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Notable events involving Wren (ii) include:

28 Feb 1943
HrMs O 10 (Lt.Cdr. Baron D.T. Mackay, RNN) participated in A/S exercises off Tobermory together with HMS Oxlip (Lt. C.W. Leadbetter, RNR), HMS Snowdrop (Lt. P.A. Tinne, RNVR), HMS Wren (Lt.Cdr. R.M. Aubrey, RN) and HMS St. Marys (Lt. D.B.G. Dumas, RN). (1)

16 Mar 1943

Combined convoy WS 28 / KMS 11.

This combined convoy was formed off Oversay on 16 March 1943. The convoy was divided into convoys WS 28 and KMS 11 at sea on 21 March 1943.

The combined convoy was made up of the following (troop) transports; Banfora (British, 9472 GRT, built 1914), Brittanic (British, 26943 GRT, built 1930), Cuba (British, 11420 GRT, built 1923), Duchess of Bedford (British, 20123 GRT, built 1928), Empire Might (British, 9209 GRT, built 1942), Johan van Oldenbarnevelt (Dutch, 19429 GRT, built 1930), Monarch of Bermuda (British, 22424 GRT, built 1931), Orion (British, 23371 GRT, built 1935), Ormonde (British, 14982 GRT, built 1917), Orontes (British, 20097 GRT, built 1925), Otranto (British, 20026 GRT, built 1925), Nea Hellas (British, 16991 GRT, built 1922), Perthshire (British, 10496 GRT, built 1936), Rangitata (British, 16737 GRT, built 1929), Reina del Pacifico (17702 GRT, built 1931), Sobieski (Polish, 11030 GRT, built 1939), Strathnaver (British, 22283 GRT, built 1931), Tegelberg (Dutch, 14150 GRT, built 1937), Waipawa (British, 12436 GRT, built 1934), Winchester Castle (British, 20012 GRT, built 1930) and Windsor Castle (British, 19141 GRT, built 1922).

Also the naval auxiliaries HMS Bulolo (Capt.(Retd.) R.L. Hamer, RN), HMS Keren (A/Cdr. S.E. Crewe-Read, RN), HMS Largs (Cdr. E.A. Divers, RNR) and HMS Ulster Monarch (Lt.Cdr. N.A.F. Kingscote, RNR) were part of the convoy.

On assembly off Oversay the following escorts were with the convoy; sloops HMS Wren (Lt.Cdr. R.M. Aubrey, RN, with the S.O. 2nd Escort Group on board, Capt. F.J. Walker, DSO and Bar, RN), HMS Woodpecker (Lt.Cdr.(Emgy.) R.E.S. Hugonin, DSC, RN), destroyer HMS Douglas (Lt.Cdr. K.H.J.L. Phibbs, RN) and the escort destroyers HMS Badsworth (Lt. G.T.S. Gray, DSC, RN), HMS Eggesford (Lt.Cdr. D.W. Austin, RN), HMS Whaddon (Lt.Cdr. J.B. Palmer, RN), HMS Goathland (Lt.Cdr. E.N. Pumphrey, RN, DSO and Bar, DSC, RN) and ORP Krakowiak (Lt.Cdr. W. Maracewicz, ORP).

On 21 March the convoy split up into two sections, KMF 11, made up of Banfora, Cuba, Johan van Oldenbarnevelt, Ormonde, Orion, Nea Hellas, Rangitata, Windsor Castle and HMS Ulster Monarch proceeded to Algiers where it arrived on 23 March 1943 escorted by the original escort minus HMS Douglas which put into Gibraltar on 22 March with damage to her port propeller. After inspection it was apparent that she was able to continue but she was not to exceed 22 knots so it was decided that she could rejoin the convoy. All five escort destroyers also put into Gibraltar to fuel but departed again later the same day to rejoin the convoy. HMS Ulster Monarch also put into Gibraltar.

At 0254/23, the Windsor Castle was torpedoed by a German He.111 from I/KG 26 in position 37°28'N, 01°10'E. The passengers (troops) were taken off by HMS Wren, HMS Eggesford and HMS Whaddon. The last two ships reported to be dangerously overloaded with survivors.

Three tugs were sailed to go to the damaged ship assistance, Salvestor from Algiers, Hengist from Gibraltar and Restive from Oran.

Also the destroyer HMS Loyal (Lt.Cdr. H.E.F. Tweedie, DSC, RN) and escort destroyer HMS Lamerton (Lt.Cdr. C.R. Purse, DSC and Bar, RN), which were on A/S patrol off Algiers were ordered to proceed to the convoy. Also the destroyer HMS Eskimo (Capt. J.W.M. Eaton, DSO, DSC, RN) and escort destroyers HMS Calpe (Lt.Cdr. H. Kirkwood, DSC, RN) and HMS Farndale (Cdr. D.P. Trentham, RN) were ordered to do the same sailing from Oran.

At 1027/3, it was reported that Windsor Castle was abandoned and slowly sinking and the HMS Loyal had taken off the crew. HMS Whaddon and HMS Eggesford were proceeding to Algiers covered by HMS Douglas.

At 1621/3, Windsor Castle was still afloat and HMS Farndale was ettempting to take her in tow. The ship however sank suddenly at 1724/3. HMS Eskimo, HMS Loyal, HMS Calpe, HMS Farndale, Hengist and Restive then proceeded to Oran while HMS Lamerton and Salvestor proceeded to Algiers.

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WS 28, made up of Brittanic, Duchess of Bedford, Empire Might, Monarch of Bermuda, Orontes, Otranto, Perthshire, Reina del Pacifico, Sobieski, Strathnaver, Tegelberg, Waipawa, Winchester Castle, HMS Bulolo, HMS Keren and HMS Largs.

To escort these ships the destroyers HMS Malcolm (Cdr. J.M. Money, RN) and HMS Witch (Lt.Cdr. S.R.J. Woods, RNR) sailed from Casablanca on 20 March and the destroyers HMS Wolverine (Lt. I.M. Clegg, RN) and HMS Quadrant (Lt.Cdr. W.H. Farrington, RN) sailed from Gibraltar also on 20 March. They joined the convoy in the morning of March 21st after which the convoy split up.

Another destroyer, HMS Ashanti (Lt.Cdr. J.R. Barnes, RN), departed Gibraltar on 21 March and she joined the convoy later the same day.

On 22 March the transport Empire Might reported a fire in her stokehold rendering her immobile. She was then towed to Dakar by HMS Ashanti.

The remainder of convoy WS 28 arrived at Freetown on 27 March 1943.

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Convoy WS 28 departed Freetown for South Africa on 30 March 1943.

The composition of the convoy was the same on departed as in which it had arrived at Freetown three days earlier.

Escort was provided on departure from Freetown by the light cruiser HMS Kenya (Capt. D.P. Evans, RN), destroyers HMS Redoubt (Lt.Cdr. N.E.G. Ropner, DSO, RN), HMS Quadrant, HMS Malcolm, HMS Witch and HMS Wolverine.

At 2359Z/30, HMS Ulster Monarch overtook and joined the convoy coming from Freetown.

At 0600A/4, HMS Redoubt and HMS Quadrant parted company with the convoy to refuel at Pointe Noire. They rejoined the convoy at 1212B/5.

At 1300B/5, HMS Malcolm, HMS Witch and HMS Wolverine were detached.

At 1420B/5, HMS Racehorse (Cdr. A.F. Burnell-Nugent, DSC, RN) and HMS Relentless (Lt.Cdr. R.A. Fell, RN) joined the escort.

On the 11th the convoy split up, Britannic, Duchess of Bedford, Monarch of Bermuda, Tegelberg, Waipawa and Winchester Castle went to Capetown apparently escorted by HMS Redoubt and HMS Relentless. HMS Largs and HMS Ulster Monarch went to Simonstown, as did HMS Kenya and HMS Quadrant and HMS Racehorce.

The destroyers HMS Quilliam (Capt. S.H. Carlill, DSO, RN), HMS Rotherham (Lt. J.R.L. Moore, RN) and HMS Foxhound (Cdr. C.J. Wynne-Edwards, DSC and Bar, RN) joined the remainder of the convoy (Orontes, Otranto, Perthshire, Reina del Pacifico, Sobieski, Strathnaver, HMS Bulolo and HMS Keren) which arrived at Durban on 14 April 1943.

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On 15 April the 'Capetown section' of the convoy departed from there, it was made up of the same ships as that had arrived at Capetown but apparently without the Britannic. HMS Largs joined the convoy off Simonstown. Escort was provided by HMS Kenya, HMS Quadrant, HMS Redoubt and HMS Relentless.

Around noon on the 18th the 'Capetown section' joined up with the 'Durban section' which had departed from there escorted by HMAS Napier (Lt.Cdr. A.H. Green, DSC, RAN) and HMS Raider (Lt.Cdr. K.W. Michell, RN) which also joined the convoy as escorts. HMS Quadrant parted company and proceeded to Durban.

