British, 2458 GRT, built 1919), Inger Toft (British (former German), 2190 GRT, built 1920), Melrose Abbey II (British, 2473 GRT, built 1936), Nesstun (Norwegian, 1271 GRT, built 1917) and Polyana (Norwegian, 2415 GRT, built 1919).

On final assembly the convoy was escorted by the destroyers HMS Watchman (Lt.Cdr. E.C.L. Day, RN), HMS Burwell (Lt.Cdr. S.R.J. Woods, RNR), sloops HMS Fleetwood (Cdr. R.W. Moir, RN), HMS Wellington (Lt.Cdr. W.F.R. Segrave, RN), corvettes HMS Amaranthus (Lt. N.B.J. Stapleton, RNR), HMS Arabis (Lt.Cdr. J.P. Stewart, RNR), HMS Heliotrope (Lt.Cdr. J. Jackson, RNR) and A/S trawlers HMS Northern Gem (Skr.Lt. W.J.V. Mullender, DSC, RNR) and HMS Northern Spray (?). The special service vessel HMS Fidelity (Cdr. C.A.M. Péri) and armed boarding vessel HMS Maron (Cdr. (Retd.) J.H. Blair, DSC, RD, RNR) were also with the convoy.

The Ashbury arrived back at Oban on 8 April 1941, after having been involved in a collision with a trawler. She later proceeded to the Clyde to effect repairs.

Around 1130A/9, the destroyer HMS Malcolm (Cdr. C.D. Howard-Johnston, DSC, RN) joined the convoy.

Around 0800Z/12, HMS Malcolm, HMS Watchman, HMS Burwell, HMS Fleetwood, HMS Arabis, HMS Heliotrope, HMS Northern Gem and HMS Northern Pride parted company with the convoy. The Toward also left the convoy with them.

Around 1000Z/12, the corvette HMS Primula (Lt.Cdr.(Retd.) J.H. Fuller, RNR) joined the convoy.

Around 0800Z/13, the ships with destinations in North America and the West Indies parted company with the convoy. These were the following; Baron Carnegie (arrived at Boston on 24 April 1941), Brisk (arrived at Demarara, Guyana on 28 April 1941), Empire Cormorant (arrived at New York on 28 April 1941), Flynderborg (arrived at St. John's, Newfoundland on 24 April 1941), Grodno (arrived at Barbados on 1 May 1941), Illisos (arrived at Halifax on 22 April 1941), Inger Toft (arrived at Weymouth, Nova Scotia on 23 April 1941), Inverness (arrived at Philadelphia on 25 April 1941), Marga (arrived at Demarara, Guyana on 28 April 1941), Marita (arrived at Halifax on 22 April 1941), Modavia (arrived at Saint John, New Brunswick on 21 April 1941), Nesstun (arrived at Halifax on 22 April 1941) and Star (arrived at Halifax on 22 April 1941).

Around 2028Z/13, in approximate position 47°27'N, 23°16'W [another source gives 47°21'N, 22°49'W] the submarine HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) joined the convoy.

Around 2200Z/14, in position 44°41'N, 22°43'W, the ships with destinations in South America and Africa parted company with the convoy. These were the following; Carperby (arrived at Freetown on 30 April 1941), Forest (arrived at Freetown on 28 April 1941), Norita (arrived at Bathurst on 24 April 1941), Polyana (destination was Freetown but she was torpedoed and sunk by the German U-boat U-103 on 25 April 1941), Sheaf Mount (arrived at Freetown on 29 April 1941), Ulla (arrived at Bathurst on 24 April 1941) and Vassilios A. Polemis (arrived at Freetown on 27 April 1941). HMS Amaranthus also parted company at this time. She arrived at Gibraltar on 18 April 1941.

Around 0700A/21, in position 35°50'N, 06°14'W, ships bound for Portugese and Spanish west coast ports parted company with the convoy. These were the following; Bifrost (arrived at Villa Real on 21 April 1941), Cape Corso (arrived at Cadiz on 21 April 1941), Empire Ridge (arrived at Lisbon on 22 April 1941), Fidra (arrived at Lisbon on 22 April 1941), Melrose Abbey II (arrived at Lisbon on 22 April 1941), Switzerland (arrived at Lisbon on 22 April 1941) and Torfinn Jarl (arrived at Seville on 22 April 1941).

The remainder of the convoy arrived at Gibraltar on 21 April 1941. (16)

12 Apr 1941
Around 1600Z/12, in position 43°05'N, 21°56'W [another source gives 43°06'N, 21°35'W], HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) leaves convoy HG 58 to join convoy OG 58. She was escorted to the rendezvous by HMS Arctic Ranger (Cdr.(Retd.) J.H. Young, RN). (6)

13 Apr 1941
Around 2028Z/13, near position 47°27'N, 23°16'W [another source gives 47°21'N, 22°49'W], HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) joins the escort of convoy OG 58. HMS Arctic Ranger (Cdr.(Retd.) J.H. Young, RN) then parted company to rejoin convoy HG 58.

[For more info in this convoy see the event ' Convoy OG 58 ' for 8 April 1941.] (6)

21 Apr 1941
HMS Wellington (Lt.Cdr. W.F.R. Segrave, RN), HMS Primula (Lt.Cdr.(Retd.) J.H. Fuller, RNR) and HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) arrived at Gibraltar with convoy OG 58. (6)

1 May 1941
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) carries out exercises off Gibraltar with HMS Faulknor (Capt. A.F. de Salis, RN) and HMS Azalea (Lt. G.C. Geddes, RNR). Later exercises are carried out with aircraft from HMS Ark Royal (Capt. L.E.H. Maund, RN). (17)

6 May 1941
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed from Gibraltar and joins the escort of convoy HG 61 (9th war patrol).

[For more info on this convoy see the event ' Convoy HG 61 ' for 6 May 1941.]

(6)

6 May 1941

Convoy HG 61.

This convoy departed Gibraltar on 6 May 1941.

On departure from Gibraltar the convoy was made up of the following merchant vessels;
Aguila (British, 3255 GRT, built 1917), Alva (British, 1584 GRT, built 1934), Auk (British, 1338 GRT, built 1921), Baron Cochrane (British, 3385 GRT, built 1927), Baron Stranraer (British, 3668 GRT, built 1929), Baron Yarborough (British, 3388 GRT, 1928), Bifrost (Swedish, 1781 GRT, built 1923), Bruse Jarl (Norwegian, 1890 GRT, built 1923), Cape Corso (British, 3807 GRT, built 1929), Caverock (British, 1332 GRT, built 1915), City of Lancaster (British, 3041 GRT, built 1924), Empire Ridge (British, 2922 GRT, built 1941), Empire Tern (British, 2479 GRT, built 1919), Fort Richepanse (British (former French), 3485 GRT, built 1935), Lanahrone (Irish, 1221 GRT, built 1928), Marklyn (British, 3090 GRT, built 1918), Meta (British, 1578 GRT, built 1931), Milos (Swedish, 3058 GRT, built 1898), Pinzon (British, 1365 GRT, built 1922), Sarastone (British, 2473 GRT, built 1929), South Wales (British, 5619 GRT, built 1929) and Torfinn Jarl (Norwegian, 1480 GRT, built 1922).

On departure from Gibraltar the convoy was escorted by the sloop HMS Sandwich (Lt.Cdr.(Emgy.) R.C. Gervers, RN), corvettes HMS Azalea (Lt. G.C. Geddes, RNR), HMS Geranium (T/Lt. A. Foxall, RNR), HMS Joinquil (Lt.Cdr. R.E.H. Partington, RNR) and submarine HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN).

Around 0700A/7, in position 34°51'N, 08°24'W, and the special service vessel HMS Fidelity (Cdr. C.A.M. Péri) joined the convoy.

Around 2130Z/12, in position 41°54'N, 21°54'W, HMS Azalea, HMS Geranium and HMS Jonquil parted company with the convoy to join convoy OG 61.

Around 0600Z/13, in position 42°51'N, 22°00'W, HrMs O 21 parted company to join convoy OG 61.

Around 0740Z/13, the armed boarding vessel Hilary (Cdr. T.L. Owen, RD, RNR) joined the convoy. With her was the Italian tanker

Gianna M. (5703 GRT, built 1913) which HMS Hilary had captured the Gianna M. north of the Azores on 10 May 1941.

Around 1130Z/14, the armed boarding vessels Cavina (Cdr. C.B. Osborne, RD, RNR) and HMS Corinthian (A/Cdr. E.J.R. Pollitt, RNR) joined the convoy.

Around 1700Z/14, in position 47°04'N, 21°42'W, HMS Hilary parted company with the convoy.

Around 1930Z/15, in position 49°53'N, 21°31'W, the destroyer HMS Legion (Cdr. R.F. Jessel, RN) joined the convoy.

Around 1545Z/16, in position 52°23'N, 21°14'W, the destroyers HMS Vanquisher (Cdr. N.V. Dickinson, DSC, RN) and HMS Winchelsea (Lt.Cdr. W.A.F. Hawkins, DSC, RN), sloop HMS Londonderry (Cdr. J.S. Dalison, RN), corvettes HMS Campanula (Lt.Cdr. R.V.E. Case, DSC and Bar, RD, RNR), HMS Freesia (Lt.Cdr. T.P.G. Crick, RN), HMS Gentian (Lt.Cdr. R.O. Yeomans, RD, RNR), HMS Pimpernel (Lt. F.H. Thornton, RNR) and HMS Rhododendron (Lt.Cdr. W.N.M. Faichney, DSO, RNR) joined the convoy. The rescue ship Zaafaran (British, 1559 GRT, built 1921) joined the convoy later that day.

Around 2140Z/17, the destroyer HMS Reading (Lt.Cdr. D.V. Clift, RN) joined the convoy.

At 1030Z/18, an enemy aircraft was seen and three minutes later bombs were dropped close to the Fort Richepanse and the Gianna M.. Both sustained some minor damage. Two more air attacks were carried out on this day but the bombs dropped all exploded well away from the convoy.

At 0324B/19, in position 54°57'N, 11°10'W [British source] 54°47'N, 11°10'W [German source], the Empire Ridge was torpedoed and sunk by the German submarine U-96. HMS Vanquisher picked up the only two survivors which were subsequently transferred to HMS Legion.

Around 2300B/19, the ' Oban ' portion of the convoy was detached. This was made up of the following merchant vessels; Baron Cochrane, Baron Yarborough, Bifrost, Cape Corso, Marklyn and Meta.

Around 0530B/20, in position 55°31'N, 06°33'W, HMS Vanquisher and HMS Winchelsea parted company to proceed to Londonderry to fuel after which they were to proceed to Liverpool.

Around 0635B/20, in position 55°27'N, 06°45'W, the Zaafaran parted company to proceed ahead of the convoy to the Clyde.

Around 0700B/20, in position 55°25'N, 06°27'W, HMS Cavina and HMS Corinthian parted company to proceed ahead of the convoy to the Clyde.

Around 1005B/20, the ' Clyde ' portion of the convoy was detached. This was made up of the following merchant vessels; Aguilla, Auk, Baron Stranraer, Caverock, City of Lancaster and Sarastone.

The remainder of the convoy proceeded onwards.

The following ships arrived at Belfast Lough on 20 May 1941; Empire Tern, Fort Richepanse, Gianna M., Lanahrone, Pinzon and South Wales.

The Alva arrived at Workington on 21 May 1941.

The following ships arrived at Barrow-in-Furness on 21 May 1941; Bruse Jarl and Milos.

The Torfinn Jarl arrived arrived at Liverpool on 21 May 1941.

Of the escort HMS Londonderry arrived at Londonderry on 20 May 1941 and HMS Legion arrived in the Clyde also 20 May 1941.

All remaining escorts arrived at Liverpool on 21 May 1941. (18)

6 May 1941

Convoy OG 61.

This convoy was assembled to the west of the North Channel on 6 May 1941 and was made up of ships from four sections; the Milford Haven, Liverpool, Clyde and Oban sections.

The Milford Haven section (sailed 4 May 1941) was made up of the following merchant vessels;
Baron Kelvin (British, 3081 GRT, built 1924), Berto (Norwegian, 1493 GRT, built 1918), Helder (Dutch, 3629 GRT, built 1920), Jobshaven (Dutch, 3528 GRT, built 1916), Kellwyn (British, 1464 GRT, built 1920), Leadgate (British, 2125 GRT, built 1925), Michalios (Greek, 3742 GRT, built 1908), Peleus (Greek, 4695 GRT, built 1928), Philipp M. (British, 2085 GRT, built 1924), Scania (Swedish, 1980 GRT, built 1901), Taygetos (British, 4295 GRT, built 1918) and Willodale (British, 1777 GRT, built 1907).

On departure from Milford Haven this section was escorted by the escort destroyer HMS Viceroy (Lt.Cdr. D.P. Trentham, RN) and the A/S trawler HMS Huddersfield Town (Skr. J.H. Consadine, RNR).

The Liverpool section (sailed 5 May 1941) was made up of the following merchant vessels;
Baron Ruthven (British, 3178 GRT, built 1925), Daleby (British, 4640 GRT, built 1929), Parthenon (Greek, 3189 GRT, built 1908) and Runa (British, 1575 GRT, built 1930).

On departure from Liverpool this section was escorted by the sloop HMS Scarborough (Lt. A.P. Northey, DSC, RN).

The British Coast (British, 889 GRT, built 1934) joined coming from Preston.

Around 0900B/6, the Milford Haven and Liverpool sections joined company after which HMS Viceroy and HMS Huddersfield Town were detached to Belfast Lough.

Around 1500B/6, the Clyde section of the convoy joined. This was made up of the following merchant vessels;
Alberte le Borgne (British, 3921 GRT, built 1914), Cliona (British (tanker), 8375 GRT, built 1931), Gard (Norwegian (tanker), 8259 GRT, built 1938), Garm (Swedish, 1231 GRT, built 1912), Lapland (British, 1330 GRT, built 1936), Maaskerk (Dutch, 4343 GRT, built 1929), Miralda (British (tanker), 8013 GRT, built 1936), Nicolas (Greek, 4540 GRT, built 1910), Perth (British, 2259 GRT, built 1915) and Wallsend (British, 3157 GRT, built 1937).

Around 1800B/6, the Oban section of the convoy joined. This was made up of the following merchant vessels;
Bonde (Norwegian, 1570 GRT, built 1936), Cervantes (British, 1810 GRT, built 1916), Empire Steelhead (British, 7744 GRT, built 1920), Gothland (British, 1286 GRT, built 1932), Hawkinge (British, 2475 GRT, built 1924), Hindsholm (British, 1512 GRT, built 1922), Leka (Norwegian, 1599 GRT, built 1922), Lewant (Polish, 1942 GRT, built 1930), Lissa (British, 1511 GRT, built 1927), Pennington Court (British, 6098 GRT, built 1924), Rhineland (British, 1381 GRT, built 1922), Sire (British, 5664 GRT, built 1938), Umberleigh (British, 4950 GRT, built 1927), Urbino (British, 5198 GRT, built 1918) and Vestland (Norwegian, 1934 GRT, built 1916).

Around 2000B/6, the destroyers HMS Keppel (Cdr. A.M. Sheffield, RN), HMS Lincoln (Lt. R.J. Hanson, RN), HMS Sabre (Lt. Sir P.W. Gretton, DSC, RN), sloop HMS Fleetwood (Cdr. R.W. Moir, RN), corvettes HMS Alisma (A/Lt.Cdr. M.G. Rose, RANVR), HMS Dianella (T/Lt. J.G. Rankin, RNR), HMS Kingcup (Lt. R.A.D. Cambridge, RNR) and the A/S trawlers HMS Man o' War (T/Lt. W.W. Creber, RNR) and HMS Wellard (Lt.(Retd.) R.F. Turnbull, RD, RNR) joined.

Between 0700B/9 and 0745B/9, a German Focke Wulf Condor aircraft was seen circling the convoy. HMS Fleetwood and HMS Sabre both opened fire on it.

At 2230B/9, in position 52°24'N, 19°00'W, HMS Fleetwood, HMS Alisma, HMS Dianella, HMS Kingcup, HMS Man o' War and HMS Wellard parted company to make rendezvous with and join convoy SL 72. They also took rescue ship Perth with them.

Around 0900B/10, in position 51°07'N, 19°00'W, HMS Keppel, HMS Lincoln and HMS Sabre parted company. These were also to join convoy SL 72. HMS Scarborough was now the sole escort of the convoy.

Around 0730B/11, in position 48°20'N, 19°20'W, the following ships parted company with the convoy;
Baron Ruthven (arrived at Sydney, Nova Scotia, on 21 May 1941), Berto (arrived at Halifax on 21 May 1941), Bonde (arrived at Montreal on 24 May 1941), Cliona (arrived at Bermuda on 20 May 1941), Empire Steelhead (arrived at Baltimore on 27 May 1941), Gard (arrived at Trinidad on 27 May 1941), Hindsholm (arrived at Halifax on 19 May 1941), Jobshaven (arrived at Manzanillo (Cuba) on 27 May 1941), Maaskerk (arrived at Barbados on 25 May 1941), Michalios (arrived at Halifax on 21 May 1941), Miralda (arrived at New York on 22 May 1941), Nicolas (arrived at Montreal on ?? May 1941), Peleus (arrived at Montreal on 22 May 1941), Pennington Court (arrived at Montreal on 23 May 1941), Taygetos (arrived at Montreal on 24 May 1941), Umberleigh (arrived New York at on 24 May 1941) and Vestland (arrived at St. John's, Newfoundland on 17 May 1941).

Around 2130B/12, in position 45°00'N, 21°18'W, the following ships parted company with the convoy;
Albert le Borgne (arrived at Freetown on 30 May 1941), Daleby (arrived at Lagos on 4 June 1941), Helder (arrived at Capetown on 10 June 1941), Lewant (arrived at Freetown on 26 May 1941), Sire (arrived at Las Palmas on 17 May 1941) and Urbino (arrived at Capetown on 7 June 1941).

Around 1100B/13, in position 43°36'N, 21°03'W, the submarine HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) joined the convoy.

Around 0800B/14, in position 41°07'N, 20°26'W, the corvettes HMS Azalea (Lt. G.C. Geddes, RNR), HMS Geranium (T/Lt. A. Foxall, RNR) and HMS Joinquil (Lt.Cdr. R.E.H. Partington, RNR) joined the convoy.

Around 0900B/14, in position 41°00'N, 20°25'W, the Parthenon was detached to Takoradi where she arrived on 31 May 1941.

Around 1400B/16, in position 35°08'N, 14°55'W, HMS Geranium and HMS Joinquil parted company to proceed to Gibraltar.

Around 0600B/18, in position 35°16'N, 8°23'W, HMS Azalea parted company to proceed to Gibraltar.

Around 1900B/18, in position 35°51'N, 06°15'W, the following ships parted company with the convoy to proceed to Lisbon where all arrived on 20 May 1941;
Garm, Gothland, Lapland, Rhineland, Scania and Willowdale.

At the same time also the following ships were detached to Huelva where all arrived on 19 May 1941.
Hawkinge, Kellwyn, Leadgate, Leka and Phillip M..

Around 0100B/20, the remainder of the convoy arrived at Gibraltar, these were the following ships;
Baron Kelvin, British Coast, Cervantes, Lissa, Runa and Wallsend. On arrival at Gibraltar they were escorted by HMS Scarborough and HrMs O 21. (16)

13 May 1941
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) parted company with convoy HG 61 to join the escort of convoy OG 61.

[For more info on convoy OG 61 see the event ' Convoy OG 61 ' for 6 May 1941.] (6)

20 May 1941
Around 0130B/20, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) arrived at Gibraltar with convoy OG 61. (6)

25 May 1941
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) is docked in no.2 graving dock at the Gibraltar Dockyard. (19)

1 Jun 1941
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) is undocked. (19)

4 Jun 1941
Around 0550B/4, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed from Gibraltar and joins the escort of convoy HG 64 (10th war patrol).