At 2000C/20, the destroyers parted company to return to Aden.

At 1015D/24, the armed merchant cruisers HMS Canton (A/Capt. G.N. Loriston-Clarke, RN) and HMS Chitral (A/Capt.(Retd.) G.W. Hoare-Smith, RN) joined the convoy to take over the escort. They had sailed from Kilindini on 22 April. HMS Kenya parted company with the convoy at noon and set course for Kilindini where she arrived on 25 April to join the Eastern Fleet.

At 2300D/27, HMS Chitral parted company with the convoy following which she proceeded to Bombay where she arrived on 1 May 1943.

On 30 April 1943 the convoy was dispersed off Aden. HMS Canton arrived at Aden later on the same day.

28 Apr 1943
HMS H 33 (Lt. J.A. Spender, RN) conducted A/S exercises off Lough Foyle with HMS Wild Goose (A/Cdr. D.E.G. Wemyss, RN) and HMS Wren (Lt.Cdr. R.M. Aubrey, RN). (2)

1 May 1943
The British merchant Port Victor is torpedoed and sunk north-east of the Azores in position 47°49'N, 22°02'W by German U-boat U-107. HMS Wren (Lt.Cdr. R.M. Aubrey, RN) later picks up 145 survivors.

24 Jun 1943
German U-boat U-449 was sunk at 1600hrs on 24 June 1943 in the North Atlantic, north-west of Cape Ortegal, Spain, in position 45°00'N, 11°59'W, by depth charges from the British sloops HMS Wren (Lt.Cdr. R.M. Aubrey, RN), HMS Woodpecker (Lt.Cdr. R.E.S. Hugonin, DSC, RN), HMS Kite (Lt.Cdr. W.F.R. Segrave, RN) and HMS Wild Goose (Lt.Cdr. D.E.G. Wemyss, RN).

14 Jul 1943
On the 14th of July, the seven survivors of German U-boat U-607 were rescued by HMS Wren (Lt.Cdr. R.M. Aubrey, RN). U-607 was sunk the day before (13 July 1943) by Sunderland "N" of the British 228. Sqn and Halifax "Q" of the British 58. Sqn. (3)

30 Jul 1943
German U-boat U-462 was sunk in the Bay of Biscay at position 45°33'N, 10°58'W.by a British Handley Page Halifax aircraft (Sqdn 502/S) and gunfire from the British sloops HMS Wren (Lt.Cdr. R.M. Aubrey, RN), HMS Kite (Lt.Cdr. W.F.R. Segrave, RN), HMS Woodpecker (Lt.Cdr. R.E.S. Hugonin, DSC, RN), HMS Wild Goose (Lt.Cdr. D.E.G. Wemyss, RN) and HMS Woodcock (Lt.Cdr. C. Gwinner, DSO, RN).

30 Jul 1943
German U-boat U-504 was sunk at 1543hrs on 30 July 1943 in the North Atlantic north-west of Cape Ortegal, Spain, in position 45°33'N, 10°56'W, by depth charges from the British Sloops HMS Kite (Lt.Cdr. W.F.R. Segrave, RN), HMS Woodpecker (Lt.Cdr. R.E.S. Hugonin, DSC, RN), HMS Wren (Lt.Cdr. R.M. Aubrey, RN) and HMS Wild Goose (Lt.Cdr. D.E.G. Wemyss, RN).

1 Aug 1943
Around 1700B/1, the destroyers HMCS Athabaskan (Cdr. G.R. Miles, DSO, OBE, RCN) and HMS Grenville (Lt.Cdr. R.P. Hill, DSO, RN) departed Plymouth. They were to patrol on longitude 14°W to provide cover for convoy OG 91 / KMS 22G.

They were to pass through positions (K) 180° - Bishops Rock - 10 nautical miles, (L) 48°40'N, 11°01'W to position (M) 45°01'N, 14°01'W. They were then to patrol on longitude 14°W to provide cover for convoy OG 91 / KMS 22G. After the convoy had crossed 45°N they were to return to Plymouth by reverse route.

In a signal timed 0925B/2, the C-in-C Plymouth ordered HMCS Athabaskan and HMS Grenville to proceed forthwith at best speed to position 47°01'N, 08°01'W to act in support of the 40th Escort Group which is on A/S patrol off the Bay of Biscay. The 40th Escort Group is made up of the sloops HMS Landguard (Lt.Cdr.(Retd.) T.S.L. Fox-Pitt, RN), HMS Hastings (Lt.Cdr. L.B. Philpott, DSC, RD, RNR), HMS Bideford (Lt.Cdr. W.F. Hollins, RN) and frigate HMS Waveney (Lt.Cdr. A.E. Willmott, DSC, RNR).

In a signal timed 1053B/2, the C-in-C Plymouth ordered HMCS Athabaskan and HMS Grenville to reduce speed so as to join the 40th Escort Group one hour before last light and then remain in company throughout the night.

Also on A/S patrol off the Bay of Biscay was the 2nd Escort Group which was made up of the sloops HMS Kite (Lt.Cdr. W.F.R. Segrave, RN, with Capt. F.J. Walker, DSO and Bar, RN, on board), HMS Wild Goose (Lt.Cdr. D.E.G. Wemyss, RN), HMS Woodcock (Lt.Cdr. C. Gwinner, DSO, RN), HMS Woodpecker (Lt.Cdr. R.E.S. Hugonin, DSC, RN) and HMS Wren (Lt.Cdr. R.M. Aubrey, RN).

In a signal timed 1644B/2, the C-in-C Plymouth, informed HMCS Athabaskan, HMS Grenville 40th Escort Group and the 2nd Escort Group that three enemy destroyers were sighted by an aircraft (228Sq./Z) at 1620B/2 in position 46°13'N, 10°02'W, course possibly 180°. This was augmented by the aircraft in a signal timed 1645B/2 as the enemy being in position 46°23'N, 10°02'W, course 180°, speed 20 knots.

At 1645B/2, aircraft 461Sq./N reported three 'Narvik-class' destroyers in position 46°50'N, 10°10'W, steering 300° at 25 knots.

At 1655B/2, the 2nd Escort Group reported that the ships reported by the aircraft at 1620B/2 and 1645B/2 were ships of his group.

At 1717B/2, aircraft 228Sq./N reported that three 'Narvik-class' destroyers were now in position 47°07'N, 10°05'W, course 270° at 30 knots. At 1733B/2, this aircraft reported that she was shadowing and requisted instructions.

At 1744B/2, aircraft 105Sq./C reported three destroyers in position 46°20'N, 10°13'W, course 270° at 25 knots.

More reports came in during the evening but with the enemy managed to retire to the east.

At 2019B/2, the AA cruiser HMS Charybdis (Capt. G.A.W. Voelcker, RN) was also ordered to attempt to intercept.

The enemy ships sighted were the German torpedo boats T 25, T 24 and T 22 which had departed Brest around 0330B/2 to make rendzvous with the damaged U-boat U-383 and then escort her back to France. The German U-boat was however not sighted and must have gone down as a result of the damage sustained. Around 1200B/2, it became clear to the Germans after U-383 could not be found and also did not answer signals sent to her that she must have been sunk the torpedo boats were ordered to search the area from which she had last reported. No survivors were however found. The torpedo boats were then ordered to make rendezvous with the also damaged U-106 which had also requested an escort to make it back to France. Around 2255B/2, T 25 managed to pick up 19 survivors from this U-boat and T 24 17 survivors. T 22 patrolled around her sister ships during the rescue operations. The three German torpedo boat arrived back in Brest around 1700B/3.

Around 1000B/3, HMS Charybdis was joined by HMCS Athabaskan and HMS Grenville. They provided cover for the A/S operations of the 2nd and 40th Escort Group between 09°30'W and 10°30'W.

Around 1835B/3, HMCS Athabaskan and HMS Grenville parted company with HMS Charybdis.

Around 1000B/4, in position 46°22'N, 10°08'W, HMS Grenville obtained an A/S contact. Several patterns of depth charges were dropped and the 40th Escort Group took over the hunt which was abandoned around 1900B/4 without success.

HMCS Athabaskan and HMS Grenville arrived at Plymouth in the afternoon of August 5th. (4)

5 Feb 1944

Convoy HX 278.

This convoy departed New York on 5 February 1944.

It was made up of the following merchant vessels; A Frank Lever (American, 7198 GRT, built 1943), Alan-A-Dale (Panamanian, 4646 GRT, built 1938), Andrea Gritti (Italian, 6404 GRT, built 1943), Andrew A. Humphreys (American, 7218 GRT, built 1943), Athelduke (British (tanker), 8966 GRT, built 1929), Avristan (British, 7266 GRT, built 1942), Belgian Gulf (Panamanian (tanker), 8237 GRT, 1929), Brimanger (Norwegian, 4883 GRT, built 1929), Cornwall (British, 10605 GRT, built 1920), Cymbula (British (tanker), 8082 GRT, built 1938), Edward D. White (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), El Oceano (Panamanian, 6767 GRT, built 1925), Empire Strength (British, 7355 GRT, built 1942), Fernwood (Norwegian, 4695 GRT, built 1930), Fjordass (Norwegian (tanker), 7361 GRT, built 1931), Florence Crittenton (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Fort St.Croix (British, 7160 GRT, built 1943), George G. Crawford (American, 7198 GRT, built 1944), George T. Angell (American, 7176 GRT, built 1944), Grant Wood (American, 7240 GRT, built 1943), Harvey Cushing (American, 7240 GRT, built 1943), Henry S. Lane (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Henry Watterson (American, 7225 GRT, built 1943), Irwin Russell (American, 7218 GRT, built 1943), James J. Maguire (British (tanker), 10525 GRT, built 1939), John Davenport (American, 7176 GRT, built 1942), John Merrick (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), John N. Maffitt (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Joseph Jefferson (American, 7176 GRT, built 1942), Julius Rosenwald (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Longwood (British (tanker), 9463 GRT, built 1930), Mataroa (British, 12390 GRT, built 1922), Mobile City (American, 6157 GRT, built 1920), Omar E. Chapman (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Orari (British, 10350 GRT, built 1931), Ovula (Dutch (tanker), 6256 GRT, built 1938), Robert Toombs (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Samuel Colt (American, 7176 GRT, built 1942), San Vito (British (tanker), 8163 GRT, built 1943), Socony-Vacuum (American (tanker), 9511 GRT, built 1935), Sovac (British (tanker), 6724 GRT, 1938), Trojan Star (British, 9037 GRT, built 1936), Vacport (British (tanker), 6774 GRT, built 1930), W.R. Keever (American, 5350 GRT, built 1920), William McKinley (American, 7200 GRT, built 1920) and William Pepperell (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943).

On departure from New York the convoy was escorted by the corvettes HMCS Cobalt (T/A/Lt.Cdr. R.A. Judges, RCNVR), HMCS Timmins (T/A/Lt.Cdr. H.S. Maxwell, RCNVR), HMCS Trail (T/Lt. G.M. Hope, RCNVR) and the minesweeper HMCS Winnipeg (T/A/Lt.Cdr. W.D.F. Johnston, RCNR).

On 7 February 1944, the following merchant vessels departed Halifax to join the convoy; Ariguani (British, 6746 GRT, built 1926), Bayano (British, 6815 GRT, built 1917), Benjamin H. Grierson (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Cairnesk (British, 5007 GRT, built 1926), David F. Houston (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Edward Everett (American, 7176 GRT, built 1942), Egbert Benson (American, 7176 GRT, built 1942), Empire MacMahon (British (tanker and MAC ship), 8856 GRT, built 1943), Fort Amherst (British, 3489 GRT, built 1936), Henry George (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), James I. McKay (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Jeremiah O'Brien (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), John Chandler (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), John G. Whittier (American, 7176 GRT, built 1942), Montgemery City (American, 5686 GRT, built 1920), Stephen B. Elkins (American, 7180 GRT, built 1943), Victor Herbert (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943) and Walter A. Luckenbach (American, 6024 GRT, built 1918).

The rescue ship Fastnet (British, 1415 GRT, built 1928) was also part of this group.

They were escorted by the corvettes HMCS Arrowhead (Skr.Lt. L.A. Hickey, RCNR), HMCS Port Arthur (T/Lt.Cdr. E.T. Simmons, DSO, DSC, RCNVR) and the minesweeper HMCS Sault Ste Marie (Lt.Cdr. R. Jackson, RCNVR). HMCS Arrowhead however returned the following day.

On these merchant ships joining the convoy the Harvey Cushing and Socony-Vacuum were detached to Halifax escorted by HMCS Port Arthur and HMCS Sault Ste Marie. They all arrived around Halifax on 9 February 1944.

Also on 9 February 1944, the Vacport arrived back at New York after having been forced to return.

On 10 February 1944, the original escort was replaced by a new escort made up of the frigates HMS Mourne (Lt.Cdr. R.S. Holland, RD, RNR), corvettes HMS Clematis (T/Lt. R.H. Farrands, DSC, RNR), HMS Gentian (T/A/Lt.Cdr. E.W.C. Dempster, RNVR), HMS Heather (T/Lt. W.L. Turner, RNR) and the minesweeper HMS Tattoo (T/Lt. A. Twiss, RNVR). The came from Argentia and St. Johns which they had departed between 7 and 9 February 1944.

On 11 February 1944, the Fort Amherst arrived at St. Johns after having been detached from the convoy. She was escorted by HMS Cobalt and HMCS Winnipeg.

On 13 February 1944, the Cairnesk arrived at St. Johns with defects after having been detached from the convoy. She was escorted by HMS Timmins and HMCS Trail.

On 14 February 1944, the corvette HMS Berkeley Castle (T/Lt. F.A. Darrah, RNVR) joined the convoy after having departed St. Johns on 11 February 1944.

On 14 February 1944, ships from the 2nd Escort Group joined the convoy, these were the sloops HMS Starling (Capt. F.W. Walker, CB, DSO and Bar, RN), HMS Magpie (Lt.Cdr. R.S. Abram, RN), HMS Wild Goose (Lt.Cdr. D.E.G. Wemyss, DSC, RN), HMS Woodpecker (Cdr. H.L. Pryse, RNR) and HMS Wren (Cdr.(Retd.) L.B.A. Majendie, RN). They remained with the convoy until 17 February 1944.

On 15 February 1944, the escort carriers HMS Striker (Capt. F.M. Walton, RN), HMS Fencer (A/Capt. W.W.R. Bentinck, OBE, RN) joined the convoy.

On 16 February 1944, ships from the 7th Escort Group joined the convoy, these were the sloops HMS Woodcock (Cdr.(Retd.) J.F. Blackburn, DSO, RN), HMS Whimbrel (Lt.Cdr. W.J. Moore, DSC, RNR), HMS Hart (Cdr.(Retd.) M.B. Sherwood, DSO and Bar, RN), HMS Crane (Lt.Cdr. R.G. Jenkins, RN) and from the 10th Escort Group joined the convoy, these were the frigates HMS Spey (Cdr. G.A.G. Ormsby, RN), HMS Findhorn (Lt.Cdr. J.C. Dawson, RD, RNR), HMS Lossie (Lt.Cdr. A.F. MacFie, OBE, RNR), HMS Rother (Cdr. Y.M. Cleeves, DSO, DSC, RD, RNR) and HMS Wear (Lt.Cdr. Gerald MacClelland, DSC, RN). Both the 7th and 10th Escort Group parted company with the convoy on 17 February 1944.

The convoy arrived in U.K. waters on 19 February 1944.

27 Mar 1944

Convoy JW 58.

This convoy departed Loch Ewe on 27 March 1944 and arrived in the Kola Inlet on 4 April 1944.

On departure the convoy was made up of the following merchant vessels; Andrew Carnegie (American, 7176 GRT, built 1942), Arunah S. Abell (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Barbara Frietchie (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Benjamin H. Latrobe (American, 7176 GRT, built 1942), Benjamin Schlesinger (American, 7176 GRT, built 1944), Charles Gordon Curtis (American, 7176 GRT, built 1942), Charles Henderson (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Dolabella (British, 8142 GRT, built 1939), Edward P. Alexander (American, 7201 GRT, built 1943), Empire Prowess (British, 7058 GRT, built 1943), Fort Columbia (British, 7155 GRT, built 1942), Fort Hall (British, 7157 GRT, built 1943), Fort Kullyspell (British, 7190 GRT, built 1943), Fort Vercheres (British, 7128 GRT, built 1942), Fort Yukon (British, 7153 GRT, built 1943), Francis Scott Key (American, 7191 GRT, built 1941), Francis Vigo (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), George Gale (American, 7176 GRT, built 1942), George M. Cohan (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), George T. Angell (American, 7176 GRT, built 1944), Grace Abbott (American, 7191 GRT, built 1942), Hawkins Fudske (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Henry Villard (American, 7176 GRT, built 1942), James Smith (American, 7181 GRT, built 1942), John B. Lennon (American, 7198 GRT, built 1943), John Carver (American, 7176 GRT, built 1942), John Davenport (American, 7176 GRT, built 1942), John McDonogh (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Joseph N. Nocollet (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Joshua Thomas (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Joyce Kilmer (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Julien Poydras (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Lacklan (British (tanker), 8670 GRT, built 1929), Morris Hillquit (American, 7210 GRT, built 1944), Nicholas Biddle (American, 7191 GRT, built 1942), Noreg (Norwegian (tanker), 7605 GRT, built 1931), Pierre S. Dupont (American, 7176 GRT, built 1942), Thomas Sim Lee (American, 7191 GRT, built 1942), Townsend Harris (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), W.R. Grace (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), William D. Byron (American, 7210 GRT, built 1944), William Matson (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), William McKinley (American, 7200 GRT, built 1943), William Moultrie (American, 7177 GRT, built 1942), William Pepper (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943) and William S. Thayer (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943).