For more info on this convoy see the event ' Convoy HG 64 ' for 4 June 1941.

For the daily positions of HrMs O 21 during this patrol see the map below.

(6)

4 Jun 1941

Convoy HG 64.

This convoy departed Gibraltar on 4 June 1941.

On departure from Gibraltar the convoy was made up of the following merchant vessels;
Algerian (British, 2315 GRT, built 1924), Ardeola (British, 2609 GRT, built 1912), Ariosto (British, 2176 GRT, built 1940), Baron Kelvin (British, 3081 GRT, built 1924), Blairatholl (British, 3319 GRT, built 1925), British Coast (British, 889 GRT, built 1934), Caledonia (British, 1268 GRT, built 1913), Cara (British, 1760 GRT, built 1929), Empire Bay (British, 2824 GRT, built 1940), Empire Snipe (British, 2497 GRT, built 1919), Indra (Panamanian, 2026 GRT, built 1900), Kellwyn (British, 1464 GRT, built 1920), Lapland (British, 1330 GRT, built 1936), Leadgate (British, 2125 GRT, built 1925), Leka (Norwegian, 1599 GRT, built 1922), Leonardia (Swedish, 1583 GRT, built 1906), Lissa (British, 1511 GRT, built 1927), Magne (Swedish, 3103 GRT, built 1912), Mount Helikon (Greek, 5525 GRT, built 1918), Philipp M. (British, 2085 GRT, built 1924), Polo (British, 1950 GRT, built 1919), Selene (Swedish, 1347 GRT, built 1894) and Sheaf Crown (British, 4868 GRT, built 1929).

The Thursobank (British, 5575 GRT, built 1940) was also to have sailed with the convoy but was unable to do so. She sailed later to overtake and join the convoy escorted by the corvette HMS Woodruff (T/Lt. T. Muir, RNVR) which also joined the convoy.

On departure from Gibraltar the convoy was escorted by the sloop HMS Bideford (Lt.Cdr. W.J. Moore, RNR), corvettes HMS Coreopsis (Lt.Cdr. A.H. Davies, RNVR), HMS Fleur de Lys (Lt.Cdr. L.M. Carter, RNR), A/S trawler HMS Stella Carina (Lt. R. Lockwood, RANVR) and the submarine HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN).

Around 1130A/4, the motor launches ML 129 (?) and ML 134 (?) joined the convoy escort.

In the afternoon the Indra straggled from the convoy being unable to keep up.

Around 2200A/4, in position 35°20'N, 07°08'W, both motor launches were detached to return to Gibraltar.

Around 1300A/5, in position 37°42'N, 09°08'W, HMS Woodruff and the Thursobank joined the convoy.

Around 0015A/6, the Italian submarine Veniero twice fired a torpedo on ships of the convoy. The Ariosto reported being missed.

Around 0130A/6, in position 34°18'N, 10°47'W, HMS Stella Carina frustrated the attack of an enemy submarine on the convoy. She had sighted the submarine on the surface up moon after the convoy had altered course. This must have been Veniero. HMS Bideford and HMS Coreopsis joined the trawler to hunt this submarine. The escorts resumed their stations in the convoy screen around 0330A/6.

Later that morning, in position 34°18'N, 12°00'W, HMS Woodruff was detached to proceed to Bathurst. Shortly afterwards she was however ordered to remain with the convoy until it reached 15°00'W. She did not rejoin the convoy though.

At 1153A/6, in position 34°17'N, 13°20'W, HMS Stella Carina attacked a contact with depth charges. A good contact could not be established afterwards due to problems with the Asdic. HMS Bideford and HMS Fleur the Lys joined the hunt while HMS Coreopsis remained with the convoy.

By 1405A/6, they all rejoined the convoy after HMS Bideford and HMS Fleur the Lys had established a contact they had identified as 'fish'.

Around 0200Z/10, HrMs O 21 lost contact with the convoy in dense fog. She rejoined around 1115Z/10. During her absence she had sighted the straggler Indra which did not want to rejoin the convoy and preferred to make the passage independently.

Around 2200Z/10, in position 40°22'N, 22°10'W, HMS Stella Carina parted company to return to Gibraltar.

Around 1800Z/11, HMS Coreopsis, HMS Fleur de Lys and HrMs O 21 parted company to join convoy OG 64 coming from the U.K.

Around 1300Z/14, in position 50°30'N, 22°06'W, the armed boarding vessel HMS Malvernian (Cdr. J.W.B. Robertson, RNR) joined the convoy.

Around 0800Z/14, in position 55°40'N, 20°21'W, the destroyer HMS Walker (Cdr. D.G.F.W. MacIntyre, DSO, RN) and corvettes HMS Hydrangea (Lt. J.E. Woolfenden, RNR) and HMS Wallflower (Lt.Cdr. I.J. Tyson, RN) joined the convoy followed at 1300Z/14 by the destroyer HMS Skate (Lt. F.P. Baker, DSC, RN) and the armed boarding vessel HMS Lady Somers (Cdr. G.L. Dunbar, RD, RNR) joined.

Around 2345A/17, in position 55°40'N, 08°37'W, the Oban section of the convoy split off. This section was made up of the following merchant vessels;
Kellwyn, Lapland, Leka, Magne, Sheaf Crown and Thursobank. They took HMS Skate with them as escort. These merchant vessels arrived at Oban later on the 18th. Around the same time HMS Walker parted company to proceed to Londonderry to fuel and then rejoin the convoy which she did around 0930A/18.

Around 0630A/18, in position 55°37'N, 06°57'W, HMS Hydrangea parted company to join the Oban section as HMS Skate had been ordered to proceed to the assistance of the of the torpedoed merchant vessel Norfolk. HMS Skate picked up the survivors and arrived at Londonderry on 19 June 1941.

On 18 June 1941, the following merchant vessels arrived at Belfast Lough;
Algerian, Baron Kelvin, British Coast and Mount Helikon.

On 18 June 1941, the following merchant vessels arrived in the Clyde;
Blairatholl, Leadgate and Leonardia. Also HMS Malverian, HMS Lady Somers and HMS Wallflower arrived in the Clyde.

On 19 June 1941, the following merchant vessels arrived at Workington;
Empire Bay and Philipp M..

On 19 June 1941, the following merchant vessels arrived at Barrow in Furness;
Caledonia, Cara and Lissa.

On 19 June 1941, the following merchant vessels arrived at Liverpool;
Ardeola, Ariosto, Empire Snipe, Polo and Selene. HMS Walker and HMS Bideford also arrived at Liverpool on the 19th. (18)

5 Jun 1941

Convoy OG 64.

This convoy was assembled to the west of the North Channel on 5 June 1941 and was made up of ships from four sections; the Milford Haven, Liverpool, Clyde and Oban sections.

The Milford Haven section (sailed 3 June 1941) was made up of the following merchant vessels;
Clonlara (Irish, 1202 GRT, built 1926), Ebro (British (former Danish), 1547 GRT, built 1920), Empire Warrior (British, 1306 GRT, built 1921), Finland (British, 1375 GRT, built 1939), Jedmoor (British, 4392 GRT, built 1928), Mirza (Dutch (tanker), 7991 GRT, built 1929), Moorby (British, 4992 GRT, built 1936), Nicolaos Michalos (Greek, 4342 GRT, built 1913) and Susan Maersk (British, 2355 GRT, built 1923). This section was most likely escorted by, at least, the escort desroyer HMS Wolsey (Lt.Cdr. C.H. Campbell, DSC, RN).

The Liverpool section (sailed 4 June 1941) was made up of the following merchant vessels;
Egyptian (British, 2868 GRT, built 1920), Hedera (Swedish, 2327 GRT, built 1900) and Nicolaou Virginia (Greek, 6869 GRT, built 1920).

The sloop HMS Folkestone (Lt.Cdr. C.F.H. Churchill, RN) sailed with this section of the convoy but had to return with defects. After repairs she sailed again on 5 June to overtake and join the convoy at sea.

The Milford Haven section and Liverpool section subsequently joined company and also the merchant vessel Ciscar (British, 2436 GRT, built 1919) joined coming from Workington which she had departed on 4 June 1941.

The Liverpool section (sailed 5 June 1941) was made up of the following merchant vessels;
Aguila (British, 3255 GRT, built 1917), Auk (British, 1338 GRT, built 1921), City of Yokohama (British, 7341 GRT, built 1922), Empire Ness (British, 2922 GRT, built 1941), New Brooklyn (British, 6546 GRT, built 1920), Pacific (British, 2816 GRT, built 1923), Petrel (British, 1457 GRT, built 1920), Ranella (Norwegian (tanker), 5590 GRT, built 1912), Rembrandt (British, 5559 GRT, built 1941), Sarastone (British, 2473 GRT, built 1929), St. Lindsay (British, 5370 GRT, built 1921) and Starling (British, 1320 GRT, built 1930). The rescue vessel Toward (British, 1571 GRT, built 1923) was also with this section as were the armed boarding vessel HMS Hilary (Cdr. T.L. Owen, RD, RNR), A/S trawler HMS Lady Shirley (Lt.Cdr. A.H. Callaway, RANVR), M/S trawlers HMS Canna (T/Lt. G.C.L. Payne, RNVR), HMS Laertes (T/Skr. J.A. Prettyman, DSC, RNR), HMS Lord Irwin (T/Lt. J.R. Kingdon, RNVR), M/S whalers HMS Gos 7 (?), HMS Kos X (?), HMS Kos XI (?), HMS Kos XII (?), naval auxiliaries HMS Corbrae (T/A/Lt.Cdr. J. Martin-Smith, DSC, RNR), HMS Springdale (T/A/Lt.Cdr.(Retd.) J.S. Seal, RNR) and HMS Springtide (Cdr. F.E. Taylor, RNZNVR).

The Oban section (sailed 5 June 1941) was made up of the following merchant vessels;
Barrgrove (British, 5222 GRT, built 1918), Cape Corso (British, 3807 GRT, built 1929), Edencrag (British, 1592 GRT, built 1940), Embassage (British, 4954 GRT, built 1935), Empire Dew (British, 7005 GRT, built 1941), Gudvin (Norwegian, 1824 GRT, built 1918), Gunda (Swedish, 1770 GRT, built 1930), Lisbeth (Norwegian, 2732 GRT, built 1922), Loke (Norwegian, 2421 GRT, built 1915), Norse King (Norway, 5586 GRT, built 1920), Portsea (British, 1583 GRT, 1938), Ruckinge (British, 2869 GRT, built 1939), Shaftesbury (British, 4284 GRT, built 1923) and Thyra (Swedish, 1796 GRT, built 1925).

Around 2245A/5, south of Islay, in position 55°30'N, 06°18'W, the destroyers HMS Salisbury (Lt.Cdr. H.M.R. Crichton, RN), HMS Roxborough (Lt. V.A. Wight-Boycott, OBE, RN), HMS Skate (Lt. F.P. Baker, DSC, RN) and the corvettes HMS Anemone (Lt.Cdr. H.G. Boys-Smith, DSO, RNR), HMS Clarkia (Lt.Cdr. F.J.G. Jones, RNR), HMS Veronica (Lt.Cdr.(Retd.) D.F. White, RNR) and the A/S trawler HMS St. Elstan (T/Lt. G. Butcher, RNVR) joined the convoy.

Around 1230A/6, in position 55°50'N, 08°40'W, the Hedera parted company with the convoy to proceed to Belfast Lough due to defects. She arrived at her destination on 8 June.

Around 0030A/7, in position 55°50'N, 08°40'W, the Rembrandt parted company with the convoy to proceed to the Clyde due to defects. She arrived at her destination on 8 June.

Around 1445A/7, in position 55°44'N, 08°35'W, HMS Folkestone joined the convoy.

Around 2359A/8, in position 52°26'N, 18°57'W, HMS Salisbury, HMS Roxborough, HMS Skate, HMS Anemone, HMS Clarkia, HMS Veronica and HMS St. Elstan parted company. They took the Toward with them. HMS Hilary parted company with the convoy at an unknown time and location.

Around 0730A/10, in position 49°22'N, 21°24'W, the following merchant vessels parted company with the convoy to proceed independently to their destinations;
City of Yokohama (arrived at New York on 21 June), Embassage (arrived at Sydney, Cape Brenton Island on 17 June), Empire Dew (destination was Montreal but sunk by U-48 on 12 June), Loke (arrived at Three Rivers on 22 June), Mirza (arrived at New York on 21 June), Moorby (arrived at Montreal on 20 June), Nicolaos Michalos (arrived at Halifax on 19 June), Nicolaou Virginia [further movements currently not known to us], Norse King (arrived at Sydney, Cape Brenton Island on 19 June), Ranella (destination was New York but sunk by U-553 on 12 June), Shaftesbury (arrived at Three Rivers on 21 June), St. Lindsay (destination was Trinidad but sunk by U-751 on 14 June. There were no survivors), Susan Maersk (destination was Curacoa but sunk by U-553 on 12 June. There were no survivors) and Thyra (arrived in Hampton Roads on 1 July).

Around 0800A/12, in position 44°16'N, 21°08'W, the corvettes HMS Coreopsis (Lt.Cdr. A.H. Davies, RNVR), HMS Fleur de Lys (Lt.Cdr. L.M. Carter, RNR) and the submarine HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) joined the convoy.

Around 1000A/13, in position 40°46'N, 20°19'W, the following merchant vessels parted company with the convoy to proceed independently to their destinations;
Barrgrove (arrived at Buenos Aires on 11 July) and Jedmoor (arrived at Santos on 6 July).

Around 1400A/13, in position 40°18'N, 20°12'W, HMS Coreopsis and HMS Fleur de Lys parted company.

Around 2200A/13, in position 39°24'N, 20°01'W, the following merchant vessels parted company with the convoy to proceed independently to their destinations;
Lisbeth (arrived at Takoradi on 5 July) and New Brooklyn (arrived at Lagos on 5 July).

Around 1915A/14, in position 37°29'N, 17°22'W, the Egyptian was detached to proceed to Freetown where she arrived on 25 June.

Around 0855A/17, in position 35°32'N, 09°33'W, the destroyer HMS Wrestler (Lt. E.L. Jones, DSC, RN) and escort destroyers HMS Farndale (Cdr. S.H. Carlill, RN), HMS Eridge (Lt.Cdr. W.F.N. Gregory-Smith, RN) and HMS Avon Vale (Lt.Cdr. P.A.R. Withers, DSO, RN) and four [so far unidentified] ML's joined the convoy.

Around 1335A/18, in position 35°56'N, 06°14'W, the following merchant vessels parted company with the convoy to proceed independently to their destinations;
Edencraig (arrived at Huelva on 18 June 1941), Finland (arrived at Lisbon on 19 June 1941), Gudvin (arrived at Seville on 19 June 1941), Gunda (destination was Lisbon but sunk by enemy aircraft on 19 June 1941 in position 37°36'30"N 09°53'W), Pacific (arrived at Cadiz on 18 June 1941), Petrel (arrived at Oporto on 21 June 1941), Portsea (arrived at Lisbon on 20 June 1941), Ruckinge (arrived at Huelva on 18 June 1941), Sarastone (arrived at Lisbon on 20 June 1941) and Starling (arrived at Oporto on 21 June 1941).

The remainder of the convoy arrived at Gibraltar in the evening of 18 June 1941. (16)

11 Jun 1941
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN), HMS Fleur de Lys (Lt.Cdr. L.M. Carter, RNR) and HMS Coreopsis (Lt.Cdr. A.H. Davies, RNVR) parted company with convoy HG 64 to join convoy OG 64. (6)

12 Jun 1941
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN), HMS Fleur de Lys (Lt.Cdr. L.M. Carter, RNR) and HMS Coreopsis (Lt.Cdr. A.H. Davies, RNVR) joined convoy OG 64.

[For more info on this convoy see the event ' Convoy OG 64 ' for 4 June 1941.] (6)

18 Jun 1941
Around 2130A/18, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) arrived at Gibraltar with convoy OG 64. (6)

24 Jun 1941
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) carries out an A/S exercise off Gibraltar with HMS Folkestone (Lt.Cdr. C.F.H. Churchill, RN) and HMS Stella Carina (Lt. J.V. Lobb, RANVR).

Upon completion of this exercise all three ships joined the escort of convoy HG 66 (11th war patrol). (20)

24 Jun 1941

Convoy HG 66.

This convoy departed Gibraltar on 24 June 1941.

On departure from Gibraltar the convoy was made up of the following merchant vessels;
Agia Varvara (Greek, 2425 GRT, built 1904), Cape Corso (British, 3807 GRT, built 1929), Como (British, 1295 GRT, built 1910), Cortes (British, 1390 GRT, built 1919), Disa (Swedish, 2002 GRT, built 1918), Empire Ness (British, 2922 GRT, built 1941), Empire Strait (British, 2841 GRT, built 1940), Erato (British, 1335 GRT, built 1923), Lublin (Polish, 1409 GRT, built 1932), Osric (Swedish, 1418 GRT, built 1919), Pelayo (British, 1346 GRT, built 1927), Rhineland (British, 1381 GRT, built 1922), Serula (British, 2187 GRT, built 1918), Shuna (British, 1575 GRT, built 1937) and Tintern Abbey (British, 2471 GRT, built 1939).

On departure from Gibraltar the convoy was escorted by the destroyer HMS Wishart (Cdr. E.T. Cooper, RN), escort destroyer HMS Farndale (Cdr. S.H. Carlill, RN), sloop HMS Folkestone (Lt.Cdr. C.F.H. Churchill, RN), corvette HMS Azalea (Lt. G.C. Geddes, RNR), A/S trawler HMS Stella Carina (Lt. J.V. Lobb, RANVR), three ML's (so far unidentified) and the submarine HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN).

Around 1215A/25, the three ML's parted company to return to Gibraltar.

Around 0730A/27, HMS Wishart parted company with the convoy. Shortly afterwards she encountered the Italian submarine Glauco which was subsequently sunk.

Around 0800A/28, in position 36°02'N, 16°30'W, HMS Farndale parted company with the convoy.

Around 0745A/1, HMS Azalea, HMS Stella Carina and HrMs O 21 parted company with the convoy. HMS Folkestone is now the sole escort but HMS Azalea however later rejoined. She had a defective Asdic though.

Later the convoy broke into two portions due to thick fog. HMS Folkestone and HMS Azalea were each with a portion of the convoy.

On 4 July 1941, the destroyers HMS Maori (Cdr. R.E. Courage, DSO, DSC and Bar, RN) and ORP Garland ( Kmdr.ppor. (Cdr.) K.F. Namiesniowski) joined the part of the convoy escorted by HMS Folkestone. They parted company around 1200A/5 in position 51°46'N, 22°00'W to proceed to Londonderry and Greenock respectively.

Around 2130A/5, in position 52°37'N 20°28'W, the destroyers HMS Westcott (Cdr. I.H. Bockett-Pugh, RN), HNoMS St. Albans (Cdr. G. Hovdenak, RNorN) and the corvettes HMS Freesia (Lt.Cdr. T.P.G. Crick, RN) and HMS Myosotis (Lt. G.P.S. Lowe, RNVR) joined the portion of the convoy escortted by HMS Folkestone. These escorts were coming from convoy OB 341.

Around 0600A/6, in position 53°24'N, 19°03'W, both sections of the convoy rejoined company. It was noticed that the merchant vessel Osric was missing from the convoy. This vessel had been sighted around 2300A/5 in position 52°46'N, 18°15'W by HMS Maori and given instructions to rejoin the convoy which she never did.