The rescue vessel Rathlin (British, 1600 GRT, built 1936) was also with the convoy.

On departure from Loch Ewe the convoy was escorted by the destroyers HMS Westcott (Cdr.(Retd.) H. Lambton, RN), HMS Whitehall (Lt.Cdr. P.J. Cowell, DSC, RN), HMS Wrestler (Lt.Cdr. R.W.B. Lacon, DSC, RN), HMS Inconstant (Lt.Cdr J.H. Eaden, DSC and Bar, RN), minesweepers Rattlesnake (Lt.Cdr. A.E. Coles, RD, RNR), Orestes (Lt.Cdr. A.W.R. Adams, RN), HMS Onyx (T/A/Lt.Cdr. C.C.L. Gaussen, RNVR) and the corvettes HMS Bluebell (Lt. G.H. Walker, DSC, RNVR), HMS Honeysuckle (T/Lt. J.A. Wright, RNR), HMS Lotus (Lt. C.S. Thomas, RNR), HMS Rhododendron (T/Lt. O.B. Medley, RNVR) and HMS Starwort (Lt. A.H. Kent, RNR).

On 28 March 1944, the light cruisers HMS Diadem (Capt. E.G.A. Clifford, RN, flying the flag of flying the flag of Rear-Admiral F.H.G. Dalrymple-Hamilton, CB, RN), USS Milwaukee (T/Capt. C.F. Fielding, USN), escort carriers HMS Activity (Capt. G. Willoughby, RN), HMS Tracker (A/Capt. J.H. Huntley, RN) and the destroyers HMS Venus (Cdr. J.S.M. Richardson DSO, RN), HMS Scorpion (Lt.Cdr. W.S. Clouston, RN), HMS Serapis (Lt.Cdr. E.L. Jones, DSC, RN) and HNoMS Stord (Lt.Cdr. S.V. Storheill) departed Scapa Flow to join the convoy which they did on 29 March.

The sloops HMS Starling (Capt. F.J. Walker, CB, DSO and 2 Bars, RN), HMS Wild Goose (Lt.Cdr. D.E.G. Wemyss, DSC and Bar, RN), HMS Whimbrel (Lt.Cdr. W.J. Moore, DSC, RNR), HMS Wren (Lt.Cdr. S.R.J. Woods, RNR) and HMS Magpie (Lt.Cdr. R.S. Abram, RN) departed Scapa Flow also on 28 March to join the convoy which they too did on 29 March.

On 29 March 1944, the destroyers HMS Saumarez (Capt. P.G.L. Cazalet, DSC, RN), HMS Onslow (Capt. J.A. McCoy, DSO, RN), HMS Oribi (Lt.Cdr. J.C.A. Ingram, DSC and Bar, RN), HMS Offa (Lt.Cdr. R.F. Leonard, RN), HMS Obedient (Lt.Cdr. H. Unwin, DSC and Bar, RN), HMS Opportune (Cdr. J. Lee-Barber, DSO and Bar, RN), HMS Orwell (Lt.Cdr. J.M. Hodges, DSO, RN), HMS Impulsive (Lt.Cdr. P. Bekenn, RN), HMS Beagle (Lt.Cdr. N.R. Murch, RN), HMS Boadicea (Lt.Cdr. F.W. Hawkins, RN), HMS Keppel (Cdr. I.J. Tyson, DSC, RD, RNR) and HMS Walker (Lt.Cdr. A.N. Rowell, RN) departed Skaalefiord, Iceland and joined the convoy.

On 29 March 1944, the German submarine U-961 was sunk near the convoy by HMS Starling.

Also on 29 March, two more merchant ships joined the convoy, these were the Gilbert Stuart (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943) and John T. Holt (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943) coming from Reykjavik, Iceland. The merchant vessel Eloy Alfaro (American, 7176 GRT, built 1944) had also sailed with them but had to return and proceeded to Seidisfjord before she could join the convoy due to ice damage. She arrived at Seidisfjord on the 30th. These ships were escorted by the frigate HMS Fitzroy (Lt. C.D.C. McNeil, RNVR) and the minesweepers HMS Chamois (T/A/Lt.Cdr. D.P. Richardson, RNVR) and HMS Chance (T/Lt. P.P. Lees, RNVR). These escorts did not join the convoy.

Also on 29 March the minesweepers HMS Rattlesnake, HMS Onyx, HMS Orestes and the corvette HMS Starwort parted company with the convoy. The minesweepers proceeded to Skaalefjord, Faeroer Islands arriving there later the same day. HMS Starwort proceeded to Londonderry arriving the on the 30th.

On 30 March four German shadowing aircraft were shot down by fighters from the escort carriers which themselves lost two aircraft.

On 31 March the German submarine U-673 was damaged by HMS Beagle and aircraft from HMS Tracker.

On 2 April two German shadowing aircraft were shot down by fighters from the escort carriers. Also the German submarine U-360 was sunk by Hedgehog attack from HMS Keppel.

On 3 April the German submarine U-288 was sunk by aircraft from the escort carriers.

ON 4 April, the convoy (39 ships) was split into two sections, one proceeded to the Kola Inlet arriving later the same day with the original escort. The other (with 10 ships), with a local escort which joined on this day to the White Sea where it arrived on the 6th. This local escort was made up of the Russian destroyers Gremyashchiy, Razumniy, Razyarenniy and Valerian Kyubishev.

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Distant cover for this convoy was provided by a battleforce known as ' Force 1 ', it departed Scapa Flow around 1200A/30 and was made up of the battleships HMS Duke of York (Capt. G.H.E. Russell, RN, flying the flag of Admiral B.A. Fraser, GCB, KBE, RN), HMS Anson (Capt. E.D.B. McCarthy, DSO and Bar, RN flying the flag of Vice-Admiral H.R. Moore, KCB, DSO, CVO, RN), aircraft carrier HMS Victorious (Capt. M.M. Denny, CB, CBE, RN), light cruiser HMS Belfast (Capt. F.R. Parham, DSO, RN) and the destroyers HMS Onslaught (Cdr. the Hon. A. Pleydell-Bouverie, RN), HMS Javelin (Lt.Cdr. P.B.N. Lewis, DSC, RN), ORP Piorun (Kmdr.ppor. (Cdr.) T. Gorazdowski), HMCS Algonquin (Lt.Cdr. D.W. Piers, DSC, RCN) and HMCS Sioux (A/Lt.Cdr. E.E.G. Boak, RCN).

Around 0250A/31, the destroyers HMS Milne (Capt. I.M.R. Campbell, DSO, RN), HMS Marne (Lt.Cdr. P.A.R. Withers, DSO, RN), HMS Matchless (Lt.Cdr. E.N. Walmsley, DSC and Bar, RN), HMS Meteor (Lt.Cdr. D.J.B. Jewitt, RN), HMS Undaunted (Lt.Cdr. A.A. Mackenzie, RD, RNR) and HMS Ursa (Cdr. D.B. Wyburd, DSC, RN) joined coming from Skaalefjord, Faeroer Islands.

Around 0340A/31, the original destroyer screen were detached to Skaalefjord arriving there later the same day.

On 2 April ' Force 1 ' proceeded to join ' Force 2 ' coming from Scapa Flow for the upcoming Operation Tungsten. (5)