Around 1330A/7, in position 55°18'N 13°42'W, the M/S whaler HMS Kos VIII (?) joined coming from convoy OG 67.

Around 1200A/8, in position 55°40'N 08°30'W, HMS Freesia parted company with the Oban section of the convoy which was made up of the following merchant vessels;
Cape Corso and Empire Strait. HMS Freesia went with them as escort.

Around 1830A/8, HMS Westcott, HMS Azalea and HMS Kos VIII parted company with the convoy to proceed to Londonderry.

On 8 July 1941, the following merchant vessels arrived in Belfast Lough;
Como, Cortes and Empire Ness.

On 9 July 1941, the following merchant vessels arrived in the Clyde;
Agia Varvara, Rhineland and Shuna. HNoMS St. Albans went with them.

On 9 July 1941, the Disa arrived at Barrow in Furness.

On 9 July 1941, the following merchant vessels arrived at Workington;
Osric, Serula and Tintern Abbey.

On 9 July 1941, the Lublin arrived at Holyhead.

On 9 July 1941, the following merchant vessels arrived at Liverpool;
Erato and Pelayo. Also HMS Folkestone and HMS Myosotis also arrived at Liverpool as did HMS Freesia after having delivered the Oban section. (18)

24 Jun 1941
For the daily positions of HrMs O 21 during her 11th war patrol see the map below.

1 Jul 1941
Around 0745A/1, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN), HMS Azalea (Lt. G.C. Geddes, RNR) and HMS Stella Carina (Lt. J.V. Lobb, RANVR) parted company with convoy HG 66 to join convoy OG 66.

Around 1250A/1, O 21 after having been ordered to establish a patrol off Cape Finisterre, Spain, leaves the formation and set course for her patrol area. (20)

3 Jul 1941
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) arrived in her patrol area. (20)

6 Jul 1941
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) left her patrol area to return to Gibraltar. (20)

8 Jul 1941
Around 2000A/8, HMS Fearless (Cdr. A.F. Pugsley, RN), HMS Forester (Lt.Cdr. E.B. Tancock, DSC and Bar, RN) and O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) arrived at Gibraltar.

The destroyers, which were also returning to Gibraltar from operations had joined the submarine around 1800A/8. (17)

16 Jul 1941
Around 2125A/16, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed from Gibraltar for her 12th war patrol (1st in the Mediterranean). She is to patrol in the Tyrrhenian Sea.

For the daily and attack positions of HrMs O 21 during this patrol see the map below.

(21)

17 Jul 1941
At 1617A/17, in position 36°42'N, 00°38'W, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) dived as a ship was sighted bearing 160° at a range of 8 nautical miles. The ship was on course 350° and was subsequently identified as the Vichy-French Schiaffino (3236 GRT, built 1920) most likely coming from Oran. (6)

18 Jul 1941
At 1500A/18, in position 37°54'N, 04°56'E, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) sighted smoke bearing 198°. Course was altered to the south to close. It was subsequently seen that the smoke came from a merchant vessel with four masts and a black funnel that was proceeding to the north-west. HrMs O 21 resumed her original course at 1530A/18. The merchant vessel was most likely Vichy-French. (6)

21 Jul 1941
At 0417A/21, while dived, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) picked up HE and then sighted a convoy made up of a 4000 tons merchant vessel and a 5000 tons tanker. They were escorted by an Italian torpedo boat. Range was 5 nautical miles and the convoy was in position 39°46'N, 13°41'E. The convoy was proceeding on course 210° at a speed of 8 knots. The range could not be closed and the convoy disappeared from sight around 0600A/21 on bearing 174°.

At 1030A/21, HE was picked up on bearing 349°.

At 1100A/21, smoke was sighed bearing 347°. Position of the contact was 40°08'N, 13°36'E.

At 1130A/21, a convoy made up of four merchant vessels and three destroyers was sighted proceeding on course 250°. At least one aircraft was patrolling overhead.

At 1300A/21, the convoy disappeared from sight on bearing 260°.

This convoy was made up of the transports Caffaro (Italian, 6476 GRT, built 1924), Maddalena Odero (Italian, 5545 GRT, built 1921), Nicolò Odero (Italian, 6003 GRT, built 1925) and Preussen (German, 8224 GRT, built 1922) escorted by the destroyers Folgore, Euro and Saetta. They had departed Naples for Tripoli around 0515B/21. In the early evening of 22 July 1941 the Preussen was bombed and sunk by RAF Blenheim aircraft near Pantelleria. (22)

21 Jul 1941

Operation Substance, convoys to and from Malta

Passage through the Straits of Gibraltar of the eastbound convoy and sailing from Gibraltar of the remaining ships involved in the operation.

Around 0130B/21 convoy WS 9C passed the Straits of Gibraltar. The convoy at that moment consisted of six merchant ships; City of Pretoria (8049 GRT, built 1937), Deucalion (7516 GRT, built 1930), Durham (10893 GRT, built 1934), Melbourne Star (11076 GRT, built 1936), Port Chalmers (8535 GRT, built 1933) and Sydney Star (11095 GRT, built 1936).

At the time they passed through the Straits they were escorted by HMS Nelson (Capt. T.H. Troubridge, RN), HMS Edinburgh (Capt. H.W. Faulkner, RN, flying the flag of Rear-Admiral E.N. Syfret, RN), HMS Manxman (Capt. R.K. Dickson, RN), HMS Lightning (Cdr. R.G. Stewart, RN), HMAS Nestor (Cdr. A.S. Rosenthal, RAN), HMS Avon Vale (Lt.Cdr. P.A.R. Withers, RN), HMS Eridge (Lt.Cdr. W.F.N. Gregory-Smith, RN) and HMS Farndale (Cdr. S.H. Carlill, RN).

HMS Manchester (Capt. H. Drew, DSC, RN), HMS Arethusa (Capt. A.C. Chapman, RN), HMS Cossack (Capt. E.L. Berthon, DSC and Bar, RN), HMS Maori (Cdr. R.E. Courage, DSO, DSC and Bar, RN), HMS Sikh (Cdr. G.H. Stokes, RN) departed Gibraltar around 0200B/21 escorting troopship Leinster (4302 GRT, built 1937) which was to join the convoy. However Leinster grounded while leaving Gibraltar and had to left behind. The small fleet tanker RFA Brown Ranger (3417 GRT, built 1941, master D.B.C. Ralph) left Gibraltar around the same time escorted by the destroyer HMS Beverley (Lt.Cdr. J. Grant, RN).

About one hour later, around 0300B/21, HMS Renown (Rear-Admiral R.R. McGrigor, RN, flying the flag of Vice-Admiral J.F. Somerville, KCB, DSO, RN), HMS Ark Royal (Capt. L.E.H. Maund, RN), HMS Hermione (Capt. G.N. Oliver, RN), HMS Faulknor (Capt. A.F. de Salis, RN), HMS Fearless (Cdr. A.F. Pugsley, RN), HMS Firedrake (Lt.Cdr. S.H. Norris, DSO, DSC, RN), HMS Foresight (Cdr. J.S.C. Salter, RN), HMS Forester (Lt.Cdr. E.B. Tancock, DSC and Bar, RN), HMS Foxhound (Cdr. G.H. Peters, DSC, RN), HMS Fury (Lt.Cdr. T.C. Robinson, RN) and HMS Duncan (Lt.Cdr. A.N. Rowell, RN) departed Gibraltar to give convoy for the convoy during the passage to Malta.

At sea the forces were redistributed;
Force H, the cover force
HMS Renown, HMS Nelson, HMS Ark Royal, HMS Hermione, HMS Faulknor, HMS Foresight, HMS Forester, HMS Fury, HMS Lightning and HMS Duncan.

Force X, the close escort for the convoy
HMS Edinburgh, HMS Manchester, HMS Arethusa, HMS Manxman, HMS Cossack, HMS Maori, HMS Sikh, HMAS Nestor, HMS Fearless, HMS Firedrake, HMS Foxhound, HMS Avon Vale, HMS Eridge and HMS Farndale.

Plan for the operation

Force H was to cover the convoy until it reached the narrows between Sicily and Tunisia. Force X was to escort the convoy all the way to Malta. Ships of Force X also had troops for Malta on board that had been taken to Gibraltar by troopship Pasteur. On 23 July 1941, the day the eastbound convoy would reach ‘the narrows’ five empty transports and two tankers would depart Malta for Gibraltar (Convoy MG 1) The seven empty transports were;
Group 1 (speed 17 knots)
HMS Breconshire (9776 GRT, built 1939),
Talabot (6798 GRT, built 1936),

Group 2 (speed 14 knots)
Thermopylae (6655 GRT, built 1930),
Amerika (10218 GRT, built 1930),

Group 3 (speed 12 knots)
Settler (6202 GRT, built 1939),
Tanker Svenor (7616 GRT, built 1931) and
Tanker Hoegh Hood (9351 GRT, built 1936)
These were escorted by the destroyer HMS Encounter (Lt.Cdr. E.V.St J. Morgan, RN) which had been repairing and refitting at Malta.

Through intelligence it was known that the Italian Navy had five battleships operational (three of them at Taranto) and about ten cruisers divided between Taranto, Palermo and Messina. The Italian Air Force had about 50 torpedo planes and 150 bombers (30 of which were dive bombers) stationed in Sardinia and Sicily, roughly half of each type on both islands.

The Royal Air Force was able to be of more help than during the previous convoy trip from Gibraltar to Malta last January. Aircraft from Gibraltar conducted A/S patrols for the fleet during the first two days of the passage to the east. Also patrols were flown between Sardinia and the coast of Africa, while aircraft from Malta conducted reconnaissance between Sardinia and Sicily, besides watching the Italian ports. Malta would also provide fighter escort for Force X and the convoy after Force H would part with them and HMS Ark Royal could no longer provide fighter cover for them.

During the operation eight submarines (HMS Olympus (Lt.Cdr. H.G. Dymott, RN), HMS Unique (Lt. A.F. Collett, RN), HMS Upholder (Lt.Cdr. M.D. Wanklyn, DSO, RN), HMS Upright (Lt. J.S. Wraith, DSC, RN), HMS Urge (Lt. E.P. Tomkinson, RN), HMS Utmost (Lt.Cdr. R.D. Cayley, DSO, RN), HMS P 32 (Lt. D.A.B. Abdy, RN) and HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN)) were on patrol to report and attack Italian warships that might be sailed to intercept the convoy.

The passage East, 22 July 1941

On 22 July the destroyers from Force X oiled from the Brown Ranger two at a time. A task that took about 10 hours. Having completed the oiling of the destroyers the Brown Ranger and her escort returned to Gibraltar. An Italian aircraft had reported Force H in the morning but the convoy and Force X, at that moment about 100 nautical miles to the south-westward, appeared not to have been sighed. At 2317B/22 the Italian submarine Diaspro missed HMS Renown with torpedoes. HMAS Nestor sighted the torpedo tracks and was able to warn HMS Renown which was then able to avoid the torpedoes by doing an emergency turn to port.

The passage East and attacks by the Italian Air Force, 23 July 1941

Force H rejoined the convoy around 0800B/23 as the British were now approaching the danger area. Shadowing aircraft had already reported the position of the fleet that morning and heavy air attacks soon followed.

The first came at 0945 hours, a well times combination of nine high level bombers and six or seven torpedo planes approaching from the north-east. HMS Ark Royal had eleven fighters up, which met the bombers about 20 miles from the fleet. They managed to down two of the nine bombers but unfortunately three Fulmars were shot down by the enemy. The other seven bombers came on working round the head of the screen of destroyers to attack the convoy from the starboard beam at a height of 10000 feet. Their bombs fell harmlessly amongst the leading ships as they altered course to avoid the attack. The torpedo planes however were more successful. They came from ahead out of the sun, flying low, and as the destroyers opened fire they divided into groups of two or three and to attack the convoy on both sides. Two aircraft attacked HMS Fearless, stationed ahead in the screen, dropping their torpedoes at ranges of 1500 and 800 yards from a height of 70 feet. The destroyer avoided the first torpedo, but was hit by the second, set on fire, and completely disabled. Other aircraft went to press on their attacks on the convoy itself. One of them, dropping its torpedo between two merchant vessels hit HMS Manchester as she was turning to regain her station after avoiding two torpedoes fired earlier. She reversed helm once more but to no avail. During the attacks three enemy torpedo bombers were shot down by AA fire from the ships.

HMS Manchester was badly damaged and could only use one engine out of four. At first she could steam only 8 knots. She was ordered to make for Gibraltar with HMS Avon Vale as escort. That evening, further to the westward, they were attacked again by three enemy torpedo planes but their AA gunfire kept the enemy at a distance. Both ships successfully reached Gibraltar on the 26th.

At 1010B/23 five more bombers tried to attack the convoy crossing this time from north to south. Fighters from HMS Ark Royal forced them to drop their bombs from great height and mostly outside the screen.

At 1645B/23 five more torpedo planes led by a seaplane came in from the northward. Three Fulmars caught them about 20 miles away. They managed to shoot down two planes and drove the remainder away.

Soon afterwards the fleet arrived off the entrance to the Skerki Channel. There HMS Hermione was transferred to Force X to take the place of HMS Manchester. Six destroyers were assigned to Force H and eight to Force X. At 1713 hours Vice-Admiral Somerville hauled round to the westward. HMS Ark Royal kept her Fulmars up until RAF Beaufighters had arrived from Malta to take over.

The convoy was attacked again around 1900B/23. Four torpedo planes arrived from the eastward, flying low and and working round from ahead to the starboard side of the convoy. They approached in pairs in line abreast. They kept HMS Sikh (on the starboard bow of the screen) between them and their target until nearly the moment for attack, thereby hampering the AA fire from the other ships. They dropped their torpedoes from long range from a height of 50 feet and nearly hit HMS Hermione, sternmost ship in the starboard column. To avoid the attack each column of the convoy turned 90° outwards and all warships opened barrage fire from all guns that would bear. The barrage however fell short but it caused the Italians to drop their torpedoes early. Also one of the enemy was possibly shot down.

This attack scattered the convoy and it took some time to reform. At 1945B/23 about seven bombers appeared from ahead at a height of about 14000 feet to attack the convoy from the port side. The convoy altered 40° to port together and the escort opened up a controlled fire with some hesitation as the Italian aircraft looked a lot like Beaufighters. The bombing was extremely accurate. Several bombs fell near HMS Edinburgh which was leading the port column, and a near miss abreast a boiler room disabled HMS Firedrake which had been sweeping ahead of the convoy. She could no longer steam so Rear-Admiral Syfret ordered her back to Gibraltar in tow of HMS Eridge. They had an anxious passage, being shadowed by aircraft continuously during daylight hours, but were not again attacked. On the 25th HMS Firedrake managed to lit one boiler so the tow was slipped. Both destroyers entered Gibraltar harbour on the 27th.

Soon after leaving the Skerki Channel in the evening of the 23th the convoy hauled up to the north-east towards the coast of Sicily. This was to lessen the danger of mines. The Italians did not shadow the convoy after the attack at 1945 hours and missed this alteration of course which they clearly did not expect. Around 2100 hours, as it was getting dark, enemy aircraft were seen searching along its old line of advance. During the evening the convoy sighted flares several times about 20 miles to the south.

Continued passage to the east and enemy attacks, 24 July 1941

Between 0250 and 0315 hours the convoy was however attacked by the Italian MAS boats MAS 532 and MAS 533. The managed to torpedo and damaged the Sydney Star. HMAS Nestor went alongside and took off almost 500 soldiers. Sydney Star was however able to continue her passage as staggler escorted initially by HMAS Nestor. Admiral Syfret however sent back HMS Hermione. At 1000B/24 eight German dive bombers and two high level bombers attacked. Their bombs fell close the escorting ships. HMS Hermione shot down one dive bomber. The three ships arrived at Malta early in the afternoon.

The main body of the convoy meanwhile continued on its way unhindered after the attacks of the motor torpedo boats except for an attempt by three torpedo planes around 0700 hours. They dropped their torpedoes at a safe distance when fired on by the destroyers in the screen ahead. According to the orders Rear-Admiral Syfret was to leave the convoy now, if there was no threat from Italian surface forces, and go on to Malta with the cruisers and some of the destroyers. They were to land the passengers and stores, complete with fuel and return to Force H as soon as possible. The remaining destroyers were to accompany the transports to Malta. They too were to join Force H as soon as possible. Rear-Admiral Syfret felt easy about the surface danger as all Italian ships were reported in harbour the day before, but he was anxious about the threat to the convoy from the air. He decided to go ahead with the cruiser but leave all destroyers with the convoy so at 0745B/24, HMS Edinburgh, HMS Arethusa and HMS Manxman left the convoy and pressed ahead at high speed to Malta where they arrived at noon the same day. The transports and the destroyers arrived about four hours later. They had been attacked only once by a torpedo plane since the cruisers separated.

Return passage of the warships of force X to make rendez-vous with Force H.

In the evening HMS Edinburgh, HMS Arethusa, HMS Hermione and HMS Manxman sailed together followed by five destroyers; HMS Cossack, HMS Maori, HMS Sikh, HMAS Nestor, HMS Foxhound, later the same evening. The destroyers overtook the cruisers in the morning of the 25th. The sixth destroyer, HMS Farndale, had to be left at Malta due to defects (condenser problems). All ships made rendez-vous with Force H to the north-west of Galita Island at 0800B/25.

Movements of Force H after it parted from the convoy.

After parting with the convoy in the evening of the 23rd, Vice-Admiral Somerville had taken force H westward at 18 knots until the afternoon of the 24th going as far west as 03°30’E. He then turned back to meet Admiral Syfret, also sending from HMS Ark Royal six Swordfish aircraft which left her in position 37°42’N, 07°17’E at 1000B/25. After their junction Forces H and X made the best of way towards Gibraltar. Fighter patrols of HMS Ark Royal shot down a shadowing aircraft soon after the fleet had shaped course to the westward, losing a Fulmar in doing so. However another aircraft had meanwhile reported the fleet.

High level bombers appeared from the east and torpedo bombers from the north at 1100 hours. HMS Ark Royal at that moment had four fighters in the air and sent up six more. They prevented the bombing attack shooting down three aircraft out of eight at a cost of two Fulmars, while the ships watched the enemy jettison their bombs 15 miles away. The torpedo attack came to nothing too for the enemy gave up the attempt and retired while still several miles from the fleet. Two days later, on the 27th, the fleet reached Gibraltar.

The movements of the seven empty ships coming from Malta.

Six of the transports / tankers left Malta for Gibraltar in the morning of the 23rd, escorted by HMS Encounter. The seventh ship, tanker Svenor grounded while leaving harbour and was held up for some hours. At dusk, when a few miles from Pantelleria, the six ships devided into pairs according to their speed. HMS Encounter initially escorted the middle pair but joined the leading ships in the evening of the 24th when past the Galita Bank.

Italian aircraft, both high level bombers and torpedo planes, attacked all these ships on the 24th to the southward of Sardinia. They made their first attempt on the second pair of transports and HMS Encounter. Four torpedo planes attacked at 1230B/24 and four bombers at 1250B/24. No ships were hit though the bombs fell close. Next came the turn for the leading pair, which were attacked further westwards by two bombers that came singly at 1330B/24 and 1400B/24. The second plane nearly hit HMS Breconshire. Finally when the third pair of ships reached about the same position in the evening they were attacked by torpedo planes and the Hoegh Hood was damaged but she managed to arrive at Gibraltar only a few hours after her consort on the 27th. The last ship, the one that had been delayed at Malta, arrived on the 28th. (23)

28 Jul 1941
At 1800A/28, in approximate position 40°26'N, 13°58'E, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) sighed a two-masted schooner bearing 325°. The enemy was proceeding to the southwest at slow speed emitting weak HE. One hour later the schooner was last seen on bearing 340°. HE was heard from time to time. This was obviously an enemy A/S schooner. (6)

29 Jul 1941
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) attacked an Italian convoy about 60 nautical miles South-West of Naples, Italy in position 39°51'N, 13°46'E. Four torpedoes were fired. Two hits were claimed but in fact all torpedoes fired missed.