4 Apr 1944
The light cruiser HMS Diadem (Capt. E.G.A. Clifford, RN, flying the flag of flying the flag of Rear-Admiral F.H.G. Dalrymple-Hamilton, CB, RN), USS Milwaukee (T/Capt. C.F. Fielding, USN), escort carriers HMS Activity (Capt. G. Willoughby, RN), HMS Tracker (A/Capt. J.H. Huntley, RN), destroyers HMS Venus (Cdr. J.S.M. Richardson DSO, RN), HMS Scorpion (Lt.Cdr. W.S. Clouston, RN), HMS Serapis (Lt.Cdr. E.L. Jones, DSC, RN) and HNoMS Stord (Lt.Cdr. S.V. Storheill), HMS Saumarez (Capt. P.G.L. Cazalet, DSC, RN), HMS Onslow (Capt. J.A. McCoy, DSO, RN), HMS Oribi (Lt.Cdr. J.C.A. Ingram, DSC and Bar, RN), HMS Offa (Lt.Cdr. R.F. Leonard, RN), HMS Obedient (Lt.Cdr. H. Unwin, DSC and Bar, RN), HMS Opportune (Cdr. J. Lee-Barber, DSO and Bar, RN), HMS Orwell (Lt.Cdr. J.M. Hodges, DSO, RN), HMS Impulsive (Lt.Cdr. P. Bekenn, RN), HMS Beagle (Lt.Cdr. N.R. Murch, RN), HMS Boadicea (Lt.Cdr. F.W. Hawkins, RN), HMS Keppel (Cdr. I.J. Tyson, DSC, RD, RNR), HMS Walker (Lt.Cdr. A.N. Rowell, RN), HMS Westcott (Cdr.(Retd.) H. Lambton, RN), HMS Whitehall (Lt.Cdr. P.J. Cowell, DSC, RN), HMS Wrestler (Lt.Cdr. R.W.B. Lacon, DSC, RN), HMS Inconstant (Lt.Cdr J.H. Eaden, DSC and Bar, RN), sloops HMS Starling (Capt. F.J. Walker, CB, DSO and 2 Bars, RN), HMS Wild Goose (Lt.Cdr. D.E.G. Wemyss, DSC and Bar, RN), HMS Whimbrel (Lt.Cdr. W.J. Moore, DSC, RNR), HMS Wren (Lt.Cdr. S.R.J. Woods, RNR), HMS Magpie (Lt.Cdr. R.S. Abram, RN) and the corvettes HMS Bluebell (Lt. G.H. Walker, DSC, RNVR), HMS Honeysuckle (T/Lt. J.A. Wright, RNR), HMS Lotus (Lt. C.S. Thomas, RNR) and HMS Rhododendron (T/Lt. O.B. Medley, RNVR) arrived in the Kola Inlet with convoy JW 58.

7 Apr 1944

Convoy RA 59 / Operation FY.

This convoy departed the Kola Inlet on 7 April 1944. The passage of this convoy to the U.K. was known as Operation FY.

The convoy was made up of the following merchant vessels; Alexander White (American, 7191 GRT, built 1942), British Valour (British (tanker), 6952 GRT, built 1927), Byron Darnton (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Caesar Rodney (American, 7191 GRT, built 1942), Charles Bulfinch (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943, Charles M. Schwab (American, 7191 GRT, built 1943), Daphnella (British (tanker), 8078 GRT, built 1938), Edward Sparrow (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Empire Celia (British, 7025 GRT, built 1943), Fort McMurray (British, 7133 GRT, built 1942), Fort Romaine (British, 7131 GRT, built 1943), Henry B. Brown (American, 7200 GRT, built 1943), Henry Lomb (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Jefferson Davis (American, 7176 GRT, built 1942), John A. Donald (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), John A. Quitman (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), John Ruthledge (American, 7181 GRT, built 1942), John Sharp Williams (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), John Stevenson (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), John W. Powell (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), John Woolman (American, 7191 GRT, built 1943), Joshua W. Alexander (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Lord Delaware (American, 7200 GRT, built 1942), Louis D. Brandeis (American, 7200 GRT, built 1943), Lucerna (British (tanker), 6556 GRT, built 1930), Marie M. Meloney (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Mijdrecht (Dutch (tanker), 7493 GRT, built 1931), Nathan Towson (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Nathaniel Alexander (American, 7177 GRT, built 1942), Ocean Strength (British, 7173 GRT, built 1942), Philip F. Thomas (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Richard M. Johnson (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Robert J. Collier (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Stevenson Taylor (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Thomas Hartley (American, 7176 GRT, built 1942) and William H. Webb (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943).

The rescue ships Copeland (British, 1526 GRT, built 1923) and Rathlin (British, 1600 GRT, built 1936) were also part of the convoy.

On departure from the Kola Inlet the convoy was escorted by the light cruiser HMS Diadem (Capt. E.G.A. Clifford, RN, flying the flag of flying the flag of Rear-Admiral F.H.G. Dalrymple-Hamilton, CB, RN), escort carriers HMS Activity (Capt. G. Willoughby, RN), HMS Tracker (A/Capt. J.H. Huntley, RN), destroyers HMS Saumarez (Capt. P.G.L. Cazalet, DSC, RN), HMS Onslow (Capt. J.A. McCoy, DSO, RN), HMS Offa (Lt.Cdr. R.F. Leonard, RN), HMS Oribi (Lt.Cdr. J.C.A. Ingram, DSC and Bar, RN), HMS Obedient (Lt.Cdr. H. Unwin, DSC and Bar, RN), HMS Opportune (Cdr. J. Lee-Barber, DSO and Bar, RN), HMS Orwell (Lt.Cdr. J.M. Hodges, DSO, RN), HMS Scorpion (Lt.Cdr. W.S. Clouston, RN), HMS Serapis (Lt.Cdr. E.L. Jones, DSC, RN) and HNoMS Stord (Lt.Cdr. S.V. Storheill), HMS Venus (Cdr. J.S.M. Richardson DSO, RN), HMS Impulsive (Lt.Cdr. P. Bekenn, RN), HMS Inconstant (Lt.Cdr J.H. Eaden, DSC and Bar, RN), HMS Beagle (Lt.Cdr. N.R. Murch, RN), HMS Boadicea (Lt.Cdr. F.W. Hawkins, RN), HMS Keppel (Cdr. I.J. Tyson, DSC, RD, RNR) and HMS Walker (Lt.Cdr. A.N. Rowell, RN), HMS Westcott (Cdr.(Retd.) H. Lambton, RN), HMS Whitehall (Lt.Cdr. P.J. Cowell, DSC, RN), HMS Wrestler (Lt.Cdr. R.W.B. Lacon, DSC, RN), sloops HMS Starling (Capt. F.J. Walker, CB, DSO and 2 Bars, RN), HMS Wild Goose (Lt.Cdr. D.E.G. Wemyss, DSC and Bar, RN), HMS Whimbrel (Lt.Cdr. W.J. Moore, DSC, RNR), HMS Wren (Lt.Cdr. S.R.J. Woods, RNR), HMS Magpie (Lt.Cdr. R.S. Abram, RN) and the corvettes HMS Bluebell (Lt. G.H. Walker, DSC, RNVR), HMS Honeysuckle (T/Lt. J.A. Wright, RNR) and HMS Rhododendron (T/Lt. O.B. Medley, RNVR).

Around 2000B/11, HMS Activity, HMS Inconstant, HMS Westcott, HMS Whitehall and HMS Wrestler parted company with the convoy to proceed to Scapa Flow where they arrived around 1100B/13.

HMS Activity arrived around 1300B/13.

On 12 April 1944, HMS Venus was detached to proceed to Skaalefjord to land a medical case and to proceed to Scapa Flow afterwards. She arrived at Scapa Flow around 2000B/12.

Also on 12 April 1944, HMS Keppel, HMS Walker, HMS Beagle and HMS Boadicea parted company with the convoy to proceed to Scapa Flow where they arrived around 1100B/13.

Later the destroyers HMS Onslow, HMS Offa and HMS Opportune parted company. They arrived at Scapa Flow with HMS Activity (see above).

Around 2100B/12, HMS Diadem, HMS Saumarez, HMS Serapis, HNoMS Stord and HMS Orwell parted company with the convoy to proceed to Scapa Flow where they arrived around 1830B/13.

Around 1400B/14, HMS Scorpion, HMS Oribi, HMS Obedient and HMS Impulsive arrived at Scapa Flow after having parted company with the convoy.

The convoy split on the 14th for east and west coast ports.

HMS Tracker, HMS Bluebell, HMS Honeysuckle and HMS Rhododendron proceeded to the Clyde.

HMS Starling, HMS Magpie, HMS Wild Goose, HMS Whimbrel, HMS Wren proceeded to Liverpool.

6 May 1944
German U-boat U-473 was sunk at 0200 hrs in the North Atlantic west south-west of Ireland, in position 49°29'N, 21°22'W, by depth charges from the British sloops HMS Starling (Capt. F.J. Walker, CB, DSO and 2 Bars, RN), HMS Wren (Lt.Cdr. S.R.J. Woods, RNR) and HMS Wild Goose (Lt.Cdr. D.E.G. Wemyss, DSC and Bar, RN).

2 Jun 1944
HMS Truant (Lt. E.C. Croswell, DSC, RN) conducted A/S exercises off Larne, most likely with ships of the 2nd Escort Group which was made up of the sloops HMS Starling (Capt. F.J. Walker, CB, DSO and 2 Bars, RN), HMS Wild Goose (Lt.Cdr. D.E.G. Wemyss, DSC and Bar, RN), HMS Wren (Lt.Cdr. S.R.J. Woods, RNR) and the frigates HMS Dominica (Cdr. N.W. Duck, DSC, RD, RNR), HMS Loch Fada (Lt.Cdr. B.A. Rogers, RD, RNR) and HMS Lochy (Lt.Cdr. W.J. Roberts, RNR). [HMS Loch Killin (Lt.Cdr. S. Darling, RANVR), which was also part of this group seems not to have been present as she was at Liverpool.]