This convoy attacked had left Tripoli on 27 July and arrived at Naples on 30 July and was made up of the Italian merchant vessels Ernesto (7399 GRT, built 1914), Nita (6803 GRT, built 1913), Nirvo (5270 GRT, built 1919), Aquitania (4971 GRT, built 1924) and the Italian tanker Castelverde (6958 GRT, built 1921). The auxiliary gunboat Palmaiola (1961 GRT, built 1918) was being towed by the Ernesto. But as the Ernesto was going so slow the tow was slipped and the auxiliary gunboat returned to Tripoli (presumably assisted by a tug) when they were just seven miles out.

Escorts were initially the Italian destroyers Folgore, Saetta, Fuceliere and Alpino. The destroyer Fulmine joined at sea having sailed from Pantelleria.

After the cruiser Giuseppe Garibaldi was torpedoed and damaged by HMS Upholder (Lt.Cdr. M.D. Wanklyn, RN) the destroyers Fuceliere and Alpino were detached to join the screen of the damaged cruiser.

The Italian torpedo boat Giuseppe Sirtori later sailed from Naples to join the escort but she seem to have joined only after the attack by HrMS O 21.

1215A/29 - Heard HE bearing 184°.

1309A/29 - Sighted smoke bearing 180°.

1401A/29 - Sighted one aircraft bearing 175°.

1451A/29 - Sighted mast. Started attack. The convoy was later seen to be made up of five merchant vessels of 4000 to 5000 tons each and two Lampo class destroyers as escort.

1515A/29 - Heard the HE of what was thought to be a third destroyer.

1553A/29 - Fired four torpedoes from 4500 yards at two of the merchant ships. Seven minutes after firing a double explosion was heard. O 21 went to a depth of 35 meters and retired to the South-West upon firing so the results were not observed.

1609A/29 to 1701A/29 - Twenty-four depth charges were dropped by two of the destroyers. O 21 went to 87 meters.

1715A/29 - Heard the last HE fade out. Returned to 40 meters.

2130A/29 - Surfaced. Nothing in sight. (21)

1 Aug 1941
At 1120A/1, in approximate position 39°10'N, 09°41'E, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) sighted smoke bearing 201°. This developed into a small steamer on a westerly course proceeding towards Cavoli Island. She was last seen at 1200A/1, disappearing behind the island. She could not be attacked given the range. (6)

2 Aug 1941
At 1000A/2, in approximate position 39°00'N, 09°36'E, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) sighted a brigantine bearing 256°. She had two masts and no sails set. She was painted white. Enemy course was 056°. At 1040A/2, the brigantine was seen to set sail.

At 1245A/2, in approximate position 39°01'N, 09°32'E, HrMs O 21 sighted a schooner bearing 090°. The ship was painted black and had two masts with no sails set. Her course was to the north. At 1400A/2, the schooner was seen to set sail and proceeded up the east coast of Sardinia passing to the eastward of Serpentara Island. (6)

3 Aug 1941
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) attacked and damaged an Italian barquentine with gunfire south-east of Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy near position 38°47'N, 09°21'E. A torpedo was fired first but it ran under so O 21 surfaced and engaged with gunfire.

The target was the auxiliary schooner V 164 / Maria Teresa (219 GRT, built 1913) on night patrol off Cagliari. There was no resistance as it was only armed with two 8mm machine guns. After making an SOS, the crew of fourteen took to the lifeboats. Marina Cagliari dispatched two auxiliary minesweepers and one found the two lifeboats at dawn, there had been no casualties. The abandoned Maria Teresa was located drifting in position 38°28.5'N, 10°31.5'E (this position appears too far east and is probably a typographical error and should most likely be 09°31.5'E) and the tug Cereo towed her back to Cagliari. She was found undamaged (despite van Dulm’s claims) and immediately resumed service.

Earlier in the day more sailing vessels had already been sighted.

0750A/3, Sighted a brigantine bearing 021° at a range of 3 nautical miles. The enemy was proceeding eastwards.

0940A/3, Sighed a second brigantine (painted white) and a three masted barquentine near Serpentara Island. These were also proceeding eastwards.

1220A/3, Sighted a tree masted barquentine bearing 112°, range 3 nautical miles. She was proceeding to the south. She was last seen at 1425A/3 bearing 175°.

1720A/3, Sighted the white two-masted brigantine (earlier sighted at 1000A/2 and 0940A/3) bearing 028°. She was proceeding on a southerly course.

1830A/3 - Sighted the three-masted barquentine again (estimated size, 300 tons) bearing 208° proceeding northwards, distance was 9000 yards. Started attack.

1833A/3, Sighted a barquentine proceeding westwards.

1856A/3, Sighted a barquentine proceeding eastwards.

2013A/3 - Fired one torpedo from 1500 yards at the three-masted barquentine. It ran under her stern.
Surfaced and engaged the target with gunfire. Range 1200 to 1500 yards. 25 Rounds were fired for at least seven hits, five in the engine room and two on the forecastle. Broke off the action at 2045 hours owning to the darkness fearing that MAS boats were also in the area and could attack O 21 unobserved. Set course to return to Gibraltar. (21)

4 Aug 1941
At 1303A/4, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) sighted smoke bearing 200°. Closed to investigate.

At 1400A/4, in position 38°16'N, 04°23'E, O 21 passed astern of the Vichy French tanker Langanger (Former Norwegian, 9215 GRT, built 1930) which was proceeding on course 340° at a speed of 9 knots. (6)

6 Aug 1941
Around 0730A/6, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) ended her 12th war patrol at Gibraltar. (21)

27 Aug 1941
Around 2100A/27, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed from Gibraltar for her 13th war patrol (2nd in the Mediterranean). She is to patrol in the Tyrrhenian Sea.

For the daily and attack positions of HrMs O 21 during this patrol see the map below.

(21)

29 Aug 1941
At 1305A/29, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) sighted smoke. Course was altered to investigate.

At 1343A/29, the Vichy French merchant vessel Janine (2345 GRT, built 1918) was passed in position 37°58'N, 03°34'E. Course of the French vessel was 196° most likely proceeding to Algiers.

At 1725A/29, smoke was sighted. This was also a Vichy French merchant vessel proceeding on course 165° possibly bound for Bougie. Position was 38°10'N, 04°30'E. (6)

31 Aug 1941
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) attacked the Italian submarine Emo with two torpedoes about 70 nautical miles east-south-east of Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy in position 38°53'N, 10°38'E. Both torpedoes missed their target.

Emo was returning to Italy after operating in the Atlantic, she witnessed a torpedo track passing 1000 meters astern followed by an explosion.

0555A/31 - Sighted an Italian submarine, thought to be of the Marcello-class, bearing 280°. Started attack.

0618A/31 - Fired bow tubes 1 and 3 from 2200 yards. No hits were obtained. It was intended to fire four torpedoes but O 21 lost depth control during the attack.

0625A/31 - Heard one explosion. HE ceased.

0635A/31 - HE was heard again. Started reloading tubes 1 and 3. (21)

1 Sep 1941
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) sighted a convoy of three merchant ships about 40 nautical miles north of Isola di Ustica, Italy in position 39°19'N, 13°21'E. As the ships turned out to be Vichy French they were not attacked.

1518A/1 - Sighted three big ships right ahead, distance 7 nautical miles. Started attack. Two of the ships were later seen to have three funnels, the other ship had two funnels.

1618A/1 - Ended attack on convoy as the ships were seen to be Vichy French. The ships are thought to be the following vessels:
D'Artagnan (passenger / cargo ship, 15105 GRT, built 1925)
Champollion (passenger ship, 12263 GRT, built 1925)
Massilia (passenger / cargo (reefer) ship, 15147 GRT, built 1920).
They appeared to be heading towards the Straits of Messina.

Note: D'Artagnan was at Saigon at that time so she could not be one of the ships sighted by O 21. (21)

3 Sep 1941
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) sighted a convoy of three merchant ships about 60 nautical miles North-North-East of Isola di Ustica, Italy near position 39°45'N, 13°32'E. As the ships turned out to be Vichy French they were not attacked.

0643A/3 - Heard HE bearing 150°.

0715A/3 - Sighted smoke bearing 160°. Started attack.

0755A/3 - Sighted three ships.

0815A/3 - Identified the ships as Vichy French. Stopped attack. Convoy appeared to come from the Straits of Messina and steering for Strait Bonifacio. (21)

4 Sep 1941
While patrolling to the south of Naples Bay, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) sighted several auxiliary A/S schooners patrolling in the area during the day. (6)

5 Sep 1941
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) torpedoed and sank the Italian merchant vessel Isarco (5738 GRT, built 1924) about 30 nautical miles south-west of Isola d'Ischia, Italy in position 40°12'N, 13°17'E.

0025A/5 - Sighted a dark shape and smoke to the south-west. Distance 7 nautical miles. Started attack.

0035A/5 - Submerged and continued attack.

0120A/5 - Fired two torpedoes on merchant vessel from 900 yards. Both torpedoes hit, one beneath the bridge and one near the after hatch.

0124A/5 - Surfaced and picked up twenty-two survivors. (21)

6 Sep 1941
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) attacked an Italian convoy with two torpedoes about 50 nautical miles east of La Maddalena near position 41°05'N, 10°20'E. No hits were obtained.

These were most likely the transports Praga (3741 GRT, built 1908) and Città di Trieste (4658 GRT, built 1915). They were escorted by the armed merchant cruiser Caralis (3510 GRT, built 1928). They had left Civitavecchia at 1930B/5 and arrived at Olbia at 0840V/6, [Note that Italian time was one hour ahead of the time kept by O 21].

0405A/6 - Sighted a ship bearing 340°. Later it was seen that it was one of two merchant ships in a convoy that was escorted by an armed merchant cruiser.

0420A/6 - Submerged and started attack.

0428A/6 - Fired two torpedoes from 700 yards. Went to 35 meters. The rear ship went directly overhead. Returned to periscope depth to try to take a stern shot at this ship but this was not possible. No hits were obtained with the two torpedoes fired.

0430A/6 - Dived to 100 feet to avoid a collision with the second merchant ship.

0445A/6 - Sighted a three-masted schooner bearing 340°, range 2000 yards.

0450A/6 - Sighted a merchant vessel of about 3000 tons bearing 335°, range 6000 yards. The enemy was proceeding on courses between 210° and 270°.

1400A/6 - Sighted a motor schooner and a 1000 tons merchant vessel towing another schooner bearing 290° at a range of 6 nautical miles. Started attack.

1445A/6 - The target, the 1000 tons merchant vessel, altered course towards 020° when reaching the 100 fathom line and proceeded along the shipping lane. Stopped the attack as the distance could not be closed enough to fire torpedoed at this relatively small target.

1630A/6 - The target was last seen bearing 030°. (21)

7 Sep 1941
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) attacked but missed what is thought to be an Italian minelayer of the Fasana-class about 20 nautical miles East of La Maddalena near position 41°09'N, 09°54'E.

The target was most likely the minelayer Durazzo (610 tons, built 1927) on her way from Naples to La Maddalena where she arrived at 0845B/7 the same morning.

Twenty days later Durazzo would lay the minefield that was fatal to the submarine HMS P 311 during operation Principal (January 1943).

0105A/7 - Sighted a ship bearing 090°.

0118A/7 - Submerged but lost sight of the target.

0140A/7 - Surfaced, but remained trimmed down.

0150A/7 - Sighted the target again bearing 210°. Made an end around to get ahead of the target.

0420A/7 - Submerged. Started attack.

0453A/7 - Fired one torpedo from 500 yards. Missed. The target was now thought to be a minelayer of the Fasana class so the torpedo most likely ran under. Retired to the south-east.

0603A/7, Sighted the Vichy French evacuation convoy (from Syria) D making landfall to the south of Terranova. This convoy altered course to 060° at 0640A/7. (21)

8 Sep 1941
While on patrol near Cagliari Bay, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) tries to attack an Italian convoy but fails to do so about 5 nautical miles East of Isola Serpentara near position 39°09'N, 09°43'E.

These were most likely the transport Valverde (4463 GRT, built 1910) escorted by the armed merchant cruiser Città di Tunisi (5419 GRT, built 1929) on passage from Naples to Cagliari where they arrived at 1740B/8.

Later O 21 fired her last remaining torpedo at another Italian convoy about 15 nautical miles south-east of Isola dei Cavoli near position 38°54'N, 09°50'E. The torpedo missed.

These were probably the transports Arlesiana (5702 GRT, built 1915), Romagna (1416 GRT, built 1899), Cor Jesu (3993 GRT, built 1908). They were escorted by armed merchant cruiser Foscari (3423 GRT, built 1928). They had sailed from Cagliari at 1500B/8 for Civitavecchia.

1145A/8 - Sighted two ships bearing 023°. An Cant. Z501 aircraft was overhead. Started attack. The ships were thought to be an Asmara-type cargo vessel escorted by an armed merchant cruiser type Città di Napoli.

1307A/8 - Could not close the distance to less than 4000 yards. Concluded that attack had failed and don't fire the last remaining torpedo. Proceeded Southwards. Ships were later seen to enter Cagliari Bay.

------------------------------------------------

1800A/8 - Sighted ship bearing 265°. Distance 7000 yards. Started attack. Soon more ships were sighted. The convoy was made up of an armed merchant cruiser type Città di Napoli (possibly the same ship sighted earlier today), one small tanker (3000 tons) and two merchant vessels (7000 and 4000 tons).

1929A/8 - Fired one torpedo (the last) from 1000 yards at the 7000-ton merchant vessel. Missed. Set course to the south-west. (21)

9 Sep 1941
Around 1900A/9, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) left patrol to return to Gibraltar. (6)

10 Sep 1941
At 1215A/10, in approximate position 40°10'N, 02°47'E, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) sighted the Vichy French merchant vessel Lamoriciere (4713 GRT, built 1921) proceeding on course 020°. (6)

12 Sep 1941
Around 0800A/12, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) ended her 13th war patrol at Gibraltar. (21)

21 Sep 1941
Around 2000A/21, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed from Gibraltar for her 14th war patrol (3rd in the Mediterranean). She is to patrol in the Tyrrhenian Sea, off the East Coast of Sardinia.

For the daily and attack positions of HrMs O 21 during this patrol see the map below.

(21)

25 Sep 1941
At 1035A/25, near Cagliari, Sardinia, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) sighed two auxiliary minesweepers of about 50 to 100 tons each. Both were sweeping on a course of 070° from Cavoli Island towards Serpentara Island. They were seen to leave the area to the westwards at 1230A/25 presumably proceeding to Cagliari.

At 1523A/25, a schooner was sighted bearing 229° at a range of 4 nautical miles. The enemy was proceeding eastwards until 1530A/25 when she changed course to the westward. It was suspected to be an A/S schooner. (6)

28 Sep 1941
At 1600A/28, near Cagliari, Sardinia, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) sighed an Italian destroyer, thought to be of the Maestrale-class, proceeding on course 295° at a speed of 27 knots. The enemy passed south of Cavoli Island and was last seen entering Cagliari Bay.

At 2130A/28, O 21 left patrol off Cagliari to patrol off La Maddalena. This order was however later cancelled and at 2300A/28 course was reversed to return to patrol off Cagliari. (6)

29 Sep 1941
At 1949A/29, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) surfaced after a day of submerged patrol. She then left patrol off Cagliari to patrol to the east of northern Sardinia. (6)

30 Sep 1941
At 1503A/30, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) sighed a schooner bearing 315° at a range of 4 nautical miles. Enemy course was 045°. Also three motor launch type vessels were sighted bearing 200° at ranges between 5 and 7 nautical miles. O 21 was then in approximate position 41°06'N, 10°04'E. (6)

1 Oct 1941
At 0500A/1, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) picked up HE bearing 045° proceeding northwards. Later also HE was picked up going southwards and fast propellers passed at a rather close range. Nothing could be seen though but according to the HE that was picked up several vessels must be nearby.

At 0530A/1, two cargo ships of 3000 tons and 5000 tons were sighted. They were followed by a torpedo boat and were seen to enter the swept channel on course 270° at a speed of 6 knots. HrMs O 21 tried to close to attack but the distance could not be closed enough to fire torpedoes.

At 1015A/1, a schooner was sighted bearing 295° at a range of 8000 yards. Enemy course was 090°.

At 1500A/1, a three-masted schooner was sighted bearing 315° at a range of 3 nautical miles. Enemy course was 060°. (6)

2 Oct 1941
At 0125A/2, in approximate position 41°24'N, 10°18'E, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) sighted three ships bearing 195°.

At 0145A/2, O 21 dived to attack but the vessels could not be seen through the periscope against the black background so an attack was not possible. O 21 could not surface as she would have to do so against the lighter cloudless horizon.

By 0215A/2, the targets had passed. They were though to have been two transports of about 3000 to 4000 tons and one escort, most likely a torpedo boat. Enemy course was 030° at 10 knots.

At 0256A/2, O 21 surfaced and set course to return to patrol off the Gulf of Terranova.

At 0600A/2, a steam trawler of small coaster was sighted bearing 360° at a range of 3 nautical miles. Enemy course was 270°.

At 0900A/2, smoke was sighted inside the Gulf of Terranova but nothing developed.

At 1600A/2, a schooner was sighted bearing 197°. Enemy course was 045°. (6)

3 Oct 1941
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) torpedoed and sank the Vichy-French merchant vessel Oued Yquem (1369 GRT, built 1920) east of Cape Figari, Sardinia, Italy in position 40°58'N, 09°59'E. More ships had already been sighted earlier in the day.

0605A/3 - Sighted a 3000 tons cargo ship bearing 180° at a range of 5 nautical miles. Enemy course was 270°. The range was too great to attack and could not be closed sufficiently.

0715A/3 - Sighted what is thought to be the Vichy French troopship Colombie (13391 GRT, built 1931) leaving the Gulf of Terranova through the swept channel. She eventually (at 0740A/3) passed at a distance of 300 yards but was not attacked as O 21 was aware that this ship was to pass through this area. Her course was 360°.

1000A/3 - Sighted smoke bearing 286°. Started attack.

1100A/3 - Started attack. The ship was seen to be Vichy French but was in the attack on sighting area and O 21 was not aware of this ship being expected in this area.

1232A/3 - Fired two torpedoes from 900 yards. The first torpedo ran on the surface. The second torpedo hit the ships stern. The ship was seen to sink in three minutes, stern first with the bow rising vertically into the air. It was thought this ship was the Capitaine Saint Martin (French, 3441 GRT, built 1938) but this identification was incorrect.

1245A/4 - O 21 left her current patrol area to return to her previous patrol area off Cagliari. (21)

4 Oct 1941
At 0710A/4, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) sighted to RD-class minesweepers sweeping to the south and east of Cavoli Island.

Around 1000A/4, the minesweepers disappeared to the westwards most likely proceeding to Cagliari. (6)

5 Oct 1941
At 1903A/5, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) surfaced after a day of submerged patrol and then left patrol to return to Gibraltar. (6)

8 Oct 1941
Around 0720A/8, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) ended her 14th war patrol at Gibraltar. (21)

22 Oct 1941
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) is docked in no.3 graving dock at the Gibraltar Dockyard. (24)

27 Oct 1941
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) is undocked. (24)

6 Nov 1941
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) is wiped at Gibraltar. (3)

7 Nov 1941
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted exercises off Gibraltar with HMS Wishart (Cdr. H.G. Scott, RN) and aircraft from HMS Ark Royal (Capt. L.E.H. Maund, CBE, RN) and HMS Malaya (Capt. C. Coppinger, DSC, RN). (24)

9 Nov 1941
Around 1830A/9, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed from Gibraltar for her 15th war patrol (4th in the Mediterranean). She is to patrol in the Tyrrhenian Sea.

For the daily and attack positions of HrMs O 21 during this patrol see the map below.

(21)

11 Nov 1941
At 1030A/11, in approximate position 38°27'N, 04°25'E, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) passed a Vichy French merchant vessel of about 4000 tons. The French ship's course was 170°, possibly bound for Bougie. (6)

15 Nov 1941
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) attacked the Italian merchant vessel Ninetto G. (5355 GRT, built 1913) off Fiumicino, Italy in position 41°47'N, 12°06'E. All torpedoes fired missed their target.

The above mentioned Ninetto G. was in convoy with the merchant vessel Valsavoia (5733 GRT, 1919) proceeding to La Spezia escorted by the torpedo-boat Giacinto Carini.
Carini had just been escorting the southbound tanker Iridio Mantovani (10540 GRT, built 1939) and had met the northbound Ninetto G. and Valsavoia escorted by the torpedo-boat Perseo. The two convoys had just exchanged escort.

1530A/15 - Sighted three ships bearing 140°. The convoy consisted of one empty tanker of about 5000 tons and two merchant vessels of about the same size. They were in single line ahead. 1000 Yards on the beam on the port side there was a Lampo-class destroyer. Course of the convoy was 315°, speed 8 knots.

1535A/15 - Sighted a flying boat type Cant Z 501 that was escorting the convoy. Started attack.

1605A/15 - Sighted, at a distance of 500 yards, a torpedo boat of the Abba-class. It was followed by a laden modern tanker of about 5000 tons. O 21 went deep as the Lampo-class destroyer hoisted a flag signal and turned towards.

1616A/15 - Returned to periscope depth. The destroyer had now joined the torpedo boat in escorting the southbound tanker.

1620A/15 - The torpedo boat turned to the north and joined the northbound convoy.

1626A/15 - In position 41°47'N, 12°06'E O 21 fired two torpedoes at one of the 5000 tons merchant vessels. O 21 broke surface after venting of the first torpedo tube failed. It was intended to fire a third torpedo but this one was not fired. O 21 dived again and went to 60 meters, later coming up to 40 meters.

1636A/15 - The torpedo boat dropped its first depth charges. They were very close.

1656A/15 - The torpedo boat dropped its last depth charge and later made off to the north. (21)

16 Nov 1941
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm) attacked the Italian merchant vessel Itu (1578 GRT, built 1895) off the east coast of Sardinia about 7 nautical miles east of Cala Gonone in position 40°15'N, 09°45'E. All torpedoes fired missed their target.

0727A/16 - In position 40°15'N, 09°45'E heard HE and subsequently sighted a ship bearing 230°. It was a grey dazzle painted merchant vessel of about 3000 tons, enmy course 010° at a speed of 8 knots. Range was 4500 yards. The camouflage of the ship made it very difficult to see it against the background. Started attack.

0741A/16 - Fired two torpedoes from 2000 yards. As the ship was seen to evade the torpedo tracks these must have been sighted.

1000A/16 - Sighted a small schooner proceeding on course 190°

1245A/16 - Picked up weak HE in a northerly direction.

1300A/16 - Sighted a MAS boat, 'type MAS 501' proceeding at high speed on course 205°. HE of a second MAS boat was also picked up.

1630A/16 - Picked up HE coming from close inshore on bearing 264°. It was thought to be coming from a merchant vessel. (21)

17 Nov 1941
At 1415A/17, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) picked up HE bearing 320°. Sighted 4 small fishing craft on an easterly course towards Civitavecchia.

At 1430A/17, a 3000 tons merchant vessel was sighted close inshore proceeding southwards. O 21 set course to try to intercept this ship near Cape Linaro but after 15 minutes the ship entered Civitavecchia harbour. Meanwhile a fishing vessel was seen proceeding northwards close inshore.

Also the harbour of Civitavecchia was inspected through the periscope. It was seen to be very crowded. About 10 large to medium sized merchant vessels were seen to be in the harbour.

At 1645A/17, four merchant vessels of about 4000 to 7000 tons and an armed merchant cruiser of about 3000 tons were seen to leave harbour and form a convoy which eventually passed to the north of O 21 on courses between 230° and 250°.

At 1745A/17, HE was picked up bearing 340°. This were presumably two ships proceeding northwards.

At 1900A/17, O 21 surfaced and proceeded to try to intercept the convoy seen at 1645A/17.

At 2130A/17, O 21 dived to listen for HE as nothing had been sighted yet.

At 2219A/17, O 21 surfaced. Nothing had been heard.

At 2300A/17, O 21 dived to listen for HE as still nothing had been sighted.

At 2330A/17, O 21 surfaced. Again nothing had been heard.

At 0100A/18, O 21 dived to listen for HE once more but again nothing was picked up and O 21 surfaced again at 0128A/18.

At 0300A/18, O 21 dived to listen for HE a final time but again nothing was picked up and O 21 surfaced 22 minutes later. The chase for the convoy was abandoned and O 21 proceeded to patrol off the Gulf of Terranonva, Sardinia for the remainder of the day and then to return towards the Civitavecchia area the following night. (6)

20 Nov 1941
At 0103A/20, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) sighed two silhouettes and smoke bearing 215°. They were last seen at 0108A/20 bearing 235°.

At 0139A/20, O 21 dived as nothing was seen to try to obtain HE. HE was picked up on bearing 217°. It was thought to be one fast and one slow propeller so most likely on merchant vessel and an escort.

At 0154A/20, O 21 surfaced and proceeded on the bearing of the HE.

At 0230A/20, O 21 dived again to listen for HE which was picked up on bearing 241°.

At 0246A/20, O 21 surfaced and proceeded on the bearing of the HE but again nothing was sighted.

At 0530A/20, O 21 dived. HE was now picked up bearing 152°.

At 0550A/20, O 21 surfaced and proceeded at maximum speed to try to obtain a position for a dawn attack.

At 0615A/20, sighted a convoy of two merchant vessels with a destroyer escort. O 21 had to dive five minutes later as light was increasing. The convoy was now bearing 155° and passed outside range when they altered course from 240° to 210°. It was seen that the convoy was made up of two passenger vessels of about 7500 tons. The escort was barely visible and could have been a destroyer or torpedo boat or perhaps even a small armed merchant cruiser.

By 0730A/20, O 21 had lost sight of the convoy. They were last seen on bearing 190°. O 21 set course to proceed to patrol off the Gulf of Terranova, Sardinia. (6)

21 Nov 1941
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) attacked a liner in a convoy about 15 nautical miles south-west of Civitavecchia, Italy in position 41°55'N, 11°27'E. Two torpedoes were fired but no hits were obtained.

These were the passenger/cargo ship Città' di Trieste (4658 GRT, built 1915) which was escorted by armed merchant cruiser Piero Foscari (3423 GRT, built 1928) and the naval auxiliary Loredan (1357 GRT, built 1936) on passage from Olbia to Civitavecchia, This attack was observed and Piero Foscari and Loredan hunted the submarine and were later reinforced by a MAS-boat coming from Civitavecchia.

0645A/21 - Heard HE bearing 110°.

0705A/21 - Sighted a medium seized merchant vessel on a course of 300°. Started attack.

0710A/21 - The ship now proved to be a heavily zigzagging armed merchant cruiser belonging to a convoy of two medium seized merchant ships and one liner that was escorted by two AMC's. General course of the convoy was 045°.

0715A/21 - Dived to a greater depth as a Cant Z 501 flying boat passed overhead just after the nearest AMC had hoisted a pendant. Returned to periscope depth shortly afterwards.

0739A/21 - Fired two torpedoes at the liner from 1800 yards. Went deep. No hits were obtained.

0810A/21 - The convoy was now out of sight.

0920A/21 - A motor boat, type 'Stefano Tur', was sighted. She remained in sight until 1110A/21 while patrolling in the area.

O 21 surfaced at 1913A/21 and set course to patrol off the Gulf of Terranova. (21)

22 Nov 1941
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) sank the Italian schooner San Salvatore (92 GRT) with gunfire in the central Tyrrhenian Sea in position 41°20'N, 10°33'E.

1345A/22 - Sighted smoke bearing 280°, close inshore, it was from a vessel moving south.

1400A/22 - Sighted a schooner and also picked up it's HE bearing 287°. It passed at a range of two nautical miles to the north. It was last seen at 1630A/22 in bearing 040°.

1745A/22 - Picked up weak HE in bearing 245° but nothing was sighted.

2134A/22 - Sighted ship bearing 125°. This contact was subsequently seen to be a two-masted schooner of about 500 tons.

2145A/22 - Opened fire with the deck gun. The crew abandoned ship with their small boat after the first round.

2210A/22 - The schooner was seen to sink bow first after 47 rounds. (21)

23 Nov 1941
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) about 25 nautical miles south of Isola del Giglio, in position 41°56'N, 10°50'E, fired two torpedoes against a contact obtained by HE (Hydrophone Effect) alone. No ship was seen. Both torpedoes failed to hit their unknown target.

0028A/23 - Heard HE bearing 053°. Thought to be a convoy.

0205A/23 - In position fired two torpedoes from the deck tubes at the very distinct loud HE. The target was not seen. No hits were obtained.

0245A/23 - Surfaced and set course to patrol off the Gulf of Terranova to try to intercept the convoy at dawn.

0540A/23 - Sighted a silhouette bearing 161°. It was subsequently thought to be a large ship and a small one. O 21 had to dive at 0611A/23 due to the fact that it was getting light. It was not possible to get into torpedo range while running submerged. The attack was abandoned at 0653A/23. It was seen the convoy was made up of four ships, one passenger vessel, two cargo ships and one ship thought to be an armed merchant cruiser.

0830A/23 - The convoy was lost from sight when in entered the Gulf of Terranova most likely proceeding to Olbia. Also a schooner was now sighted bearing 084°. It was sailing on course 225°.

0900A/23 - The schooner passed O 21 and subsequently entered the Gulf of Terranova.

0950A/23 - Sighted a small steamship bearing 281° proceeding eastwards through the swept channel.

1010A/23 - The ship sighted at 0950A/23 is now thought to be a minesweeper which was now seen to returning to the westwards. (21)

24 Nov 1941
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) sank an Italian schooner with gunfire off the east coast of Sardinia, Italy about 30 nautical miles south-east of La Maddalena in position 40°56'N, 10°23'E. This was most likely the Nuovo Sant'Antonio (52 GRT) that disappeared without a trace at this time during a trip from Civitavecchia to Arbatax.

It is often stated that the schooner sunk in this attack was the Unione (216 GRT). This schooner however had foundered in bad weather on 21 November.

0150A/24 - Sighted a weak light bearing 100°.

0200A/24 - Discovered the silhouette of a small ship.

0222A/24 - Attacked a small two-masted schooner of about 250 tons with gunfire. The crew took to their small boat after the first rounds.

0238A/24 - After 21 rounds she was still afloat. One mast was shot away. The ship was then sunk by ramming as there was no more ammunition for the deck gun.

0700A/24 - Sighted a three-masted schooner of about 900 tons proceeding on course 180°. She was proceeding two nautical miles from the coast. She could not be attacked with the deck gun as all rounds had been expended. (21)

25 Nov 1941
At 1300A/25, off Cagliari Bay, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) sighted a steamship, thought to be a patrol vessel, bearing 255°. Range was 6 nautical miles. The ship was last seen around 1400A/25 bearing 267° at a range of 5 nautical miles. The enemy had been steering variable courses.

At 1630A/25, another ship was sighted. This was a merchant ship of about 5000 tons proceeding close inshore. She was rounding Cavoli Island and then proceeded on course 270°. Range was 6 nautical miles.

At 1945A/25, O 21 surfaced and left patrol to return to Gibraltar. (6)

28 Nov 1941
The German submarine U-95 was torpedoed and sunk in the western Mediterranean, about 100 nautical miles east of Gibraltar in position 36°24'N, 03°20'W by the Dutch submarine HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN).

HrMs O 21 arrived at Gibraltar later on the same day (0925A/28) ending her 15th war patrol.

0035A/28 - Sighted a suspicious silhouette bearing 085°. Stopped zigzagging and increased speed to 17 knots. It was thought that the dark shape was either a submarine of a motor launch.

0044A/28 - The suspicious ship flashed with a dimmed signal lamp.

0048A/28 - The contact again flashed the challenge. It was recognised as German by the British signalman as being German. Reduced speed to 15 knots.

0050A/28 - Fired both stern tubes in short succession. The first torpedo missed and the enemy turned away just as Lt.Cdr. van Dulm had thought he would do. The first torpedo had no effect as it passed close to the enemy's starboard site. The second one had the desired effect as it hit the U-boat abaft the conning tower and blew the stern off. The U-boat was seen to sink by the stern at an angle of 45°.

0112A/28 - O 21 now proceeded to where the enemy sank to collect evidence of this sinking when survivors were noticed in the water. 12 Survivors were picked up including the Commanding Officer.

The Germans had sighted O 21 first but as the silhouette of the Dutch submarine looked like a German U-boat a challenge was made. The quick reaction of Lt.Cdr. van Dulm had surprised the Germans. (21)

5 Dec 1941
Around 1030A/5, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed from Gibraltar bound for the U.K. where she is to refit.

She is escorted until 1445A/6, by HMS Bradford (Lt.Cdr. J.N.K. Knight, RN). (6)

5 Dec 1941
For the daily positions of HrMs O 21 during the passage from Gibraltar to the U.K. see the map below.

11 Dec 1941
Around 0815A/11, off Trevose Head, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) is joined by HMS White Bear (Cdr.(Retd.) C.C. Flemming, RN) which then escorted the submarine northwards through the Irish Sea. (6)

12 Dec 1941
Around 1420A/12, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) arrived at Holy Loch from Gibraltar. (6)

16 Dec 1941
Around 1700A/16, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed from Holy Loch for her 16th war patrol. Her refit is postponed as every submarine available is to be used to patrol off Brest, France. The British are under the impression that the German heavy ships there are about to sortie into the Atlantic Ocean.

Passage south trough the Irish Sea was made together with HMS P 39 (Lt. N. Marriott, DSC, RN) and FFS Junon (Cdr. J. Querville). The submarines were escorted by HMS La Capricieuse (Lt.Cdr. G.W. Dobson, RNR) until 1825A/18 when the escort parted company off Wolf Rock and the submarines proceeded independently to their patrol areas. (6)

16 Dec 1941
For the daily positions of HrMs O 21 during this patrol see the map below.

21 Dec 1941
Around 1900A/21, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) left patrol to return to the U.K. (6)

23 Dec 1941
Around 0810A/23, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) made rendezvous near Bishops Rock with HMS Cutty Sark (Cdr.(Retd.) R.H. Mack, RN).

HrMs O 10 (Lt. Baron D.T. Mackay, RNN) was also to join but she only arrived at the rendezvous around 1100A/23.

In the meantime HrMs O 21 had carried out three A/S exercises with HMS Cutty Sark.

On HrMs O 10 joining they set course for Milford Haven. (6)

24 Dec 1941
Around 1300A/24, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) ended her 16th war patrol at Milford Haven. It is decided after consulting experts that O 21 is not fit for further patrols due to problems with the electric motors. (6)

27 Dec 1941
Around 0850A/27, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed from Milford Haven for Dundee. At sea she joined her escort, HMS Cutty Sark (Cdr.(Retd.) R.H. Mack, RN). (25)

29 Dec 1941
Around 1315A/29, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) arrived at Dundee. (25)

30 Dec 1941
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed from Dundee for Rosyth. (25)

31 Dec 1941
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) arrive at Rosyth to remove her battery. (25)

13 Jan 1942
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) is towed from Rosyth to Grangemouth where she is to refit. (25)

18 Feb 1942
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) was docked at Grangemouth where she is undergoing a refit. (25)

12 May 1942
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) leaves the dock at the Grangemouth dockyards where she is undergoing refit. (25)

10 Jun 1942
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) was docked again at Grangemouth for some modifications to the torpedo tubes. (25)

17 Jun 1942
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) was undocked. (25)

1 Jul 1942
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) ended her refit at Grangemouth. She proceeded from Grangemouth to Rosyth on this day. (25)

2 Jul 1942
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) is wiped at Dundee and then proceeded from Rosyth to Leith. (25)

3 Jul 1942
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conduced D/G trials off Leith on completion of which she proceeded from Leith to Dundee. During the passage she was escorted by HMS Fortrose (T/Skr. A. Smith, RNR). (25)

6 Jul 1942
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted torpedo firing exercises / trials off Dundee. (25)

7 Jul 1942
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted torpedo firing exercises / trials off Dundee. (25)

9 Jul 1942
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted exercises off Dundee with HMS Loch Monteith (T/Lt. K.W. Richardson, RNR). (25)

10 Jul 1942
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted exercises off Dundee with HMS Loch Monteith (T/Lt. K.W. Richardson, RNR). (25)

16 Jul 1942
Around 1400B/16, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed from Dundee for Holy Loch. She is escorted by HrMs Jan van Gelder (Lt. P.L.M. van Geen, RNN).

Around 0630B/17, they anchored in Widewall Bay, Orkney Islands due to bad weather conditions. They entered Scapa Flow around 1400B/17.

Around 1100B/18, they departed Scapa Flow to continue their passage to the Clyde. (25)

18 Jul 1942
Around 1800B/18, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) and her escort, HrMs Jan van Gelder (Lt. P.L.M. van Geen, RNN), made rendezvous with HMS P 212 (Lt. J.H. Bromage, DSC, RN) and her current escort HMS La Capricieuse (Lt.Cdr. G.W. Dobson, RNR) coming from Lerwick. HMS P 212 then joined while HMS La Capricieuse parted company to return to Lerwick. (26)

19 Jul 1942
Around 1930B/19, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) arrived at Holy Loch from Dundee. At Holy Loch she is to undergo a period of trials and exercises. (25)

21 Jul 1942
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted exercises in Loch Long. (25)

22 Jul 1942
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted exercises in Bute Sound. (25)

23 Jul 1942
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted exercises in Inchmarnock Water. These also included a practice attack on HMS Narcissus (Lt. W.G.H. Bolton, RNR). (25)

24 Jul 1942
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted noise trials in Loch Goil. (25)

26 Jul 1942
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted a minelaying exercise in Loch Long. Three dummy mines were laid from the torpedo tubes. (25)

27 Jul 1942
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed Holy Loch to conduct exercises and trials in the Clyde area. She had to return shortly after departure due to a defect to the gyro compass. (25)

28 Jul 1942
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted speed trials on the Arran measured mile. (25)

29 Jul 1942
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted speed trials on the Arran measured mile. Also D/G trials were carried out on the D/G range off Helensburgh. (25)

2 Aug 1942
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) is docked in AFD 7 at Kames Bay, Cumbrae Island. (25)

3 Aug 1942
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) is undocked and returned to Holy Loch. (25)

4 Aug 1942
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted attack and RDF exercises in the Clyde area during which HMS Breda (Capt.(Retd.) A.E. Johnston, RN) serving as the target. Also a deep dive trial was carried out and also gunnery exercises on a target that was being towed by HMS Z 5 (T/A/Lt.Cdr. S.T. Wenlock, RNR). (25)

5 Aug 1942
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted speed trials on the Arran measured mile. She then proceeded to Rothesay where exercise torpedoes were embarked after which O 21 proceeded to Holy Loch. (25)

6 Aug 1942
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted RDF trials in the Clyde area during which she was escorted by HrMs Jan van Gelder (Lt. P.L.M. van Geen, RNN). (25)

7 Aug 1942
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted attack exercises in the Clyde area with HrMs Jan van Gelder (Lt. P.L.M. van Geen, RNN) serving as the target. Also a deep dive trial was carried out. (25)

11 Aug 1942
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted an RDF trial in Loch Long after which she proceeded to Kames Bay where she was immediately docked in AFD 7. She was undocked later the same day and then proceeded to Holy Loch. (25)

12 Aug 1942
Around 0300B/12, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed from Holy Loch for Gibraltar. This is the first leg of the trip to the Far East where she is to join the Eastern Fleet.