HMS Truant also made a practice attack on HMS Starling. (6)

10 Aug 1944
German U-boat U-608 was sunk in the Bay of Biscay north-west of La Rochelle, in position 46°30'N, 03°08'W, by depth charges from the British sloop HMS Wren (Lt.Cdr. S.R.J. Woods, DSC, RNR) and a British Liberator aircraft (53 Sqn RAF/C).

28 Sep 1944
HMS H 50 (Lt. W.T.J. Fox, RN) conducted A/S exercises off Campbeltown with HMS Wild Goose (A/Cdr. D.E.G. Wemyss, DSO, DSC and Bar, RN), HMS Wren (Lt.Cdr. S.R.J. Woods, DSC, RD, RNR) and HMS Loch Fada (Lt.Cdr. B.A. Rogers, RD, RNR). (7)

6 Feb 1945

Combined convoy ON 283 / OS 109 / KMS 83.

The Channel section of this combined convoy sailed on 5 February 1945 from Southend.

This section was made up of the following merchant vessels;
Bertram G. Goodhue (American, 7247 GRT, built 1944), Briarwood (British, 4019 GRT, built 1930), Elijah Cobb (American, 7176 GRT, built 1944), Empire Canning (British, 6997 GRT, built 1944), Empire Caxton (British, 2873 GRT, built 1942), English Prince (British, 7275 GRT, built 1943), Fort Musquarro (British, 7130 GRT, built 1944), Henry L. Benning (American, 7200 GRT, built 1943), Irving Babbitt (American, 7247 GRT, built 1944), Isipingo (British, 7069 GRT, built 1930), James D. Trask (American, 7210 GRT, built 1944), Jenny (Norwegian, 4706 GRT, built 1928), La Pampa (British, 4149 GRT, built 1938), Louis Bamberger (American, 7240 GRT, built 1944), Stephen W. Kearny (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943) and Rigoletto (Swedish, 2465 GRT, built 1923).

This section was later joined by the merchant vessel Empire Ganges (British (tanker), 3744 GRT, built 1944) coming from Cowes roads, Joshua L. Chamberlain (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943) coming from St. Helens Roads, President de Vogue (Norwegian (tanker), 9320 GRT, built 1935) (also to serve as escort oiler) and Alfred I. DuPont (American, 7240 GRT, built 1944) coming from Plymouth. Also joining later were the landing ship HMS LST 368 (T/A/Lt.Cdr. J Livingston, RNR) which came from Portsmouth and the landing ships HMS LST 410 (T/A/Lt.Cdr. C.C. Page, RNR), HMS LST 413 (T/A/Lt.Cdr. R.L. Phillips, RNR), HMS LST 427 (T/A/Lt.Cdr. V. Elsom, RNR) and HMS LST 538 (T/A/Lt.Cdr. W.D.W. Wright, RNR) which joined coming from Falmouth as did the USN tugs USS Owl (Lt.(jg) J.H. Thomas, USNR) and USS Cormorant (T/Lt. W.T. Davern, USN).

On departure from Southend they were escorted by the destroyer HMS Vimy (Lt.Cdr. K.H.J.L. Phibbs, RN) and the corvette HMS Loosestrife (Lt. W. Atkinson, RNR).

Around 0430A/7, the corvettes HMS Alisma (Lt. G. Lanning, RANVR), HMS Delphinium (T/A/Lt.Cdr. S. Rule, RNVR) and HMS Stonecrop (T/A/Lt.Cdr. P.N.F. Appleyard, RNVR) joined off Portland. They came from Plymouth which they had departed on 6 February.

On reaching position 180° - Bishops Rock - 8 nautical miles the convoy split into convoy ONA 283 and OS 109 / KMS 83.

ONA 283 (the Channel section of convoy ON 283) was made up by the following merchant vessels;
Alfred I. DuPont, Bertram G. Goodhue, Elijah Cobb, Empire Canning, Fort Musquarro, Henry L. Benning, Irving Babbitt, James D. Trask, Joshua L. Chamberlain, La Pampa, Louis Bamberger and Stephen W. Kearny. They were escorted by HMS Vimy, HMS Loosestrife and HMS Stonecrop and this section was to make rendezvous with the Irish Sea section of Convoy ON 283 (ONB 283) in position 50°00'N, 10°00'W. The escorts of ONA 283 were then to part company and join convoy HX 335.

The Channel section of the combined convoy OS 109 / KMS 83 was made up of the following merchant vessels;
Briarwood, Empire Caxton, Empire Ganges, English Prince, Isipingo, Jenny and Rigoletto. They were escorted by HMS Alisma and HMS Delphinium and were to make rendezvous with the Irish Sea section of this combined convoy in position 50°24'N, 08°02'W. These two corvettes were to join convoy MKS 81 later.

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The Irish Sea section of this convoy was made up of three sections, from the Clyde, Liverpool and Milford Haven.

The Clyde section of this combined convoy sailed on 6 February 1945.

This section was made up of the following merchant vessels;
Amastra (British (tanker), 8031 GRT, built 1935), Boreas (Norwegian, 2801 GRT, built 1920), Empire Addison (British, 7010 GRT, built 1942), Empire Industry (British (tanker), 8203 GRT, built 1943), Fort Frederick (British, 7135 GRT, built 1942), King James (British, 5122 GRT, built 1925), Macharda (British, 7998 GRT, built 1938), Nyhorn (Norwegian, 4494 GRT, built 1929) and Pozarica (Italian (tanker), 7799 GRT, built 1940).

The MAC ship (Merchantile Aircraft Carrier) Empire MacMahon (British (tanker), 8856 GRT, built 1943), rescue ship Empire Rest (British, 1333 GRT, built 1944) and ecort oiler British Energy (British (tanker), 7209 GRT, built 1931) (she came from Londonderry which she had departed on 6 February) were also part of this section.

The submarine HrMs O 24 (Lt.Cdr. P.J.S. de Jong, RNN) and landing ship HMS LST 421 (T/A/Lt.Cdr. T.F. Penney, RNR) were also part of this section.

The Clyde section was later joined by the merchant vessel Empire Spey (British, 4292 GRT, built 1929) coming from Belfast.

The Amastra however soon had to return to the Clyde due to engine defects. She arrived there later on the 6th.

On departure from the Clyde they were escorted by the frigates HMCS Lanark (A/Cdr. B.D.L. Johnson, OBE, RCNR) and Hawkesbury (Lt.Cdr. H.J. Weston, RANR(S)). The corvette HMCS Owen Sound (T/A/Lt.Cdr. J.M. Watson, RCNR) joined coming from Londonderry

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The Liverpool section of this combined convoy sailed on 6 February 1945.

This section was made up of the following merchant vessels;
Backhuysen (Dutch (tanker), 8194 GRT, built 1942), Balteako (British, 1328 GRT, built 1920), Emma Bakke (Norwegian, 4721 GRT, built 1929), Empire Ortolan (British, 4970 GRT, built 1919), Gdynia (Swedish, 1636 GRT, built 1934), Inchanga (British, 7069 GRT, built 1934), James Whitcomb Riley (American, 7176 GRT, built 1942), John T. Holt (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Lalande (British, 7453 GRT, built 1920), Macuba (Dutch (tanker), 8249 GRT, built 1931), Manchester Progress (British, 5620 GRT, built 1938), Marija Petrinovic (Yugoslavian, 5684 GRT, built 1918), Morris Hillquit (American, 7210 GRT, 1944), New Brooklyn (British, 6546 GRT, built 1920), Niso (British (tanker), 8273 GRT, 1944), Port Halifax (British, 5820 GRT, built 1937), Prometheus (British, 6095 GRT, built 1925), Thomas B. King (American, 7198 GRT, built 1942), Thomas J. Lyons (American, 7240 GRT, built 1944), Thomas Stone (American, 7191 GRT, built 1942), W.S. Jennings (American, 7240 GRT, built 1944) and Zane Grey (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943).

On departure from Liverpool they were escorted by the sloop HMS Wren (Cdr. S.R.J. Woods, DSC, RD, RNR) and the corvettes HMS Oakham Castle (T/A/Lt.Cdr. A.H. Lyons, RNVR) and HMS Aubretia (A/Lt.Cdr. G.D. Fowler, RNR).

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The Milford Haven section of this combined convoy sailed on 7 February 1945. Some ships joined coming directly from the Bristol Channel.

This section was made up of the following merchant vessels;
A.J. Cermak (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Abraham Rosenberg (American, 7176 GRT, built 1944), Arthur R. Lewis (American, 7240 GRT, built 1944), Cavina (British, 6907 GRT, 1924), Celtic Monarch (British, 5824 GRT, built 1929), David G. Burnet (American, 7244 GRT, built 1943), Edmond Mallet (American, 7176 GRT, built 1944), Edward G. Janeway (American, 7247 GRT, built 1944), Empire Galahead (British, 7046 GRT, built 1942), Empire Pennant (British, 7043 GRT, built 1942), F. Southall Farrar (American, 7200 GRT, built 1944), Fort Romaine (British, 7131 GRT, built 1943), Henry D. Lindsley (American, 7247 GRT, built 1944), Hugh M. Smith (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Isaac Mayer Wise (American, 7240 GRT, built 1944), Ivan Topic (Yugoslavian, 4943 GRT, built 1920), James B. Miller (American, 7176 GRT, built 1943), Jesse H. Metcalf (American, 7176 GRT, built 1944), K.I. Luckenbach (American, 7822 GRT, built 1918), Kaia Knudsen (Norwegian (tanker), 9063 GRT, built 1931) (also to serve as escort oiler), Kelmscott (British, 7053 GRT, built 1943), Minor C. Keith (American, 7247 GRT, built 1944), North King (Panamanian, 4934 GRT, built 1903), Taron (British (tanker), 8054 GRT, built 1936), Ward Hunt (American, 7191 GRT, built 1943) and William Windom (American, 7194 GRT, built 1943).

The RFA tanker Distol (1174 GRT, built 1916) was also part of this convoy.

On departure from Milford Haven they were escorted by the A/S trawler HMS Huddersfield Town (Skr. C.B. Scott, RNR) and the A/S whaler HMS Southern Breeze (A/Skr.Lt. W.S. Flowers, RNR).

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Early on 7 February, Force 36 supported the Irish Sea section of the combined convoy. Force 36 was made up of the frigates HMS Bligh (T/Lt. W.B. de Quincey, RNVR), HMS Grindall (T/A/Lt.Cdr. D. Turquand-Young, RNVR, with the Commanding Officer of the 5th Escort Group, Cdr. B.W. Taylor, RN, on board), HMS Keats (T/A/Lt.Cdr. N.F. Israel, DSC, RNR), HMS Kempthorne (Lt. H.J.A. Wilson, RN) and HMS Tyler (A/Lt.Cdr. C.H. Ranking, RN).

Around 0300A/7, the Clyde and Liverpool sections joined company.

Around 0900A/7, the frigate HMCS St. Therese (T/Cdr. J.E. Mitchell, RCNVR) joined coming from Londonderry.

Around 0930A/7, Force 33 joined as temporary reinforcements. Force 33 was made up of the sloop HMS Wild Goose (Cdr. D.E.G. Wemyss, DSO, DSC and Bar, RN) and the frigates HMS Dominica (Lt.Cdr. H.N. Lawson, RD, RNR), HMS Labuan (T/A/Lt.Cdr. V.D.H. Bidwell, DSC, RNR), HMS Tobago (T/A/Lt.Cdr. J.H.L. May, OBE, RNVR), HMS Loch Fada (Cdr. B.A. Rogers, RD, RNR) and HMS Loch Ruthven (A/Lt.Cdr. R.T. Horan, RNR).

Around 1000A/7, Force 36 (5th Escort Group), parted company.

Around 1600A/7, the corvette HMCS Copper Cliff (T/Lt.Cdr. F.G. Hutchings, RCNR) joined coming from Milford Haven.

Around 1800A/7, the Milford Haven section joined the Clyde / Liverpool sections. Both escorts of this section did not join the combined convoy.

Around 1900A/7, Force 33 (2nd Escort Group) parted company. [sources are conflicting, one source states that HMS Wild Goose, HMS Labuan and HMS Loch Fada remained with the convoy during the night of 7/8 February.

Around 1900A/7, the combined convoy split but the combined convoy OS 109 / KMS 83 remained in rather close company trailing behind convoy ON 283 during the night until turning southwards around 0700A/8.

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Convoy ON 283 was made up of the following merchant vessels;
A.J. Cermak, Abraham Rosenberg, Arthur R. Lewis, Backhuysen, British Energy (escort oiler), Cavina, David G. Burnet, Edmond Mallet, Edward G. Janeway, Emma Bakke, Empire Industry, Empire MacMahon (MAC ship), Empire Rest (rescue ship), F. Southall Farrar, Fort Romaine, Gdynia, Henry D. Lindsley, Hugh M. Smith, Isaac Mayer Wise, James B. Miller, James Whitcomb Riley, Jesse H. Metcalf, John T. Holt, K.I. Luckenbach, Kaia Knudsen (escort oiler), Kelmscott, Macuba, Manchester Progress, Marija Petrinovic, Minor C. Keith, Morris Hillquit, Niso, North King, Nyhorn, Port Halifax, Prometheus, Taros, Thomas B. King, Thomas J. Lyons, Thomas Stone, W.S. Jennings, Ward Hunt, William Windon and Zane Grey.

They were escorted by HMCS Lanark, HMS Hawkesbury, HMCS St. Therese, HMCS Copper Cliff and HMCS Owen Sound.

Around 1500A/9 the Channel section of the convoy joined company [for it's composition see above]. HMS Vimy, HMS Loosestrife and HMS Stonecrop then parted company.

Around 1200 hours on 10 December, in position 48°46'N, 12°35'W, HMCS St. Therese parted company to proceed to St. John's, Newfoundland where she arrived on 17 February.

On 13 February the USN tugs and the escorts fuelled from the British Energy and the President de Vogue. Also on this day the corvette HMCS Merrittonia (T/Lt. F.K. Ellis, RCNVR) joined the convoy. She had departed St. John's, Newfoundland on 7 February.

Around 1230 hours on 14 February [time zone not given] the Taron dropped out of the convoy with engine trouble. She rejoined the next day around 1830 hours.

On 15 February HMCS Merrittonia fuelled from the Kaia Knudsen.

At 0748 hours on the 18th, an SOS was received from the Alfred I. DuPont which was already struggling since the 14th with the heavy weather conditions the convoy encountered. She detached from the convoy and was able to reach the Azores on 20 February.

Also USS Cormorant had two holds flooded and HMCS Merrittonia was ordered to stand by the tug but the flooding was brought under control.

At 1620 hours on 18 February the Niso was detached to proceed independently to New Orleans (Good Hope) where she arrived on 4 March.

Around 1100 hours on 21 February, in position 44°46'N, 47°40'W, the current escort, minus HMCS Owen Sound parted company with the convoy to proceed to St. John's, Newfoundland where they arrived on 22 February. At the same time a new escort joined which had departed St. John's on 20 February. This new escort was made up of the minesweeper HMCS Kapuskasing (A/Lt.Cdr. A.H. Rankin, OBE, RCNVR), corvettes HMCS Barrie (T/Lt. W.D. Stokvis, RCNVR), HMCS Buctouche (T/Skr.Lt. H.E. Young, RCNR), HMCS Sherbrooke (T/Lt. D.A. Binmore, RCNVR) and HMCS Vancouver (T/Lt. G.C. Campbell, RCNVR).

On 22 February the Kelmscott was detached to St. John's where she arrived the following day.

At 1740 hours on 23 February the following merchant vessels were detached to Halifax;
British Energy, Cavina, Empire MacMahon, Empire Rest, Manchester Progress and Nyhorn. HMCS Owen Sound went with them as escort.

On 25 February the Fort Musquarro was ordered to proceed independently to Baltimore and the Thomas Stone was ordered to proceed independently to Philadelphia.

On 26 February the following ships were detached to Boston (via the Cape Cod Canal) where they arrived the following day;
David G. Burnet, Edmond Mallet, Elijah Cobb, Henry L. Benning, Hugh M. Smith and Jesse H. Metcalf.

Also the Empire Industy was ordered to proceed to Baltimore.

The remainder of the convoy arrived at New York on 27 February.

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The combined convoy OS 109 / KMS 83 was made up of the following merchant vessels;
Balteako, Boreas, Celtic Monarch, Distol, Empire Addison, Empire Galahad, Empire Pennant, Empire Spey, Fort Frederick, Ivan Topic, King James, Macharda, New Brooklyn, Pozarica, HrMs O 24 and HMS LST 421. They were escorted by HMS Wren, HMS Oakham Castle and HMS Aubretia.

Around 1700A/8, the Channel section of the convoy joined company. [for it's composition see above]. Their escorts, HMS Alisma and HMS Delphinium also joined the convoy.

Around 1430A/9, HMS Wren was detached to return to Liverpool and HMS Alisma, HMS Aubretia and HMS Delphinium were to join convoy MKS 81 and had already parted company A.M. on the 9th.

Around 1800A/9, in position 48°00'N, 08°30'W, the ships belonging to convoy OS 109 were detached. They were to proceed independently to their destinations. This were the following merchant vessels; Briarwood (arrived at Dakar on 20 February), Celtic Monarch (arrived at Freetown on 23 February), Empire Galahad (arrived at Buenos Aires on 5 March), Empire Pennant (arrived at Montevideo on 5 March), Isipingo (arrived at Takoradi on 23 February), Ivan Topic (arrived at Dakar on 20 February), Jenny (arrived at Freetown on 21 February but made a short stop at Dakar to land an injured crew member on 19 February) and New Brooklyn (arrived at Takoradi on 26 February).