During the passage south through the Irish Sea she was escorted by HrMs Jan van Gelder (Lt. P.L.M. van Geen, RNN). HMS P 219 (Lt. N.L.A. Jewell, RN) and HMS P 48 (Lt. M.E. Faber, RN) were also in company.

Around 2120B/13, near the Scilly Islands, the submarines parted company with their escort. (6)

12 Aug 1942
For the daily and attack positions of HrMs O 21 during her passage from the U.K. to the Far East see the map below.

16 Aug 1942
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) fired four torpedoes against German U-boat U-254 about 200 nautical miles north-west of Cape Finisterre in approximate position 46°39'N, 12°05'W.

1630B/16 - Head HE bearing 250°.

1645B/16 - Sighted u-boat, 500 tons type, on an Easterly course.

1707B/16 - Fired four torpedoes from 3500 yards. Two torpedoes ran on the surface so were easily spotted aboard the U-boat who turned away.

[The Germans had spotted three torpedoes two of which were seen to be running on the surface so the torpedoes could easily be evaded.] (27)

20 Aug 1942
Around 2100B/20, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) arrived at Gibraltar. Some repairs were needed before O 21 would continue her passage. (6)

25 Aug 1942
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) is wiped at Gibraltar. (3)

1 Sep 1942
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted D/G trials at Gibraltar. (3)

4 Sep 1942
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted exercises to the east of Gibraltar. (3)

8 Sep 1942
Around 1700B/8, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed from Gibraltar bound for Freetown. (25)

16 Sep 1942
Around 1700Z/16, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) arrived at Freetown. During the passage, on 13 September, the Vulcan clutch of the starboard main engine had seized. Repairs were not possible at Freetown. (25)

23 Sep 1942
Around 1530Z/23, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed from Freetown for Pointe Noire. She was escorted by Commandant d'Estienne d'Orves.

Around 1000A/27, in position 02°45'N, 04°23'W, HMRT Prudent joined company. (25)

2 Oct 1942
Around 1630B/2, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN), Commandant d'Estienne d'Orves and HMRT Prudent arrived at Pointe Noire. (25)

3 Oct 1942
Around 1730B/3, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) and HMRT Prudent departed from Pointe Noire, Congo for Simonstown, South Africa. (25)

12 Oct 1942
Around 1500B/12, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) and HMRT Prudent arrived at Salandha Bay, South Africa.

The previous day they had been ordered to proceed to Salandha Bay instead of Simonstown due to the threat of German U-boats that were operating in South African waters at that time. (25)

16 Oct 1942
Around 0915B/16,HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) and HMRT Prudent departed from Salandha Bay for Simonstown. (28)

17 Oct 1942
Around 1930B/17, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) arrived at Simonstown from Salandha Bay.

At Simonstown the defective machinery (Vulcan clutch) is removed and replaced by a Vulcan clutch from HrMs O 19 (Lt.Cdr. H.F. Bach Kolling, RNN(R) that is also in Simonstown en-route from the Far East to the U.K. to be refitted. (28)

7 Dec 1942
HMS Fortune (Lt.Cdr. R.D.H.S. Pankhurst, RN) and HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) are both docked in the Selborne graving dock at the Simonstown Dockyard. (28)

15 Dec 1942
HMS Fortune (Lt.Cdr. R.D.H.S. Pankhurst, RN) and HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) are undocked. (28)

11 Jan 1943
During 11 and 12 January 1943 HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted post repair trials of Simonstown during which she was escorted by HMS Genista (Lt.Cdr. R.M. Pattinson, DSC, RNR).

On the 12th also a deep dive trial was carried out. (28)

15 Jan 1943
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducts A/S exercises off Simonstown with HMS Rockrose (Lt. E.J. Binfield, DSC, RNR), HMSAS Vereeniging and HMSAS Sonnebloem. (28)

16 Jan 1943
Around 1200B/16, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed from Simonstown for East London. She is escorted by HMS Rockrose (Lt. E.J. Binfield, DSC, RNR). (28)

18 Jan 1943
Around 1100B/18, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) and HMS Rockrose (Lt. E.J. Binfield, DSC, RNR) arrive at East London. En-route A/S exercises were carried out with Rockrose and aircraft. (28)

24 Jan 1943
Around 1500B/24, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed from East London for Diego Suarez. Upon leaving East London A/S exercises were carried out with HMS Sondra (T/Lt. W.P. Hart, RNR) which was to escort her part of the way.

At midnight during the night of 26/27 January, to the east of Durban, HMS Sondra parted company in approximate position 30°44'S, 37°50'E. (28)

1 Feb 1943
Around 1300D/1, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) arrived at Diego Suarez. (28)

4 Feb 1943
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted A/S exercises of Diego Suarez with HMIS Khyber (Lt. B.S. Soma, RIN), HMS Lurched (T/Lt. J. Muir, RNVR) and HMS Mastiff (T/Lt. C.M. Motherwell, RNVR). (28)

5 Feb 1943
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted A/S exercises of Diego Suarez with HMS Lurched (T/Lt. J. Muir, RNVR) and HMS Mastiff ((T/Lt. C.M. Motherwell, RNVR). (28)

6 Feb 1943
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted A/S exercises of Diego Suarez with HMS Lurched (T/Lt. J. Muir, RNVR) and HMS Mastiff ((T/Lt. C.M. Motherwell, RNVR). (28)

9 Feb 1943
Around 0900D/9, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed from Diego Suarez for Addu Atoll. (28)

16 Feb 1943
Around 1100FG/16, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) arrived at Addu Atoll from Diego Suarez. (28)

18 Feb 1943
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducts A/S exercises off Addu Atoll with HMS Balta (T/Lt. J.A.H. Punting, RNR).

After these exercises O 21 departed from Addu Atoll around 1830FG/18 for Colombo. (28)

21 Feb 1943
Around 1230FG/21, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) arrived at Colombo from Addu Atoll. (28)

3 Mar 1943
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) is wiped at Colombo. (3)

4 Mar 1943
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted D/G trials off Colombo. Also a trial dive is made. (3)

6 Mar 1943
Around 1000FG/6, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed from Colombo for her 17th war patrol (1st in the Far East). She was ordered to patrol in the Andaman Sea to guard the approach to Port Blair.

For the daily and attack positions of HrMs O 21 during this patrol see the map below.

(6)

11 Mar 1943
At 0820FG/11, when in approximate position 11°39'N, 92°53'E, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) sighed a small steamship of about 1000 tons bearing 325° proceeding on course 080° stearing clear to the south of Sir Hugo Rose Island. O 21 altered course to 300° to close but the ship passed to the north at a range of about 5 nautical miles and thus could not be attacked. (6)

12 Mar 1943
An diving at dawn at 0521FG/12, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) picked up HE on Asdic and the hydrophones of a ship proceeding towards Port Blair.

At 0610FG/12, a steamship was sighted entering Port Blair at a range of about 6 nautical miles.

At 0900FG/12, a motor dinghy was sighted after HE had been picked up.

At 1100FG/12, a cargo ship was seen alongside the jetty at Chatham Island.

The ship seen arriving at Port Blair and later alongside at Chatham Island must have been the Kasuga Maru No.2 (3967 GRT, built 1936, offsite link). (6)

13 Mar 1943
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) torpedoed and sank the Japanese merchant cargo ship Kasuga Maru No.2 (3967 GRT, built 1936, offsite link) off Port Blair, Andaman Islands in position 11°39'N, 92°49'E.

0720FG/13 - The cargo ship that was sighted yesterday was seen moving around the bay as if to leave Port Blair. Prepared to attack.

0730FG/13 - The ship was seen to leave the bay. The size of the ship was estimated at 4000 tons.

0750FG/13 - In position 11°39'N, 92°49'E fired four torpedoes from 1400 yards. Two hits were obtained and the ship sank in five minutes. O 21 retired to the South-East. Two small enemy motor launches left the harbour to hunt the submarine but they were unsuccessful.

With the patrol off Port Blair now compromised, O 21 left the area to patrol off Phuket. (6)

19 Mar 1943
Around 1915FG/19, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) left patrol to return to Ceylon. During the second half of her patrol, off Phuket, only some small vessels, mostly junks, have been sighted. (6)

24 Mar 1943
Around 1720FG/24, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) ended her 17th war patrol (1st in the Far East) at Colombo. Around 1530FG/24, she was joined by the auxiliary patrol trawler HMS Okapi. (6)

9 Apr 1943
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted A/S exercises off Colombo with HMAS Tamworth (T/Lt. W.H. Deans, RANR(S)). (29)

11 Apr 1943
Around 2100FG/11, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed from Colombo for her 18th war patrol (2nd in the Far East). She was ordered to patrol in the Malacca Straits. A special operation is also to be carried out.

For the daily and attack positions of HrMs O 21 during this patrol see the map below.

(6)

17 Apr 1943
At 1920FG/17, while to the north-east of Belawan, Sumatra in approximate position 04°02'N, 99°08'E, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) sighted a small motor launch proceeding to the north-east. (6)

18 Apr 1943
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted special operation ' May '. Two groups of four men each were landed on the Malayan coast to the south of the Sembilan Islands.

[No further details available.] (6)

20 Apr 1943
At 2110FG/20, in approximate position, 04°28'N, 100°16'E, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) sighed two small ships bearing 180° at a range of about 6 nautical miles. They were proceeding on course of 340° at 6 knots. They were at first thought to be fishing vessels, then minesweepers but were eventually seen to be small motor coasters of about 250 tons each. They were about 500 yards apart. They passed at a distance of about 2 nautical miles. Lt.Cdr. van Dulm decided to patrol off the Sembilan Islands as it was expected more similar vessels would be proceeding through these waters. (6)

22 Apr 1943
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm) torpedoed and sank the Japanese army cargo ship Yamazato Maru (6925 GRT, built 1937) in the Malacca Strait in position 03°26'N, 99°48'E. Yamazato Maru was escorted by the Japanese minelayer Hatsutaka (offsite link).

A few hours later an attack on another, so far unidentified, Japanese ship in position 03°23'N, 100°07'E failed to produce any hits.

0045FG/22 - In position 03°07'N, 100°40'E sighted the silhouette of a ship bearing 182°.

0047FG/22 - Dived. HE was picked up.

0135FG/22 - HE was still being picked up but became weaker.

0151FG/22 - Surfaced and sighted a ship bearing 251°, distance 7 nautical miles.

0350FG/22 - Sighted an escort vessel ahead of the main target.

0500FG/22 - Dived at dawn.

0511FG/22 - The target was seen to be a large camouflaged merchant ship of about 7000 tons. The escort was thought to be a Chidori-class torpedo boat. Started attack.

0540FG/22 - In position 03°26'N, 99°48'E fired four torpedoes from 2000 yards resulting in two hits. One just in front of the bridge and one in hold number 5. The ship broke in two with the front part capsizing and sinking slowly. The aft part burst into flames and sank quickly.

0601FG/22 - The escort dropped a pattern of four depth charges but these were not close. O 21 retired to the East-North-East.

0830 hours - The escort was now lost out of sight.

-----------------------------------------

1110FG/22 - In position 03°28'N, 100°03'E sighted a ship bearing 090°. Started attack with the deck torpedo tubes but one of the doors could not be opened properly so abandoned this plan and went for an attack with the stern torpedo tubes.

1149FG/22 - In position 03°23'N, 100°07'E fired two stern torpedoes at the target that was thought to be of about 2000 tons. Range 700 yards. The torpedoes missed. It appeared the target saw the tracks and avoided. She altered course and made for the submarine.

1152FG/22 - The ship dropped three depth charges about 300 yards away. O 21 took avoiding action.

1202FG/22 - Two more depth charges were dropped about 1000 yards away. O 21 cleared the area to the North.

1246FG/22 - Two more depth charges were dropped 1800 yards away.

1300FG/22 - Saw an aircraft circling the area. Went to 75 feet and came to periscope depth every 20 minutes.

1315FG/22 - Saw a what is thought to be a torpedo boat of the Chidori-type and most likely the same one as this morning joining the hunt.

1500FG/22 - Nothing in sight now. (6)

24 Apr 1943
Around 1420FG/24, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm) sighted a ship approaching Sabang from the south. This ship entered harbour around 1500FG/24. The vessel was thought to be the Sabangbaai which was a tug of 181 GRT built in 1903. It was known that this tug was taken as a prize by the Japanese at Sabang.

At 1530FG/24, a small, engine aft, coaster, was seen approaching from the south. This vessel entered harbour at 1615FG/24.

At 1700FG/24, the harbour was investigated. The boom defence vessel was seen to be working on the boomnets. (6)

25 Apr 1943
Around 0930FG/25, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm) sighed a vessel, again (see yesterday) thought to be the former tug Sabangbaai (181 GRT, built 1903). The enemy vessel was southbound between Pulau Weh and Achin Head.

Around 1930FG/25, HrMs O 21 left patrol to return to Colombo. (6)

29 Apr 1943
Around 1550FG/29, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) ended her 18th war patrol (2nd in the Far East) at Colombo. Around 1410FG/29, she was joined by the auxiliary patrol trawler HMS Okapi which escorted her in. (6)

7 May 1943
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) and HrMs O 23 (Lt.Cdr. A.M. Valkenburg, RNN) were both docked in the outer graving dock at Colombo. (30)

10 May 1943
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) and HrMs O 23 (Lt.Cdr. A.M. Valkenburg, RNN) were both undocked. (30)

25 May 1943
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted independent exercises off Colombo. (29)

28 May 1943
Around 1730FG/28, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed from Colombo for her 19th war patrol (3rd in the Far East). She was ordered to patrol in the northern end of the Malacca Straits.

For the daily positions of HrMs O 21 during this patrol see the map below.

(6)

12 Jun 1943
At 0150FG/12, when to the south-west of Penang in position 04°38'N, 99°46'E, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) sighted the silhouette of a small ship with a big bow wave proceeding northwards. The enemy speed was at least 12 knots but most likely more.

At 0155FG/12, the ship was now 4 points on the starboard bow and was now less then 2 miles away. A second bow wave was now sighted 3 points on the starboard bow. O 21 dived and the HE of two ships and possibly three ships was picked up.

By 0230FG/12, HE faded out on bearing 350°. The ships were thought to have been submarine chasers or other small escort vessels possibly escorting another ship.

At 0254FG/12, O 21 surfaced and set course for the southern approaches to Penang.

At 1440FG/12, when in position 05°03'N, 100°07'E, a small motor launch or possibly a motor fishing craft was seen approaching the southern entrance to Penang.

At 1755FG/12, when in position 05°03'N, 100°06'E, sighed a merchant vessel of about 3000 tons leaving the southern entrance to Penang on a south-west course. Range was 8 nautical miles. Course was altered to 160° and speed was increased to 5 knots to try to intercept after dark.

At 1852FG/12, O 21 surfaced and continued on course 160° at a speed of 15 knots.

At 1922FG/12, O 21 sighted a ship of an unknown type 20° on the starboard bow at a range of 5 nautical miles. Altered course to intercept.

At 1935FG/12, when in position 04°53'N, 100°06'E, another ship was sighted 20° on the port bow now bearing 120° at a range of 7 nautical miles. It was thought this was a torpedo-boat. O 21 altered course to 340°.

By 2000FG/12, it was apparent that interception was not possible and the chase was abandoned. Course was set to patrol off Diamond Head. (6)

14 Jun 1943
At 1925FG/14, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) surfaced to the north-west of Pulau Weh and left patrol to return to Colombo. The last two days, while patrolling off northern Sumatra, only a few small vessels, mostly junks, had been sighted. (6)

18 Jun 1943
Around 1700FG/18, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) ended her 19th war patrol (3rd in the Far East) at Colombo. (6)

8 Jul 1943
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted independent exercises off Colombo. (31)

9 Jul 1943
Around 1730FG/9, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed from Colombo for Exmouth Gulf, Australia.

For the daily and attack positions of HrMs O 21 during the passage to Exmouth Gulf see the map below.

(31)

20 Jul 1943
Around 1015H/20, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) arrived at Exmouth Gulf, Australia. After fuelling she went alongside USS Chanticleer (Lt.Cdr. R.E. Hawes, USN) for some voyage repairs before she would be able to proceed on patrol. (31)

23 Jul 1943
Around 0400H/23, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed from Exmouth Gulf for her 20th war patrol. She is to conduct several special operations (under the control of the Dutch NEFIS organisation) off the South coast of Java and Bali and also to the North of Bali and in the Kangean Archipaligo.

[The positions of O 21 are 'coded' in the ships log. The ships positions were 'decoded' by us with help of a report in Dutch language on this patrol (No report in English has been found in Dutch or British archives.)]

For the daily and attack positions of HrMs O 21 during this patrol see the map below.

(3)

27 Jul 1943
During the period of 27 July to 29 July, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) is to make rendezvous off Pulau Sempoe (now Sumbermanjing) with a small sailing vessel carrying an agent. However no sailing vessel displaying the secret markings that were agreed shows up. (3)

31 Jul 1943
During the afternoon, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) performs a periscope reconnaissance of the airfield near Kuta, Bali. (3)

1 Aug 1943
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) landed an agent near Pang Pang Bay on the south-east tip of Java (in Strait Bali). Also a reconnaissance party made up of crewmembers of O 21 was briefly sent out.

0430H/1 - Sighted the lading area.

0542H/1 - Dived. Remained near the mouth of the bay during the day.

1945H/1 - Surfaced.

2020H/1 - Land party no. 2 (three members of the crew of O 21) to reconnoitre a possible landing area.

2215H/1 - Party no. 2 returned. They had not seen any Japanese.

2245H/1 - Party no. 1 and agent '289' were landed.

0100H/2 - Party no. 1 returned. (3)

2 Aug 1943
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) landed a party (party no. 2 made up of crewmembers of O 21) to reconnoitre a possible landing place in the Pang Pang Bay. They are back on board after nearly 2 hours.

0550H/2 - Dived and returned to the Pang Pang Bay. It was not possible to enter the bay due to the bad visibility.

1600H/2 - Entered the bay.

1830H/2 - Bottomed in 14.5 meters of water.

1920H/2 - Surfaced.

2015H/2 - Landed party no. 2 to reconnoitre the landing area. Two small fishing vessels are laying on the beach nearby.

2150H/2 - Party no. 2 returned. Again no Japanese had been sighted by them. (3)

3 Aug 1943
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) landd a party (party No. 2) to reconnoitre a possible landing place near the Pang Pang Bay. They are back on board after about one hour.

Shortly afterwards party No. 1 departed from O 21 in their rubber boat to pick up the agent landed on 1 August. He does not show up and the landing party also don't return to O 21 at the agreed time.

0550H/3 - Dived and remain North of the Pang Pang bay.

1200H/3 - Entered the bay.

1415H/3 - Bottomed at 13 meters inside the bay. Kept periscope watch for a small sailing vessel that showed the agreed markings. None however was seen during the day.

1915H/3 - Surfaced.

2000H/3 - Landed party no. 2 to check one of the landing areas.

2100H/3 - The party returned and reported that they had sighted nothing.

2130H/3 - Sent landing party no. 1 to the place where the agent was landed two day previously. They were soon lost out of sight in the diminishing visibility.

2145H/3 - Signals were sighted on the shore but these could not be read due to the bad visibility. They were thought to be from the landing party. Later it was thought they must have been made by agent '289'.

2300H/3 - The signals were still seen on the same place. Signals from O 21 were however not answered. Due to the further diminishing visibility contact was lost around midnight.

0115H/4 - As it was thought that the dinghy of party no. 1 was lost it was decided to sent party no. 2 to look for them.

0400H/4 - Party no. 2 returned. They were unable to find party no. 1.

0410H/4 - O 21 departed the bay.

0546H/4 - Dived. (3)

4 Aug 1943
During the afternoon the lost party no. 1 is spotted on a beach in the Pang Pang Bay. Contact was established and after dark they were able to return to HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN). The agent they were to pick up was however not seen again.

1100H/4 - Set course towards the entrance to the bay.

1330H/4 - Entered the bay. Sighted party no. 1 on a beach. Signalled with the periscope. Signals were answered. It was agreed that they were to be picked up after dark.

1520H/4 - Bottomed in 12 meters of water.

1915H/4 - Surfaced and sent party no. 2 to the shore to pick up party no. 1.

2000H/4 - Both party's returned to the submarine. During the remainder of the evening O 21 tried to establish contact with agent '289', All attempts were however unsuccessful.

2300H/4 - Left the bay. (3)

5 Aug 1943
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) transited Lombok Strait northwards. (3)

6 Aug 1943
In the period 6 August to 8 August, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) is to make rendez-vouz off Goa Goa (now Goa-Daja) with a small sailing vessel carrying an agent. However no sailing vessel displaying the secret markings that were agreed shows up. A small sailing vessel that was thought to show one of the secret markings was stopped on the 7th but as this proved to be a native fishing vessel it was released. (3)

9 Aug 1943
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) performs a periscope reconnaissance of the north-west coast of Bali. (3)

10 Aug 1943
In the early morning hours, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) lands party no. 2 on Hertenbeest (Deer) Island, that lays off the north-west coast of Bali. They are to spot aircraft movements during the day.

After dark they were taken off again. They had also shot a deer and brought with them fresh meat for two days. (3)

12 Aug 1943
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) arrived at a rendez-vouz off Tandjung Djankar, Java (now Jangkar). No small sailing vessel with the agreed markings shows up.

After dark O 21 is detected and depth charged by a Japanese A/S vessel at the eastern entrance to Strait Madura near position 07°32'S, 114°18'E.

1945H/8 - Sighted ship shape bearing 285°.

1955H/8 - Thought to have seen lights in the same direction.

2015H/8 - The ship is lost out of sight, but picked up again shortly afterwards. They had turned towards and were rapidly closing.

2020H/8 - The ship signalled and then opens fire with a machine gun.

2022H/8 - Dived.

2025H/8 - 2028H/8 - Nine depth charges were dropped.

2040H/8 - Three more depth charges were dropped.

2400H/8 - HE faded out bearing 128°. One hour later O 21 surfaces to find nothing in sight. (3)

13 Aug 1943
During the evening, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) is detected and depth charged by a Japanese A/S trawler South of Kangean Island near position 07°03'S, 115°20'E. Minor damage is sustained but O 21 manages to escape on the surface after dark.

1908H/13 - Surfaced.

1932H/13 - Due to a lightning bolt sighted a ship with two masts and one funnel.

1934H/13 - Dived. No HE was picked up.

1950H/13 - Nothing could be sighted through the periscope.

1955H/13 - Strange noises were picked up on Asdic. Shortly afterwards HE was picked up from a ship crossing shortly ahead from Starboard to Port.

1958H/13 - 4 depth charges explode near the bow causing minor damage.

2030H/13 - No HE heard anymore.

0025H/14 - Nothing in sight so surfaced.

0030H/14 - Sighted Japanese A/S trawler 5 nautical miles away.

0034H/14 - The trawler is seen to increase speed and turn towards. O 21 also increased speed to outrun the trawler on the surface.

0045H/14 - The trawler was no longer in sight. Shortly before 0200H/14 she was sighted again but after a change of course she was lost out of sight not to be seen again. (3)

16 Aug 1943
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) transited Lombok Strait southwards. (3)

20 Aug 1943
Around 1140H/20, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) ended her 20th war patrol (4th in the Far East) at Exmouth Gulf. (3)

21 Aug 1943
Around 0800H/21, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed from Exmouth Gulf for Fremantle. (31)

24 Aug 1943
Around 0820H/24, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) arrived at Fremantle. Besides the normal repairs after a patrol, O 21 has some problems with her diesel engines for which she was to be taken in hand by USS Pelias (T/Capt. W. Wakefield, USN). (31)

6 Sep 1943
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) is put on the slip at Fremantle. (31)

11 Sep 1943
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) is put back in the water. (31)

1 Oct 1943
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNethN) and HrMs K XII (Lt.Cdr. T. Brunsting, RNethN) conducted attack and A/S exercises off Fremantle with HrMs Tjerk Hiddes (Lt.Cdr. W.J. Kruys, RNethN) (32)

14 Oct 1943
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducts A/S and attack exercises near Fremantle with the armed yacht USS Isabel (T/Lt.Cdr. F.D. Buckley, USN). (33)

15 Oct 1943
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducts A/S and attack exercises near Fremantle with HMAS Dubbo (T/Lt. N.G. Weber, RANR(S)). (33)

20 Oct 1943
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted exercises off Fremantle. (3)

22 Oct 1943
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted gunnery exercises off Fremantle. (3)

26 Nov 1943
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted post repair trials off Fremantle. (3)

28 Nov 1943
Around 0900H/28, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed from Fremantle for Colombo. It is decided that she is to return to the U.K. for a refit.

For the daily and attack positions of HrMs O 21 during the passage to the U.K. see the map below.

(33)

11 Dec 1943
Around 1740FG/11, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) arrived at Colombo from Fremantle. (33)

28 Dec 1943
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) conducted post repair trials off Colombo. Also A/S exercises were carried out with Poona (T/Lt. Z.N. Mirza, RINR) and HMIS Sonavati (T/Lt. A. Brittain, RINR). (3)

30 Dec 1943
Around 1745FG/30, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed from Colombo for Aden. (33)

8 Jan 1944
Around 1400C/8, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) arrived at Aden from Colombo. (33)

9 Jan 1944
Around 1700C/9, the submarine HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) and the landing ships Boxer (Lt.Cdr. G.B Herbert-Jones, RNR), HMS Bruiser (Lt.Cdr. J. Stretch, RD, RNR) and HMS Thruster (A/Lt.Cdr.(Retd.) A.W. McMullan, DSC, RNR) departed from Aden for Port Said.

The submarine parted company with the landing ships after they had passed the Bab al-Mandab Strait around 0240C/10. (33)

14 Jan 1944
Around 0815B/14, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) arrived at Suez from Aden. (33)

15 Jan 1944
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) transited the Suez Canal northbound and arrived at Port Said. (33)

22 Jan 1944
Around 1600B/22, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed from Port Said for Malta. (33)

25 Jan 1944

Convoy GUS 29.

This convoy departed Port Said on 25 January 1944.

On departure from Port Said the convoy was made up of the transports / tankers; A.C. Bedford (British (tanker), 9485 GRT, built 1918), Arthur R.P. Davis (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Arthur Riggs (American, 7180 GRT, built 1943), Charles Crocker (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Clan MacNeil (British, 6111 GRT, built 1922), Edward Bruce (British, 7219 GRT, built 1943), Forest (British, 4998 GRT, built 1937), Fort Bedford (British, 7127 GRT, built 1943), Fort Kaskaskia (British, 7187 GRT, built 1943), Frank A. Vanderlip (British, 7219 GRT, built 1943), Heimvard (Norwegian, 4851 GRT, built 1930), Rodsley (British, 5000 GRT, built 1939), Samburgh (British, 7219 GRT, built 1943), Samcleve (British, 7219 GRT, built 1943), Samgara (British, 7219 GRT, built 1943), Samida (British, 7219 GRT, built 1943) and Skotaas (Norwegian (tanker), 8190 GRT, built 1931). The LST USS LST 261 (Lt.Cdr. L.I. Reilley, USCG) was also part of the convoy. They were escorted by the corvettes HMS Bergamot (Lt. R.T. Horan, RNR) and HMS Bryony (T/Lt. T. Hand, RNR).

On 26 January 1944, the following transports / tankers departed Alexandria to join the convoy; E. Kirby Smith (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Empire Peak (British, 7045 GRT, built 1943), Empire Southey (British, 7041 GRT, built 1942), Fort Brandon (British, 7131 GRT, built 1943), Fort Caribou (British, 7132 GRT, built 1943), Fort Remy (British, 7127 GRT, built 1943), George Walton (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Jared Ingersoll (American, 7191 GRT, built 1942), John J. Crittenden (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Lot Whitcomb (American, 7180 GRT, built 1943), Louis A. Sengteller (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Meonia (Danish, 5214 GRT, built 1927), Pan-Rhode Island (American (tanker), 7742 GRT, built 1941), Patrick C. Boyle (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Samarkand (British, 7219 GRT, built 1943), Samphire (British, 7219 GRT, built 1943), Stancleeve (British, 5970 GRT, built 1942), Talma (British, 10000 GRT, built 1923), Van der Capelle (Dutch, 7037 GRT, built 1942) and Woodlark (British, 1501 GRT, built 1928). They were escorted by the corvettes HMS La Malouine (Lt. W.A. Ives, RNR), HMS Myosotis (T/Lt. R. Lugg, RNR) and HMS Primula (T/Lt. E.N. Wilding, RNVR) which also joined the convoy.

On 30 January 1944, the following transports / tankers departed Augusta to join the convoy; Arthur Dobbs (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Belgian Sailor (Belgian, 7028 GRT, built 1942), Charles Goodyear (American, 7176 GRT, built 1942), Charles Piez (American, 7191 GRT, built 1943), Cistula (Dutch (tanker), 8097 GRT, built 1939), Daniel H. Lownsdale (American, 7176 GRT, built 1942), Djebel Aures (French, 2835 GRT, built 1929), Empire Harbour (British (tanker), 797 GRT, built 1943), Fort Norman (British, 7133 GRT, built 1942), George Leonard (American, 7176 GRT, built 1942), James M. Wayne (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), John C. Breckinridge (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Keilehaven (Dutch, 2968 GRT, built 1919), Louis McLane (American, 7176 GRT, built 1942), Marit Maersk (Greek (former Danish), 1894 GRT, built 1938), Thomas Nelson Page (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Timothy Bloodworth (American, 7191 GRT, built 1943) and William L. Yancey (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943).

On 31 January 1944, the following transports / tankers arrived at Augusta after having parted company with the convoy; Arthur R.P. Davis, Empire Peak, Empire Southey, Fort Brandon, Fort Caribou, Fort Remy, Pan-Rhode Island, Samphire, Stancleeve and Van der Capelle.

On 31 January 1944, the following transports / tankers arrived at Augusta after having parted company with the convoy; Forest, Meonia, Skotaas, Talma and Woodlark.

On 31 January 1944, the submarine HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed Malta and joined the convoy. HMS Primula arrived at Malta after having been detached from the convoy.

On 1 February 1944, the following transports / tankers arrived at Bizerta after having parted company with the convoy; A.C. Bedford, Charles Goodyear, Djebel Aures and Empire Harbour. USS LST-261 was also detached to Bizerta. The following transports / tankers joined the convoy coming from Bizerta; Atlantic Coast (British, 890 GRT, built 1934), Black Hawk (American, 7191 GRT, built 1943), Bruce M. (British, 1887 GRT, built 1927), Cotton Valley (British, 1155 GRT, built 1943), Edward Burleson (American, 7244 GRT, built 1943), Empire Cavalier (British (tanker), 9891 GRT, built 1942), Empire Charmian (British, 7519 GRT, built 1943), Empire Emerald (British (tanker), 8032 GRT, built 1941), Empire Marvell (British (tanker), 9812 GRT, built 1942), Empire Perdita (British, 7028 GRT, built 1943), Empire Snow (British, 6327 GRT, built 1941), Esso Concord (American (tanker), 7698 GRT, built 1940), Fort de Douaumont (French, 5266 GRT, built 1918), Harry Lane (American, 7176 GRT, built 1942), Hebe II (British, 957 GRT, built 1912), Joseph Pulitzer (American, 7176 GRT, built 1942), Largs Bay (British, 14182 GRT, built 1921), Lawrence D. Tyson (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Linge (Dutch, 2114 GRT, built 1928), William Patterson (American, 7191 GRT, built 1942) and Zane Gray (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943). The AA cruiser HMS Colombo (Capt. H.W. Williams, RN) and the (damaged) destroyer HMS Jervis (Lt.Cdr. R.P. Hill, DSO, DSC, RN) also joined the convoy.

On 2 February 1944, the following transports arrived at Bone after having parted company with the convoy; Belgian Sailor, Fort Norman, James M. Wayne and Linge while the following transports / tankers joined the convoy coming from Bone; Anna N. Goulandris (Greek, 4358 GRT, built 1921), Gulfgem (American (tanker), 6784 GRT, built 1920), P.L.M. 17 (British (former French), 4008 GRT, built 1922) and Skeldergate (British, 4251 GRT, built 1930).

On 2 February 1944, the following transports arrived at Bone after having parted company with the convoy; Arthur Dobbs and Cotton Valley while the following transports / tankers joined the convoy coming from Philippeville; Henry Baldwin (American, 7176 GRT, built 1942) and James Jackson (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943).

On 3 February 1944, the transport Empire Charmian arrived at Bougie after having parted company with the convoy.

On 3 February 1944, the following transports arrived at Algiers after having parted company with the convoy; Charles Piez, Daniel H. Lownsdale, Fort de Douaumont, George Leonard, Hebe II, Joseph Pulitzer, Marit Maersk and William Patterson while the following transports joined the convoy coming from Algiers; Appledore (British, 5218 GRT, built 1929), Baron Douglas (British, 3899 GRT, built 1932), Coulmore (British, 3670 GRT, built 1936), David L. Swain (American, 7177 GRT, built 1943), Ingleton (British, 7203 GRT, built 1942), Kelbergen (Dutch, 4823 GRT, built 1914), Lafcadio Hearn (American (tanker), 7218 GRT, built 1943), Lornaston (British, 4934 GRT, built 1925), Mount Othrys (Greek, 6527 GRT, built 1919), Ocean Vigil (British, 7174 GRT, built 1941) and Stanford Newel (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943).

On 4 February 1944, the following transports arrived at Oran after having parted company with the convoy; Anna N. Goulandris, Atlantic Coast, Coulmore, David L. Swain, Louis McLane, Thomas Nelson Page and Zane Gray while the following transports / tanker joined the convoy coming from Algiers; Gallium (French, 1775 GRT, built 1924), Hiram S. Maxim (American, 7194 GRT, built 1943), Iroquois (British (tanker), 8937 GRT, built 1907), O'Henry (American, 7181 GRT, built 1942) and Parame (French, 2337 GRT, built 1918).

On 5 February 1944, the following transports / tankers arrived at Oran after having parted company with the convoy; Appledore, Baron Douglas, Bruce M., Clan MacNeil, Empire Perdita/, Empire Snow, Ingleton, Iroquois, Kelbergen, Largs Bay, Lornaston, Ocean Vigil, P.L.M. 17, Rodsley and Skeldergate. Also arriving at Gibraltar were HMS Colombo, HMS Jervis, HMS Bergamot, HMS Bryony, HMS La Malouine, HMS Myosotis and HrMs O 21.

Also on 5 February 1944, the following transports / tankers departed Gibraltar to join the convoy; E.W. Sinclair (American (tanker), 10907 GRT, built 1942), Empire Plover (British, 6109 GRT, built 1920), Empire Tana (British, 6275 GRT, built 1922), Luther Martin (American, 7191 GRT, built 1942) and Ocean Valentine (British, 7174 GRT, built 1942). They were escorted by a new, American, escort made up of the destroyer USS Gleaves (T/Cdr. B.L. Gurnette, USN, with COMTASKFOR 63, Capt. H.S. Berdine, USCG on board) and the destroyer escorts USS J. Richard Ward (Lt. D.A. Smith, USNR, with COMCORTDIV 63, Capt. T.S. Dunstan, USNR, on board), USS Keith (Lt. J.L. Rinn, USNR), USS Otterstetter (Lt. L.E. Whitmore, USNR), USS Sloat (Lt.Cdr. W.A. Cashman, USNR) and USS Tomich (Lt. C.B. Brown, USNR).

Around 2200A/5, the convoy was joined by the destroyer escorts USS Sellstrom (Cdr. W.L. Maloney, USCG, with COMCORTDIV 7, Cdr. F.P. Vetterick, USNR, on board), USS Mills (Lt.Cdr. J.S. Muzzy, USCG), USS Ramsden (Cdr. J.E. Madacey, USCG), USS Rhodes (Cdr. E.A. Coffin, Jr., USCG) and USS Savage (Cdr. O.C. Rohnke, USCG) which had first been on an A/S sweep.

On 5 February 1944, the Casablanca section of the convoy departed that place. It was made up of the tanker Taria (Dutch (tanker), 10354 GRT, built 1939) and the naval tanker USS Mattaponi (T/Capt. M.C. Barrett, USN). They were escorted by the seaplane tender USS Matagorda (Cdr. A. Crinkley, USN), destroyer escort USS Richey (Cdr. P.DuP. Mills, USCG) and the patrol vessels USS PC-475 (Lt. W.W. Devine, Jr., USNR) and USS PC-481 (Lt. D.W. Hunter, USNR). They made rendezvous with the convoy around 1045A/6 when the tankers and USS Richey joined the convoy. USS Matagorda, USS PC-475 and USS PC-481 then set course to return to Casablanca taking the transports / tankers E.W. Sinclair, Empire Plover, Empire Tana, Gallium, Keilehaven, Mount Othrys, Ocean Valentin and Parame with them. They all arrived at Casablanca on 7 February 1944.

Around 1330Z/8, USS Tomich was detached to proceed to the Azores to escort the Azores section of the convoy which was to join the convoy from there.

Around 1030Z/10, USS Tomich rejoined the convoy from the Azores. She had the transports Abraham Baldwin (American, 7176 GRT, built 1942) and Phineas Banning (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943) with her which joined the convoy.

Also on 10 February 1944, USS Gleaves fuelled from USS Mattaponi.

Around 1530Z/11, USS Tomich parted company with the convoy to make rendezvous with the tanker Katy (Norwegian (tanker), 6826 GRT, 1931) coming from the Azores.

Around 0630Z/14, USS Tomich and the Katy (re)joined the convoy.

Also on 14 February 1944, USS Gleaves again fuelled from USS Mattaponi.

Around 2200Z/18, USS Mattaponi and the transport Samgara were detached to Bermuda taking USS Tomich with them as escort. The Samgara had problems with her rudder.

Around 1200Z/19, USS Mills parted company to proceed to Bermuda to land a medical case.

Around 2100Z/19, the transports Frank A. Vanderlip and John J. Crittenden were detached to proceed independently to Saint John, New Brunswick and Boston respecively.

Around 0330Z/20, USS Mills rejoined from Bermuda.

Around 1215Z/20, the tanker Gulfgem was detached to proceed independently to Harbor Island, Texas.

Around 0630Z/21, the Chesapeake Bay section of the convoy parted company. It was made up of 14 ships and was escorted to Hampton Roads by USS Sellstrom, USS Ramsden, USS Rhodes and USS Savage. The Chesapeake Bay section arrived at its destination the following morning.

Around 0300Z/22, USS Mills was detached to escort two ships to Delaware Capes where they arrived in the afternoon.