The Rigotello (arrived at Freetown on 21 February) parted company on the 10th.

Convoy KMS 83 continued towards Gibraltar with the remaining vessels escorted by HMS Oakham Castle.

Around 0800Z/13, in position 42°17'N, 13°36'W, the patrol vessels HMS Kilmelford (Lt. W. Harold, RNZNVR) and HMS Kilmington (T/Lt. D.D. Humphreys, RNVR) joined.

Around 0800Z/14, in position 39°00'N, 13°29'W, the frigate HMS Ballinderry (Lt.Cdr. E.F. Aikman, RNR) joined.

The convoy arrived at Gibraltar on 16 February but some of the merchant vessels immediately proceeded into the Mediterranean to continue their voyage independently and unescorted. (8)

21 Feb 1945

Convoy UC 57A.

The Channel section of this convoy departed The Solent on 21 February 1945.

This section was made up of the following merchant vessels;
Chickamauga (American (tanker), 10195 GRT, built 1943), Fort Fetterman (American (tanker), 10172 GRT, built 1944), Hubbardton (American (tanker), 10296 GRT, built 1944), Karsten Wang (Norwegian (tanker), 10296 GRT, built 1944), Memnon (American, 8258 GRT, built 1944), Santa Rosa (American, 9135 GRT, built 1932), Sea Tiger (American, 7886 GRT, built 1944), Wacosta (American, 5432 GRT, built 1920), Waipawa (British, 12436 GRT, built 1934), White Bird Canyon (American (tanker), 10172 GRT, built 1944) and Yellow Tavern (American (tanker), 10296 GRT, built 1944).

On departure from The Solent the convoy was escorted by the destroyer USS McDougal (T/Cdr. E.W. Logsdon, USN, with COMTASKGR 61.5, T/Capt. E.D. Poole, USN, on board) and the destroyer escorts USS Blair (Lt. W. Gadsby, Jr., USNR) and USS Martin H. Ray (Lt. H.V. Tucker, Jr., USNR).

Around 2245A/21, the destroyers HMCS Iroquois (Capt. K.F. Adams, RCN) and HMCS Huron (Lt.Cdr. H.V.W. Groos, RCN) joined.

Around 0435A/22, the Santa Rosa and Sea Tiger parted company with the convoy to proceed to Plymouth.

Around 0745A/22, the Alcoa Pointer, Memnon and Waipawa parted company with the convoy to proceed up the Irish Sea. HMCS Iroquois and HMCS Huron went with them as escorts.

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The Irish Sea Section of the convoy was made up of four sections, coming from the Clyde, Belfast Lough, Liverpool and the Bristol Channel.

The Clyde Section of the convoy departed on 21 February and was made up of the following merchant vessels;
Esso Camden (American (tanker), 10297 GRT, built 1944) and Paraguay (British, 7555 GRT, built 1944). The (midget) submarine tender HMS Bonaventure (A/Capt.(Retd.) W.R. Fell, DSC, OBE, RN) is also part of the Clyde Section. The Clyde Section was escorted by the destroyer escort USS Brough (Lt. M.A. Stein, USNR). The frigates HMS Fitzroy (Lt.Cdr. O.G. Stuart, RCNVR) and HMS Rupert (Lt. P.C.S. Black, RN) provided support for this section of the convoy.

The Belfast Lough Section of the convoy departed on 21 February and was made up of the following merchant vessels;
Australia Star (British, 11122 GRT, built 1935) and Roxburgh Castle (British, 8003 GRT, built 1945). The Belfast Lough Section was escorted by the destroyer escort USS Hammann (Lt.Cdr. C.L. Gould, USNR).

Around 1700A/21, the Clyde Section and Belfast Lough Section joined company.

The Liverpool Section of the convoy departed on 21 February and was made up of the following merchant vessels;
Carnifex Ferry (American (tanker), 10297 GRT, built 1945), Darro (British, 9733 GRT, built 1943), Elisabeth Bakke (Norwegian, 5450 GRT, built 1937), Grand River (American (tanker), 10172 GRT, built 1944), Mobile Bay (American (tanker), 10172 GRT, built 1945), Sandy Creek (American (tanker), 10297 GRT, built 1944), The Yakima (American (tanker), 10172 GRT, built 1944) and York (American (tanker), 10448 GRT, built 1943). The Liverpool Section was escorted by the destroyer escort USS Jacob Jones (Lt. Frank L. Sullivan, USNR, with COMCORTDIV 3, T/Cdr. C.W. Musgrave, USN, on board). The frigates HMS Byron (Lt. J.B. Burfield, DSC, RN), HMS Deane (T/Lt.Cdr. F. Brock, RCNVR) provided support for this section of the convoy. The frigate HMS Conn (Lt.Cdr. R. Hart, DSC and Bar, RN) later joined as well.

Around 2300A/21, the Liverpool Section joined the Clyde / Belfast Lough Section. The five British frigates now proceeded to sweep ahead of the convoy for which they were joined around 0100A/22 by the frigates HMS Barbados (T/A/Lt.Cdr. E.G. Donald, RNVR) and HMS Nyasaland (T/A/Lt.Cdr. J. Scott, DSC, RNVR) from the 23rd Escort Group joined.

Around 0230A/22, HMS Conn, HMS Byron, HMS Deane, HMS Fitzroy and HMS Rupert set course to proceed to Belfast Lough. Three more frigates from the 23rd Escort Group joined; HMS Montserrat (Cdr. G.W. Gregorie, RD, RNR), HMS Papua (A/Lt.Cdr. C.W. Leadbetter, RNR) and HMS Loch Gorm (A/Lt.Cdr. R. Johnston, RNR).

Around 1025A/22, ' Force 34 ' joined, made up of ships of the 22nd Escort Group. This were the sloops HMS Hart (A/Cdr.(Retd.) H.F.G. Leftwich, RN), HMS Amethyst (Lt.Cdr. N. Scott-Elliot, DSC, RN), HMS Magpie (Lt.Cdr. G.O. Symonds, DSC, RN), HMS Peacock (Lt.Cdr. R.B. Stannard, VC, DSO, RD, RNR) and HMS Wren (Cdr. S.R.J. Woods, DSC, RD, RNR).

The frigates of the 23rd Escort Group then parted company.

Around 1130A/22, the Bristol Channel Section of the convoy joined. This section had departed also on 21 February 1945 and was made up of the following merchant vessels;
Aiken Victory (American, 7607 GRT, built 1944), Aztec (Hunduran, 5511 GRT, built 1929), Chatterton Hill (American (tanker), 10172 GRT, built 1944), De Soto (American, 6165 GRT, built 1944), Delaires (American, 6509 GRT, built 1942), Exanthia (American, 6533 GRT, built 1941), Fort Stevens (American (tanker), 10172 GRT, built 1944), Golden Eagle (American, 6180 GRT, built 1943), Golden Fleece (American, 8258 GRT, built 1944), Jamaica Producer (British, 5464 GRT, built 1934), Midnight (American, 8258 GRT, built 1940), Pipiriki (British, 10057 GRT, built 1944), Pit River (American (tanker), 10172 GRT, built 1945), Talisman (American, 8258 GRT, built 1944) and White Squall (American, 8258 GRT, built 1943) . This section was escorted by the destroyer escorts USS Robert E. Peary (Lt. D. McKinlay, Jr., USNR) and USS Roy O. Hale (Lt. H.C. Pogue, Jr., USNR).

Around 1300A/22, USS Jacob Jones parted company with the Irish Sea Section to return to Liverpool.

Around 1420A/22, ' Force 34 ' parted company with the Irish Sea Section.

Around 1530A/22, USS Roy O. Hale parted company with the Irish Sea Section to return to Milford Haven.

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Around 2300A/22, the Channel Section of the convoy was joined by the Irish Sea Section of the convoy.

Around 0335Z/25, the following ships parted company wih the convoy to proceed independently to their destinations;
HMS Bonaventure (arrived at Ponta Delgada on 26 February), Pipiriki (arrived in the Panama Canal zone on 6 March) and Roxburgh Castle (arrived at Buenos Aires on 12 March).

Around 0330P/2, in bad weather conditions, the following merchant vessels parted company wih the convoy to proceed independently to their destinations;
Jamaica Producer (arrived at Halifax on 3 March) and Midnight (arrived at New York on 5 March).

Around 0500P/2, USS Hammann and USS Robert E. Peary were detached to go to the assistance of two vessels in distress.

The convoy arrived at New York on 5 March. (9)

1 May 1945
HMS Universal (Lt. S.S. Brooks, DSC, RN) conducted A/S exercises off Loch Alsh with HMS Hart (Lt.Cdr. A.D. White, RD, RNR) and HMS Wren (Cdr. S.R.J. Woods, DSC, RD, RNR). (10)