In the evening of 22 February 1944, the remaining ships of the convoy arrived at New York.

27 Jan 1944
Around 1830A/27, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) arrived at Malta. (33)

31 Jan 1944
Around 0515A/31, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed from Malta, she then joined convoy GUS 29 around 1045A/31 for the passage to Gibraltar.

During the passage from Malta to the rendezvous position with the convoy HrMs O 21 was escorted by HMS Falk (T/Lt. W. Metcalfe, RNVR).

[For more info on this convoy see the event ' Convoy GUS 29 ' for 25 January 1944.] (33)

5 Feb 1944
Around 1900A/5, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) arrived at Gibraltar. (34)

10 Feb 1944
Around 0700A/10, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) departed from Gibraltar for the U.K. She was escorted out by HMS Kilbirnie (T/Lt. E.R.H. Seddon, RNVR) until 1830A/11. (34)

18 Feb 1944
Around 0915A/18, off the Scilly Islands, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) was joined by HMS Wallflower (Lt. G.R. Greaves, RNR) which then escorted her northwards through the Irish Sea. (6)

20 Feb 1944
HMS Sea Nymph (Lt. J.P.H. Oakley, DSC, RN) and HMS Tudor (Lt. S.A. Porter, DSC, RN) departed the Clyde for Lerwick and Scapa Flow respectively. They made the passage north through the Minches together with HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) which they joined off Sandra Island. They were escorted by HMS Wallflower (Lt. G.R. Greaves, RNR).

Around 1145A/21, HMS Sea Nymph parted company to proceed to Lerwick escorted by HMS Wallflower. HMS Tudor entered Scapa Flow. HrMs O 21 was joined at 1330A/21 by HMS Lord Ashfield (T/Lt. J.B. Morpeth, RNR) which was to escort her to Dundee. (35)

22 Feb 1944
Around 0900A/22, HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. J.F. van Dulm, RNN) arrived at Dundee.

At Dundee the battery will be removed and a new battery will be installed. It has been decided that O 21 is to refit in the U.S.A. (34)

30 Mar 1944
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) is wiped at Dundee. (3)

5 Apr 1944
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) conducted compass adjustment trials at Dundee. (3)

7 Apr 1944
Around 1700B/7, HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) departed from Dundee for Holy Loch. She was escorted out by HMS ML 229 (T/Lt. W.C.R. Walsh, RNVR).

At sea HrMs O 21 then joined the new constructionn submarine Voracious (Lt. F.D.G. Challis, DSC, RN) and her escort, the new construction corvette HMS Knaresborough Castle (Lt. J.R. Freeman, RNR) which were coming from Blyth. (34)

10 Apr 1944
Around 0800B/10, HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) arrived at Holy Loch from Dundee. (34)

16 Apr 1944
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) conducted speed trials on the Arran measured mile. (3)

18 Apr 1944
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) is docked in AFD 7 at Holy Loch. (3)

23 Apr 1944
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) is undocked. (3)

24 Apr 1944
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) conducted speed trials on the Arran measured mile. (3)

26 Apr 1944
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) proceeded from Holy Loch to the torpedo firing range at Arrochar where torpedo firing trials were carried out using British Mk. 8 torpedoes. (3)

27 Apr 1944
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) conducted torpedo firing trials off Arrochar. (3)

28 Apr 1944
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) conducted torpedo firing trials off Arrochar on completion of which she returned to Holy Loch.

At Holy Loch she is then docked in AFD 7. (34)

3 May 1944
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) is undocked. (34)

4 May 1944
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) conducted noise trials in Loch Goil. (3)

5 May 1944
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) conducted noise trials in Loch Goil and speed trials on the Arran measured mile. (3)

6 May 1944
Around 2000B/6, HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) departed from Holy Loch for St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada. She was escorted by HMS Sardonyx (T/A/Lt.Cdr. E. Playne, RNVR) until 0850B/7 when they parted company near Barra Head. (34)

6 May 1944
For the daily positions of HrMs O 21 during the passage from the U.K. to the U.S.A. see the map below.

17 May 1944
Around 1245Q/17, HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) arrived at St. John's.

She had been joined around 1900Q/16 by HMCS Cailiff (T/Lt. R.F. Pretty, RNVR) which escorted her in. (34)

20 May 1944
Around 0830Q/20, HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) departed from St. John's for Halifax. She is escorted by HMCS Port Hope (T/Lt. R.M. Montague, RCNVR).

On departure exercises were carried out with Canadian ASW aircraft. (34)

22 May 1944
Around 1530Q/22, HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) and HMCS Port Hope (T/Lt. R.M. Montague, RCNVR) arrived at Halifax from St. John's. (34)

23 May 1944
Around 1415Q/23, HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) departed from Halifax for New London, Connecticut, U.S.A. She is escorted by HMCS St. Boniface (T/Lt. J. de la F. Frewer, RCNVR). (34)

25 May 1944
Around 1415R/25, HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) arrived at New London from Halifax. (34)

26 May 1944
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) conducted noise trials off New London. (3)

27 May 1944
Around 0700R/27, HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) departed from New London for New York where she arrived around 1625R/27. She was escorted by SC-1347 (Lt.(jg.) J.E. Andresen, USNR). (34)

28 May 1944
Around 0700R/28, HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) departed from New York for Philadelphia where she is to refit at the Navy Yard. She was escorted by SC-1347 (Lt.(jg.) J.E. Andresen, USNR). (34)

29 May 1944
Around 1515R/29, HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) arrived at the Philadelphia Navy Yard where she is to refit. She is taken in hand by the yard on 5 June 1944. (34)

25 Jul 1944
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) is put on a marine railway slip at the Philadelphia Navy Yard. (3)

24 Aug 1944
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) is put back in the water (3)

6 Dec 1944
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) conducted post refit trials in the Delaware river. She is escorted by the small coast guard patrol vessel CG 74330 (?). (3)

7 Dec 1944
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) returned to the Philadelphia Navy Yard. (3)

17 Dec 1944
Around 0800R/17, HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) departed from the Philadelphia Navy Yard for New London. A tug escorted her on the river.

Compass adjustment trials were subsequently carried out in the mouth of the Delaware river on completion of which, around 1745R/17, course was set for New York. On leaving the Delaware river estuary she was joined by the patrol vessel USS SC-1355 (Lt.(jg) G.W. Conk, Jr., USNR).

Around 0745R/18, HrMs O 21 entered New York Harbour. The escort then parted company and O 21 was now joined by the Coast Guard patrol vessel CG 83311 (?) which subsequently escorted her to New London. (36)

18 Dec 1944
Around 1700R/18, HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) arrived at New London to commence a post refit period of trials and training. (36)

21 Dec 1944
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) conducted independent exercises off New London, Connecticut, U.S.A. (36)

22 Dec 1944
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) conducted torpedo discharge trials off New London, Connecticut, U.S.A. (36)

23 Dec 1944
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) conducted exercises off New London, Connecticut, U.S.A. Several practice torpedo shots were made during which USS Penguin (Lt.Cdr. G.W. Albin, USNR) acted as target. (36)

26 Dec 1944
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) left New London for exercises but had to return soon after departure due to an engine defect. (3)

27 Dec 1944
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) conducted speed trials on the measured mile near New London, Connecticut, U.S.A. (36)

28 Dec 1944
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) departed New London for speed trials but she later returned due to unsuitable weather conditions and an engine defect. (36)

30 Dec 1944
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) conducted attack exercises off New London, Connecticut, U.S.A. during which USS Sapphire (Lt. H.J. Gannon, USNR), escorted by patrol vessels, acted as target. She remained out for exercises during the night of 30/31 December 1944. (36)

31 Dec 1944
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroessen, RNN) conducted attack exercises off New London, Connecticut, U.S.A. during which USS Burke (Lt.Cdr. W.L. Dommerich, USNR) acted as target. (36)

2 Jan 1945
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroessen, RNN) conducted attack exercises off New London, Connecticut, U.S.A. during which USS Penguin (Lt.Cdr. G.W. Albin, USNR) acted as target. (36)

3 Jan 1945
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) conducted sound trials off New London, Connecticut, U.S.A. (36)

4 Jan 1945
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) conducted exercises off New London, Connecticut, U.S.A. During the night of 4/5 Janaury 1945 she remained out for night exercises during which practice attacks were made on USS Sapphire (Lt. H.J. Gannon, USNR). (36)

5 Jan 1945
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) conducted speed trials on the measured mile off New London, Connecticut, U.S.A. (36)

9 Jan 1945
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroessen, RNN) conducted attack exercises off New London, Connecticut, U.S.A. during which USS Burke (Lt.Cdr. W.L. Dommerich, USNR) acted as target.

During the night of 9/10 Janaury 1945 she remained out for night exercises. (36)

10 Jan 1945
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) conducted gunnery exercises off New London, Connecticut, U.S.A on a target that was being towed by USS Falcon (Lt. J.W. Thompson, USN). (36)

23 Jan 1945
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) conducted exercises off New London, Connecticut, U.S.A. (36)

24 Jan 1945
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) conducted compass adjustment trials off New London, Connecticut, U.S.A. (36)

26 Jan 1945
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) conducted exercises off New London, Connecticut, U.S.A. (36)

30 Jan 1945
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) conducted exercises off New London, Connecticut, U.S.A. (36)

31 Jan 1945
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) conducted exercises off New London, Connecticut, U.S.A. (36)

1 Feb 1945
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) conducted speed trials on the measured mile off New London, Connecticut, U.S.A. (36)

5 Feb 1945
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN), conducted a deep dive trial in Block Island Sound during which she was escorted by USS George W. Ingram (Lt.Cdr. A.S. Boyce, USNR). (36)

9 Feb 1945
With her trials, training and some modifications completed, HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) departed from New London around 0915R/9, for the Panama Canal. This is the first leg of the trip to Australia. She is escorted by USS Albert T. Harris (Lt.Cdr. S. King, USN). (36)

9 Feb 1945
For the daily positions of HrMs O 21 during the passage from New London to Australia see the map below.

19 Feb 1945
Around 0930R/19, HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) and USS Albert T. Harris (Lt.Cdr. S. King, USN) arrived at Colon, Panama. They then immediately commenced the westbound passage of the Panama Canal and arrived at Balboa late in the afternoon. (36)

2 Mar 1945
Around 1000R/2, HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) and USS Mango (Lt. H.R. Greenley, USNR) departed from Balboa, Panama Canal Zone for the Galapagos Islands. (36)

6 Mar 1945
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) and USS Mango (Lt. H.R. Greenley, USNR) topped up with fuel at Seymour Island, Galapagos Islands before proceeding towards Bora Bora, French Polynesia. (36)

22 Mar 1945
Around 1730U/22, HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) and USS Mango (Lt. H.R. Greenley, USNR) arrived at Bora Bora, French Polynesia. (37)

25 Mar 1945
Around 1500W/25, HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) and USS Mango (Lt. H.R. Greenley, USNR) departed from Bora Bora for Wellington, New Zealand and Manus (via Tulagi) respectively. They parted company the following day. (37)

6 Apr 1945
Around 1020M/6, HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) arrived at Wellington, New Zealand. (37)

24 Apr 1945
After some repairs HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) conducted compass adjustment trials off Wellington. Also an A/S exercise was carried out with two trawlers and two ML's of the New Zealand Navy. (37)

25 Apr 1945
Around 0940M/25, HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) departed from Wellington, New Zealand for Melbourne, Australia. (37)

3 May 1945
Around 0910K/3, HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) arrived at Melbourne from Wellington.

She was escorted in by HrMs Abraham Crijnssen (Cdr. S. Dobbenga, RNN(R)) which had joined around 1120K/2. (37)

13 May 1945
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) departed from Melbourne for Fremantle.

She is escorted until 0930K/14, by HrMs Abraham Crijnssen (Cdr. S. Dobbenga, RNN(R)). (37)

20 May 1945
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) arrived at Fremantle from Melbourne. She arrived with engine defects which were then taken in hand but were estimated to take a month to complete. (3)

7 Jun 1945
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) is put on the slipway at Fremantle. (3)

9 Jun 1945
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) is put back in the water. (3)

26 Jun 1945
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) conducted post repair trials and exercises off Fremantle. (3)

27 Jun 1945
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) conducted exercises off Fremantle. These included attack exercises during which USS Hutchinson (Lt.Cdr. E.H. Houghtaling, USCG) acted as target. HrMs O 21 returned to harbour the following morning. (3)

30 Jun 1945
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) conducted compass adjustment trials off Fremantle. These are however not successful. (3)

3 Jul 1945
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) is put on the slip at Fremantle. (3)

4 Jul 1945
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) is put back in the water. (3)

5 Jul 1945
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) again conducted compass adjustment trials off Fremantle and again these are not successful. (3)

6 Jul 1945
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) conducted trials off Fremantle. Compass adjustment trials had to be postponed. (3)

7 Jul 1945
Around 2030I/7, HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) departed from Fremantle for her 21th war patrol (5th in the Far East, 1st of her 2nd deployment to the Far East). She was ordered to patrol along the South coast of Java and in the Sunda Strait area.

Before departure compass adjustment trials were successfully carried out.

No log is available for this period so unfortunately no map can be displayed. (6)

11 Jul 1945
Around 1000I/11, HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) arrived at Onslow, Australia for fuel and fresh provisions. (6)

12 Jul 1945
After taking on board extra fuel and fresh provisions, HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) departed from Onslow around 1200I/12, for her patrol area. (6)

20 Jul 1945
Between 1800I/21 and 1900I/21, while patrolling in the northern entrance to the Sunda Strait, HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) sighted an enemy patrol vessel hugging the coast of St. Nicolas Point.

At 2015I/21, in position 05°49'S, 105°59'E, a small vessel was sighted bearing 242°. HE was reported on the same bearing. Contact was lost at 2100I/21. (6)

21 Jul 1945
At 0900I/21, in position 05°54'5"S, 106°09'5"E, HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN), sighted a coaster ('sugar dog') on a northerly course at a range of 5 nautical miles. 10 minutes later the target altered course to the west. The target was not attacked with gunfire as it would proceed up Banten Bay and thus escape.

At 1350I/21, in position 05°53'S, 106°06'E, another 'sugar dog' was sighted proceeding on course 280° at 7 knots. It was intended to make a gun attack but a 1355I/21 two aircraft were seen approaching preventing O 21 from surfacing. The target was seen to pass St. Nicolas Point at short range and then proceed up the Sunda Strait towards the Sumatran coast.

At 1450I/21, in position 05°52'S, 106°06'E, a small 'ML-type' vessel was seen. She had a small gun forward. The enemy was proceeding westwards at 10 to 12 knots. She later turned to the south-west toward the Sunda Straits. (6)

22 Jul 1945
At 0208I/22, in position 05°31'5"S, 106°09'E, HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN), sighted a long and low object bearing 230° at a range of about one mile. At the time of the sighting the SJ radar was defective. It was thought this was either a submarine or patrol vessel. Four minutes later contact was lost. It had meanwhile seen that the vessel was raised in the middle. It was thought the vessel was on a northerly course. The vessel sighed may have been either USS Blower (T/Cdr. N.P. Watkins, USN) or HMS Thule (Lt.Cdr. A.C.G. Mars, DSO, DSC, RN) which both passed through the area around this time.

At 0623I/22, in position 05°46'S, 106°10'5"E, a vessel was seen bearing 280° at a range of 1800 yards. Avoiding action was taken. It was later thought to have been only a small prau. (6)

22 Jul 1945
At 0208I/22, in position 05°31'5"S, 106°09'E, HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN), sighted a long and low object bearing 230° at a range of about one mile. At the time of the sighting the SJ radar was defective. It was thought this was either a submarine or patrol vessel. Four minutes later contact was lost. It had meanwhile seen that the vessel was raised in the middle. It was thought the vessel was on a northerly course. The vessel sighed may have been either USS Blower (T/Cdr. N.P. Watkins, USN) or HMS Thule (Lt.Cdr. A.C.G. Mars, DSO, DSC, RN) which both passed through the area around this time. Neither reported anything at this time though.

At 0623I/22, in position 05°46'S, 106°10'5"E, a vessel was seen bearing 280° at a range of 1800 yards. Avoiding action was taken. It was later thought to have been only a small prau. (6)

23 Jul 1945
At 0340I/23, in position 05°41'S, 106°14'E, HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN), sighted a vessel bearing 230° which was avoided. It was not picked up by radar and is thought to have been only a small prau.

At 0630I/23, in position 05°48'5"S, 106°08'5"E, radar picked up an echo bearing 180° at a range of 6000 yards. Nothing was seen as it was still extremely dark. Possibly again only a prau.

At 1055I/23, a fast small craft was seen roaming about bearing 150° in the western entrance to Banten Bay. Possibly a patrol vessel.

At 1200I/23, smoke was sighted bearing 235°. Started to close to attack. This contact developed into a coastal convoy hugging the coast and rounding St. Nicolas Point on an easterly course. It consisted of a small tug towing a wooden 200 tons barge, two sugar dogs and two sugar charlie sugars of about 400 tons each. Another small tug towing a 200 tons wooden barge was following them. A patrol craft and motor launch were screening them. Speed of the convoy was 6 knots. Two aircraft were also patrolling in the area.

The attack was broken off as there were no torpedo targets in this convoy.

At 2130I/23, in position 05°46'5"N, 106°12'E, a small craft was sighted bearing 100° at an estimated range of 3000 yards. It could not be identified and it was avoided. (6)

29 Jul 1945
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) damaged two Japanese coasters with gunfire off the Northern entrance to the Sunda Strait.

0827I/29 - Sighted a small steam vessel bearing 247°, range 3 nautical miles. She was hugging the Sumatra coast and was on a Southerly course.

0844I/29 - Surfaced for gun action at 5000 yards. The target beached itself in position 05°49'S, 105°48'E. The crew was seen to abandon ship in a small boat.

0857I/29 - After 62 rounds, and several hits, the gun malfunctioned and fire had to be ceased. The target was seen to blow off steam but no fire was observed. O 21 cleared the area to the South-East at speed.

-------------------------------------------

1315I/29 - Sighted a 500 tons coaster bearing 265°, range 3.5 nautical miles. She was coast crawling on a Northerly course. O 21 closed and opened fire at 5000 yards. After 23 rounds the gun malfunctioned again and this action had also to be broken off. The target meanwhile was hit several times. (6)

31 Jul 1945
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) sank a small Japanese fishing vessel with gunfire off the Wijnkoops Bay on the South coast of Java (now Pelabuhan Ratu).

0002I/31, received a signal from C.T.F. 71 ordering O 21 to leave patrol immediately.

1730I/31 - Sighted a motor fishing vessel bearing 095°, range 5 nautical miles.

1743I/31 - Opened fire with the deck gun from 3500 yards while still closing the target at 12 knots.

1802I/31 - The target now stopped. Again the deck gun of O 21 gave trouble.

1807I/31 - Ceased fire after firing 65 rounds for only two hits. Range was now 1500 yards.

1815I/31 - Boarded to place demolition charges aboard the vessel. It was thought that the crew had meanwhile left the ship. Took the ships papers from the bridge. The ship was seen to be on fire.

1830I/31 - The ship was now well on fire so cast off. No need to set demolition charges. Shortly afterwards one Japanese and three natives emerged from the hold and these were taken on board. (6)

8 Aug 1945
Around 1145I/8, HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) ended her 21th war patrol (5th in the Far East, 1st of her 2nd deployment to the Far East) at Fremantle. (6)

10 Aug 1945
HrMs O 21 (Lt. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) conducted noise trials off Fremantle. (3)

3 Oct 1945
HrMs O 21 (Lt.Cdr. F.J. Kroesen, RNN) departed from Fremantle for Batavia, Java, Netherlands East Indies.

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